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Lecture-7-Optics
... marginal and central rays. Since MT = -si/so , the curved nature of the principal surface will result in different effective object and image distances, resulting in different transverse magnifications. The variation in MT also depends on the location of the object which can result in a negative (a) ...
... marginal and central rays. Since MT = -si/so , the curved nature of the principal surface will result in different effective object and image distances, resulting in different transverse magnifications. The variation in MT also depends on the location of the object which can result in a negative (a) ...
Scope Definitions
... recoil. (I heard this called "The Mark of the Magnum" on Field of View n. The width (usually in feet) of viewed area at a given distance, usually 100 yards. Field of view decreases with magnification, and increases with viewing distance and lens size. This is why astronomical telescopes have small " ...
... recoil. (I heard this called "The Mark of the Magnum" on Field of View n. The width (usually in feet) of viewed area at a given distance, usually 100 yards. Field of view decreases with magnification, and increases with viewing distance and lens size. This is why astronomical telescopes have small " ...
Ray Optics
... The image of the first lens is treated as the object of the second lens Then a ray diagram is drawn for the second lens The image formed by the second lens is the final image of the system If the image formed by the first lens lies on the back side of the second lens, then the image is treated a ...
... The image of the first lens is treated as the object of the second lens Then a ray diagram is drawn for the second lens The image formed by the second lens is the final image of the system If the image formed by the first lens lies on the back side of the second lens, then the image is treated a ...
N15_Geom_Optics - University of Arizona
... prisms, blue light bends more than red light. So the same effect must happen in lenses—where one assumes that ray paths are independent of color. The first picture below shows how lenses will have slightly different focal lengths for different colors. This effect is called “chromatic aberration” and ...
... prisms, blue light bends more than red light. So the same effect must happen in lenses—where one assumes that ray paths are independent of color. The first picture below shows how lenses will have slightly different focal lengths for different colors. This effect is called “chromatic aberration” and ...
PPT
... Waves from two unrelated sources. Examples: light from two points on the sun or two atoms on a light bulb filament, or two people singing the same note. Incoherent intensities add. The average of constructive and destructive interference is no interference! Lecture 3, p 14 ...
... Waves from two unrelated sources. Examples: light from two points on the sun or two atoms on a light bulb filament, or two people singing the same note. Incoherent intensities add. The average of constructive and destructive interference is no interference! Lecture 3, p 14 ...
Aperture
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Apertures.jpg?width=300)
In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. The aperture determines how collimated the admitted rays are, which is of great importance for the appearance at the image plane. If an aperture is narrow, then highly collimated rays are admitted, resulting in a sharp focus at the image plane. If an aperture is wide, then uncollimated rays are admitted, resulting in a sharp focus only for rays with a certain focal length. This means that a wide aperture results in an image that is sharp for things at the correct distance. The aperture also determines how many of the incoming rays are actually admitted and thus how much light reaches the image plane (the narrower the aperture, the darker the image for a given exposure time). In the human eye, the pupil is the aperture.An optical system typically has many openings, or structures that limit the ray bundles (ray bundles are also known as pencils of light). These structures may be the edge of a lens or mirror, or a ring or other fixture that holds an optical element in place, or may be a special element such as a diaphragm placed in the optical path to limit the light admitted by the system. In general, these structures are called stops, and the aperture stop is the stop that determines the ray cone angle, or equivalently the brightness, at an image point.In some contexts, especially in photography and astronomy, aperture refers to the diameter of the aperture stop rather than the physical stop or the opening itself. For example, in a telescope the aperture stop is typically the edges of the objective lens or mirror (or of the mount that holds it). One then speaks of a telescope as having, for example, a 100 centimeter aperture. Note that the aperture stop is not necessarily the smallest stop in the system. Magnification and demagnification by lenses and other elements can cause a relatively large stop to be the aperture stop for the system.Sometimes stops and diaphragms are called apertures, even when they are not the aperture stop of the system.The word aperture is also used in other contexts to indicate a system which blocks off light outside a certain region. In astronomy for example, a photometric aperture around a star usually corresponds to a circular window around the image of a star within which the light intensity is assumed.