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Energetic neutral atoms around HD 209458b
... The stellar wind density and temperature have also been scaled from average solar conditions for our Sun using relations given by Russell et al. (1988). Given the close proximity of HD 209458b to its host star the choice of stellar wind parameters has to be looked at in some detail. At the Sun we di ...
... The stellar wind density and temperature have also been scaled from average solar conditions for our Sun using relations given by Russell et al. (1988). Given the close proximity of HD 209458b to its host star the choice of stellar wind parameters has to be looked at in some detail. At the Sun we di ...
Spots on Ap Stars
... • Activity is more prolonged; • Activity is a function of both age AND mass • dMe stars are kinematically younger than dM stars • In older clusters, activity “turns on” at later spectral type ...
... • Activity is more prolonged; • Activity is a function of both age AND mass • dMe stars are kinematically younger than dM stars • In older clusters, activity “turns on” at later spectral type ...
Introduction to HI Paper
... To assess the performance of the HI we must include noise. For the simulation, a Poisson-like form is assumed. To do this, we modify the intensity of each pixel using a software function ‘seeded’ by a random number generator. This is a simple-minded yet effective approach for the purpose at hand. No ...
... To assess the performance of the HI we must include noise. For the simulation, a Poisson-like form is assumed. To do this, we modify the intensity of each pixel using a software function ‘seeded’ by a random number generator. This is a simple-minded yet effective approach for the purpose at hand. No ...
Observations
... along the magnetosheath, monitoring fluctuations in the shape and width of Jupiter’s magnetosphere, while Galileo monitors the solar wind and HST observes the dayside aurora. The solar wind influence on auroral intensity and structure can then be decoupled from changes due to strictly internal magne ...
... along the magnetosheath, monitoring fluctuations in the shape and width of Jupiter’s magnetosphere, while Galileo monitors the solar wind and HST observes the dayside aurora. The solar wind influence on auroral intensity and structure can then be decoupled from changes due to strictly internal magne ...
Geomagnetic Storms - Thought Leadership
... Solar activity follows a roughly 11-year cycle. The next maximum in solar activity is expected to occur in late 2012 or early 2013 (see Figure 1). This is based on observations of sunspot activity and other metrics of solar activity, and points to an increase in the number of solar flares and the ej ...
... Solar activity follows a roughly 11-year cycle. The next maximum in solar activity is expected to occur in late 2012 or early 2013 (see Figure 1). This is based on observations of sunspot activity and other metrics of solar activity, and points to an increase in the number of solar flares and the ej ...
A straightforward estimation of the maximum sunspot number for
... integral parts of low-orbit space stations and radio communications. It provides information on the physical processes inside the Sun. It allows us to assess further the relationship found between solar irradiance and solar activity (see for instance review by Lean, 1997) which has a very direct in¯ ...
... integral parts of low-orbit space stations and radio communications. It provides information on the physical processes inside the Sun. It allows us to assess further the relationship found between solar irradiance and solar activity (see for instance review by Lean, 1997) which has a very direct in¯ ...
Wind Opacity Issues
... OFH2006 shows this plot of wind opacity for four stars (below), from “detailed” wind modeling using PoWR. It appears that the only K-shell edge is that of (a single ion state of) nitrogen. This seems pretty crude. And it makes me wonder what elements are included in the calculation of the overall op ...
... OFH2006 shows this plot of wind opacity for four stars (below), from “detailed” wind modeling using PoWR. It appears that the only K-shell edge is that of (a single ion state of) nitrogen. This seems pretty crude. And it makes me wonder what elements are included in the calculation of the overall op ...
1 Planetary-Spin heat, Jupiter- Saturn-Solar Tidal
... A case in point would be Jupiter’s four Galilean Moons that become progressively more quiescent with distance, slower rotation speeds and weaker magnetic fields with increasing distance from Jupiter. See figure below. ...
... A case in point would be Jupiter’s four Galilean Moons that become progressively more quiescent with distance, slower rotation speeds and weaker magnetic fields with increasing distance from Jupiter. See figure below. ...
A Simple Planetary Evolution Model Using the Solar Nebular Theory
... been constructed to explain how the sun formed and why the planets are situated as they are now and many of these theories are not adequate in explaining those questions. One rejected theory is that the planets were born-ready from the sun, and the sun ejected them out (Edgeworth 1949). This theory ...
... been constructed to explain how the sun formed and why the planets are situated as they are now and many of these theories are not adequate in explaining those questions. One rejected theory is that the planets were born-ready from the sun, and the sun ejected them out (Edgeworth 1949). This theory ...
Critical Content/Concept Web
... 4.S.1.2.3 Make, describe and/or use models 4.S.1.3.1 Describe how changes occur and can be measured 4. S.1.5.1 Explain the relationship between shape and use. 4. S.3.1.1 Analyze and communicate the adaptations of plants and animals to their environment. ...
... 4.S.1.2.3 Make, describe and/or use models 4.S.1.3.1 Describe how changes occur and can be measured 4. S.1.5.1 Explain the relationship between shape and use. 4. S.3.1.1 Analyze and communicate the adaptations of plants and animals to their environment. ...
here - The Planetary Chemistry Laboratory
... Lodders 2003, Astrophysical Journal 591(2) 1220-1247, Solar system abundances and condensation temperatures of the elements. for a compilation of various physical and chemical data on solar system objects see: Lodders, K. & Fegley, B. 1998, The Planetary Scientist's Companion, ...
... Lodders 2003, Astrophysical Journal 591(2) 1220-1247, Solar system abundances and condensation temperatures of the elements. for a compilation of various physical and chemical data on solar system objects see: Lodders, K. & Fegley, B. 1998, The Planetary Scientist's Companion, ...
Lecture 13 Presupernova Models, Core Collapse and Bounce
... General relativity can also help by making the bounce go deeper . Stellar Structure and the Mass of the Homologous Core A larger homologous core means that the shock is born farther out with less matter to photodisintegrate and less neutrino losses on its way out. ...
... General relativity can also help by making the bounce go deeper . Stellar Structure and the Mass of the Homologous Core A larger homologous core means that the shock is born farther out with less matter to photodisintegrate and less neutrino losses on its way out. ...
Multidimensional and inhomogeneity effects on scattering
... profiles have complex shapes which vary strongly with the line of sight. Note that the spatial distribution has been smeared with a 0.5”-wide mean filter in order to account for the finite resolving power of today’s ground based instruments. It is important to notice that Stokes Q is enhanced near the ...
... profiles have complex shapes which vary strongly with the line of sight. Note that the spatial distribution has been smeared with a 0.5”-wide mean filter in order to account for the finite resolving power of today’s ground based instruments. It is important to notice that Stokes Q is enhanced near the ...
A search for ultra-high-energy gamma rays at the South Pole
... In the same year that Amundsen reached the South Pole, an Austrian physicist, Victor Hess, discovered that the outer layers of the Earth's atmosphere are continuously being bombarded by a rain of charged particles called cosmic rays. In yet another of many attempts which have been made in the ensuin ...
... In the same year that Amundsen reached the South Pole, an Austrian physicist, Victor Hess, discovered that the outer layers of the Earth's atmosphere are continuously being bombarded by a rain of charged particles called cosmic rays. In yet another of many attempts which have been made in the ensuin ...
Lecture 2: Theory - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics
... Alfvén waves with frequencies > 10 Hz have not yet been observed in the corona or solar wind, but ideas for their origin abound . . . . (1) Base generation by, e.g., “microflare” reconnection in the lanes that border convection cells (e.g., Axford & McKenzie 1997). Problem: “minor” ions consume base ...
... Alfvén waves with frequencies > 10 Hz have not yet been observed in the corona or solar wind, but ideas for their origin abound . . . . (1) Base generation by, e.g., “microflare” reconnection in the lanes that border convection cells (e.g., Axford & McKenzie 1997). Problem: “minor” ions consume base ...
Modeling Time Dependent Winds - Center for Computational Sciences
... Rayleigh-Taylor, and Richtmyer-Meshkov) are clearly evident in numerical models of astrophysical winds. • Other flow instabilities can come from magnetic stress and radiation pressure. • These instabilities lead to turbulent flow which can strongly modify density, velocity and temperature structures ...
... Rayleigh-Taylor, and Richtmyer-Meshkov) are clearly evident in numerical models of astrophysical winds. • Other flow instabilities can come from magnetic stress and radiation pressure. • These instabilities lead to turbulent flow which can strongly modify density, velocity and temperature structures ...
NEBULAR HYPOTHESIS OF LAPLACE
... Thus, the intruding star collided against the ‘companion star’. Due to head on collision the companion star was completely smashed and shattered, some shattered portions were scattered in the sky while remaining debris started revolving around the primitive sun. However, the impact of collision and ...
... Thus, the intruding star collided against the ‘companion star’. Due to head on collision the companion star was completely smashed and shattered, some shattered portions were scattered in the sky while remaining debris started revolving around the primitive sun. However, the impact of collision and ...
Upper ionosphere of Mars is not axially symmetrical
... 10000 km, respectively. The measurements were made by the ASPERA-3 (Analyzer of Space Plasma and Energetic Atoms) and MARSIS (Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionospheric Sounding) experiments. ASPERA3 comprises two plasma sensors: the Ion Mass Analyzer (IMA) and ELectron Spectrometer (ELS) (B ...
... 10000 km, respectively. The measurements were made by the ASPERA-3 (Analyzer of Space Plasma and Energetic Atoms) and MARSIS (Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionospheric Sounding) experiments. ASPERA3 comprises two plasma sensors: the Ion Mass Analyzer (IMA) and ELectron Spectrometer (ELS) (B ...
Here - HESPERIA
... Observations with Fermi/LAT have revealed over twenty-five >100 MeV gamma-ray events on the Sun lasting from tens of minutes to several hours. All are associated with flares and all but one with fast CMEs. The gamma-ray emission is most probably from decay of pions produced by high-energy proton and ...
... Observations with Fermi/LAT have revealed over twenty-five >100 MeV gamma-ray events on the Sun lasting from tens of minutes to several hours. All are associated with flares and all but one with fast CMEs. The gamma-ray emission is most probably from decay of pions produced by high-energy proton and ...
Cluster mission and data analysis for the March 2001
... tetrahedral formation around the Earth and the orbit was designed so that the satellites cover the bow shock in front of the Earth or the plasma sheet in the tail region (see Figure 1). The relative distance between the spacecraft can be adjusted between 200 km in the cusp and 20 000 km in the magne ...
... tetrahedral formation around the Earth and the orbit was designed so that the satellites cover the bow shock in front of the Earth or the plasma sheet in the tail region (see Figure 1). The relative distance between the spacecraft can be adjusted between 200 km in the cusp and 20 000 km in the magne ...
Segment 1 - Knowitall.org
... 1. Determine the color bead to represent each planet and the asteroid belt and record in chart below. Save a yellow bead to represent the Sun. 2. Complete the chart to determine each planet’s astronomical unit. 3. Using the scale of 1 AU = 10 centimeters (cm), determine the distance in cm and comple ...
... 1. Determine the color bead to represent each planet and the asteroid belt and record in chart below. Save a yellow bead to represent the Sun. 2. Complete the chart to determine each planet’s astronomical unit. 3. Using the scale of 1 AU = 10 centimeters (cm), determine the distance in cm and comple ...
8sept03_notes - World of Teaching
... • Characterize a variety of rocks and soils that hold clues to past water activity – i.e. try to identify carbonates (indicate water-volcano cycles) • Distribution and composition of minerals, rocks, and soils near sites • Determine geologic processes have shaped the local terrain ...
... • Characterize a variety of rocks and soils that hold clues to past water activity – i.e. try to identify carbonates (indicate water-volcano cycles) • Distribution and composition of minerals, rocks, and soils near sites • Determine geologic processes have shaped the local terrain ...
Solar wind
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Solar_wind_Speed_interplanetary_magnetic_field.jpg?width=300)
The solar wind is a stream of charged particles released from the upper atmosphere of the Sun. This plasma consists of mostly electrons, protons and alpha particles with energies usually between 1.5 and 10 keV; embedded in the solar-wind plasma is the interplanetary magnetic field. The solar wind varies in density, temperature and speed over time and over solar longitude. Its particles can escape the Sun's gravity because of their high energy, from the high temperature of the corona and magnetic, electrical and electromagnetic phenomena in it.The solar wind flows outward supersonically to great distances, filling a region known as the heliosphere, an enormous bubble-like volume surrounded by the interstellar medium. Other related phenomena include the aurora (northern and southern lights), the plasma tails of comets that always point away from the Sun, and geomagnetic storms that can change the direction of magnetic field lines and create strong currents in power grids on Earth.