Non-random Allelic Variation
... trials the winning boat will have all the same oarsmen. A crew member finally chosen will have been grouped with both good and inferior ones at different times, but on average his performance has contributed more to the trials than one who was not chosen. Natural selection within populations can be ...
... trials the winning boat will have all the same oarsmen. A crew member finally chosen will have been grouped with both good and inferior ones at different times, but on average his performance has contributed more to the trials than one who was not chosen. Natural selection within populations can be ...
Recent approaches into the genetic basis of inbreeding depression
... recessive or partly recessive deleterious alleles, the effects of which are masked or partly masked by dominant alleles in more heterozygous, outbred offspring (Davenport 1908). The overdominance hypothesis states that heterozygotes at a given locus have an inherent advantage over homozygotes and th ...
... recessive or partly recessive deleterious alleles, the effects of which are masked or partly masked by dominant alleles in more heterozygous, outbred offspring (Davenport 1908). The overdominance hypothesis states that heterozygotes at a given locus have an inherent advantage over homozygotes and th ...
PATERNAL CARE: DIRECT AND INDIRECT GENETIC EFFECTS
... Knowledge of how genetic effects arising from parental care influence the evolution of offspring traits comes almost exclusively from studies of maternal care. However, males provide care in some taxa, and often this care differs from females in quality or quantity. If variation in paternal care is ...
... Knowledge of how genetic effects arising from parental care influence the evolution of offspring traits comes almost exclusively from studies of maternal care. However, males provide care in some taxa, and often this care differs from females in quality or quantity. If variation in paternal care is ...
Untitled
... Escaped farm fish have been found among wild stocks in areas close to the farm of origin. Given the right set of conditions, these fish will mate with other farm or wild fish and contribute to the wild genepool. The question that concerns all stakeholders interested in wild fish populations is - Doe ...
... Escaped farm fish have been found among wild stocks in areas close to the farm of origin. Given the right set of conditions, these fish will mate with other farm or wild fish and contribute to the wild genepool. The question that concerns all stakeholders interested in wild fish populations is - Doe ...
Parent–offspring conflict and the genetics of offspring solicitation
... environmental variability may lead to the maintenance of genetic variation because no single strategy does best under all environmental conditions (Parker & Macnair ...
... environmental variability may lead to the maintenance of genetic variation because no single strategy does best under all environmental conditions (Parker & Macnair ...
How Does Climate Influence Speciation?
... becomes less suitable and the montane habitats more suitable over time. The lowland population may then become extinct if the species fails to adapt to higher temperatures, which leads to geographic isolation and eventual speciation of the montane populations. Under this pattern of spatial and tempo ...
... becomes less suitable and the montane habitats more suitable over time. The lowland population may then become extinct if the species fails to adapt to higher temperatures, which leads to geographic isolation and eventual speciation of the montane populations. Under this pattern of spatial and tempo ...
How Does Climate Influence Speciation?
... becomes less suitable and the montane habitats more suitable over time. The lowland population may then become extinct if the species fails to adapt to higher temperatures, which leads to geographic isolation and eventual speciation of the montane populations. Under this pattern of spatial and tempo ...
... becomes less suitable and the montane habitats more suitable over time. The lowland population may then become extinct if the species fails to adapt to higher temperatures, which leads to geographic isolation and eventual speciation of the montane populations. Under this pattern of spatial and tempo ...
Adaptive Speciation: Epilogue
... gets it and we all get over it” (Bush 1998). Indeed, it is now the widely accepted common wisdom that most evolutionary diversification occurred according to the allopatric speciation scenario. However, even though allopatric speciation, with its apparent simplicity, is an intuitively appealing idea ...
... gets it and we all get over it” (Bush 1998). Indeed, it is now the widely accepted common wisdom that most evolutionary diversification occurred according to the allopatric speciation scenario. However, even though allopatric speciation, with its apparent simplicity, is an intuitively appealing idea ...
AP Biology - Effingham County Schools
... Male birds use their plumage to attract mates. Male birds with less brilliant and showy plumage are less likely to attract a mate ...
... Male birds use their plumage to attract mates. Male birds with less brilliant and showy plumage are less likely to attract a mate ...
Ecological explanations for (incomplete) speciation
... divergence and the completeness of speciation, independent of time [1,9]. Notably, this framework might also be used to control for variation among taxon pairs in genetic architecture, by adding such information to the regression analysis. With this analytical framework in mind, we turn ...
... divergence and the completeness of speciation, independent of time [1,9]. Notably, this framework might also be used to control for variation among taxon pairs in genetic architecture, by adding such information to the regression analysis. With this analytical framework in mind, we turn ...
Key area 2: Plant and animal breeding by manipulation of heredity
... However, if F1 hybrids are allowed to interbreed with one another, the F2 generation can be too genetically diverse and many will lack the improved characteristics. ...
... However, if F1 hybrids are allowed to interbreed with one another, the F2 generation can be too genetically diverse and many will lack the improved characteristics. ...
The genetics of migration on the move
... blackcaps Sylvia atricapilla (Figure 1cii) have further shown that migratory traits are under strong selection and can change within a few generations [7–10]. However, migration is only one of many types of movement (Box 1); therefore, we also discuss its relation to the genetics of other movement p ...
... blackcaps Sylvia atricapilla (Figure 1cii) have further shown that migratory traits are under strong selection and can change within a few generations [7–10]. However, migration is only one of many types of movement (Box 1); therefore, we also discuss its relation to the genetics of other movement p ...
9. Assistance From The Tonkinese Breed
... Burmese and Siamese, which are to be used in the breeding of first generation (F1) Tonkinese, should be good examples of their breed and both cats must be on their Full register (their respective pedigrees shall include only cats of the same breed on the Full register for 5 preceding generations). A ...
... Burmese and Siamese, which are to be used in the breeding of first generation (F1) Tonkinese, should be good examples of their breed and both cats must be on their Full register (their respective pedigrees shall include only cats of the same breed on the Full register for 5 preceding generations). A ...
Fisher`s Fundamental Theorem of Natural Selection Revisited
... Copyright ] 1997 by Academic Press All rights of reproduction in any form reserved. ...
... Copyright ] 1997 by Academic Press All rights of reproduction in any form reserved. ...
asian breeding policy - Maine Coon Breed Society
... breeders observe what is considered “best practice” in breeding Maine Coons. The over-riding objective is to improve the Maine Coon cat, working to meet all aspects of the Maine Coon Standard of Points, which describes the ideal for the Maine Coon cat. The origins of the Maine Coon are shrouded in m ...
... breeders observe what is considered “best practice” in breeding Maine Coons. The over-riding objective is to improve the Maine Coon cat, working to meet all aspects of the Maine Coon Standard of Points, which describes the ideal for the Maine Coon cat. The origins of the Maine Coon are shrouded in m ...
recommended breeding policy for the maine
... type too quickly (before the ideal of the standard is reached) or deleterious genes being expressed and fixed in the breed. Breeders need to use inbreeding to gain sufficient homogeneity to fix recognisable Maine Coon type but with sufficient variation to both enable improvement, and maintain health ...
... type too quickly (before the ideal of the standard is reached) or deleterious genes being expressed and fixed in the breed. Breeders need to use inbreeding to gain sufficient homogeneity to fix recognisable Maine Coon type but with sufficient variation to both enable improvement, and maintain health ...
References
... offspring fitness. To investigate the genetics of parent-offspring interactions we conducted a ...
... offspring fitness. To investigate the genetics of parent-offspring interactions we conducted a ...
Transposable elements activity reveals punctuated
... new parameter called Density of Insertion (DI), which is the ratio between the number of TE insertions in a genome and its size. We calculated the DI at both divergence thresholds (1%DI and 5%DI). As for mammalian speciation patterns, we also calculated the Rate of Speciation (RS) as the ratio betwe ...
... new parameter called Density of Insertion (DI), which is the ratio between the number of TE insertions in a genome and its size. We calculated the DI at both divergence thresholds (1%DI and 5%DI). As for mammalian speciation patterns, we also calculated the Rate of Speciation (RS) as the ratio betwe ...
Probability in Biology: The Case of Fitness Roberta L. Millstein
... consideration of their abilities to reproduce, and indeed, much of the Origin reads that way. In particular, Darwin devotes an entire chapter (Chapter 3) to discussing what he called the “struggle for existence”; the chapter is mostly about the struggle to survive. However, reproductive ability does ...
... consideration of their abilities to reproduce, and indeed, much of the Origin reads that way. In particular, Darwin devotes an entire chapter (Chapter 3) to discussing what he called the “struggle for existence”; the chapter is mostly about the struggle to survive. However, reproductive ability does ...
Selection against Accumulating Mutations in Niche
... Exploiter perception and the ANN. The signals are ‘perceived’ by exploiter perceptrons: a feed-forward ANN (Fig. 2) capable of non-linear discrimination if the number of layers are at least three. ANNs are models of biological neural circuits with nodes having the functionality of a neural cell [35] ...
... Exploiter perception and the ANN. The signals are ‘perceived’ by exploiter perceptrons: a feed-forward ANN (Fig. 2) capable of non-linear discrimination if the number of layers are at least three. ANNs are models of biological neural circuits with nodes having the functionality of a neural cell [35] ...
Genetic Programming: Introduction, Applications, Theory and Open
... For example, given the set of functions f ¼ fþ; $g and the set of terminals t ¼ fx; 1g, a legal GP individual is represented in > Fig. 1. This tree can also be represented by the LISP-like S-expression ðþ x ð$ x 1ÞÞ (for a definition of LISP S-expressions see, for instance, Koza (1992)). It is good ...
... For example, given the set of functions f ¼ fþ; $g and the set of terminals t ¼ fx; 1g, a legal GP individual is represented in > Fig. 1. This tree can also be represented by the LISP-like S-expression ðþ x ð$ x 1ÞÞ (for a definition of LISP S-expressions see, for instance, Koza (1992)). It is good ...
Introduction
... biological speciation are still debated vigorously. The traditional “standard model” of speciation rests on the assumption of geographic isolation. After a population has become subdivided by external causes – like fragmentation through environmental change or colonization of a new, disconnected hab ...
... biological speciation are still debated vigorously. The traditional “standard model” of speciation rests on the assumption of geographic isolation. After a population has become subdivided by external causes – like fragmentation through environmental change or colonization of a new, disconnected hab ...
Group Selection
... “Here is a better and real illustration: according to M. Verlot, some varieties of the double annual Stock from having been long and carefully selected to the right degree, always produce a large proportion of (Sterile Offspring = ) seedlings bearing double and quite sterile flowers; but they likew ...
... “Here is a better and real illustration: according to M. Verlot, some varieties of the double annual Stock from having been long and carefully selected to the right degree, always produce a large proportion of (Sterile Offspring = ) seedlings bearing double and quite sterile flowers; but they likew ...
Symbiosis and the Origin of Species
... fortuitously came upon CI in intraspeciÞc crosses among geographic races (some only miles apart) that showed complex incompatibility relationships. In fact, he found approximately 15 different “crossing types” within the C. pipiens complex (Laven, 1959). He viewed these crossing types as evidence th ...
... fortuitously came upon CI in intraspeciÞc crosses among geographic races (some only miles apart) that showed complex incompatibility relationships. In fact, he found approximately 15 different “crossing types” within the C. pipiens complex (Laven, 1959). He viewed these crossing types as evidence th ...
What controls the type of larval development? Summary statement
... is why small adults and colonies with small zooids and high surface area are often brooders, and few large solitary animals are brooders. Crustaceans include major exceptions, but for the Malacostraca, limbs and relatively large eggs provide unusually effective mechanisms for retention and ventilati ...
... is why small adults and colonies with small zooids and high surface area are often brooders, and few large solitary animals are brooders. Crustaceans include major exceptions, but for the Malacostraca, limbs and relatively large eggs provide unusually effective mechanisms for retention and ventilati ...