Pap and HPV Testing
... accurate. Sometimes a patient can be told that she has abnormal cells when the cells are actually normal (a false-positive result), or she can be told that her cells are normal when in fact there is an abnormality that was not detected (a false-negative result). Cervical cancer screening has another ...
... accurate. Sometimes a patient can be told that she has abnormal cells when the cells are actually normal (a false-positive result), or she can be told that her cells are normal when in fact there is an abnormality that was not detected (a false-negative result). Cervical cancer screening has another ...
Myc increases self-renewal in neural progenitor cells through Miz-1
... Stem cells ensure the turnover capacity of a tissue throughout the lifespan of an individual. Mammalian neurogenesis takes place mostly during embryonic development and early childhood but some renewing activity is maintained through adulthood (Bhardwaj et al., 2006; Morshead et al., 1998; Suhonen e ...
... Stem cells ensure the turnover capacity of a tissue throughout the lifespan of an individual. Mammalian neurogenesis takes place mostly during embryonic development and early childhood but some renewing activity is maintained through adulthood (Bhardwaj et al., 2006; Morshead et al., 1998; Suhonen e ...
Secondary embryonic axis formation by
... ectoderm, which is derived from 2d11 (Nakamoto et al., 2000). Secondary axis formation by transplantation of 2d and 4d The ablation/restoration experiment shows that the D quadrant micromeres 2d11 and 4d are essential for embryonic axis formation, but it does not necessarily verify a long-held view ...
... ectoderm, which is derived from 2d11 (Nakamoto et al., 2000). Secondary axis formation by transplantation of 2d and 4d The ablation/restoration experiment shows that the D quadrant micromeres 2d11 and 4d are essential for embryonic axis formation, but it does not necessarily verify a long-held view ...
Yeast longevity and aging—the mitochondrial connection
... for stem cell aging. The renewal of many tissues requires the function of stem cells. This renewal is critical for maintenance of function as the organism ages. However, it is essential that the cells that the stem cells produce are pristine and possess full functional ability. Our studies show that ...
... for stem cell aging. The renewal of many tissues requires the function of stem cells. This renewal is critical for maintenance of function as the organism ages. However, it is essential that the cells that the stem cells produce are pristine and possess full functional ability. Our studies show that ...
Assembly of Trunk and Limb Blood Vessels Involves Extensive
... not made. This was in part due to the lack of a marker to visualize host vascular cells, which prevented clear determination of the source of the cells that made up individual vessels. It seemed feasible to address questions of angioblast migration and assembly using mammalian tissue as a source of ...
... not made. This was in part due to the lack of a marker to visualize host vascular cells, which prevented clear determination of the source of the cells that made up individual vessels. It seemed feasible to address questions of angioblast migration and assembly using mammalian tissue as a source of ...
Isolates of Vaccinia Virus Strains, Smallpox Vaccines, and Zoonotic
... sciences). Analysis was done using FlowJo software (Tree Star). Events were gated for live lymphocytes on forward scatter by side scatter followed by CD8+ T cells using CD8 by side scatter and displayed as CD8 by IFN-g. Data were recorded as IFN-g+, CD8+ cells as a percentage of total CD8+ cells. Ba ...
... sciences). Analysis was done using FlowJo software (Tree Star). Events were gated for live lymphocytes on forward scatter by side scatter followed by CD8+ T cells using CD8 by side scatter and displayed as CD8 by IFN-g. Data were recorded as IFN-g+, CD8+ cells as a percentage of total CD8+ cells. Ba ...
How to Study and Exploit microRNAs for Gene Therapy Bernhard Gentner, M.D.
... microRNA: an abundant class of non-coding RNA • >700 miRNA species known in human, most are highly conserved in mammals • negatively regulate HALF of ALL mRNA transcripts by • directing mRNA destruction • inhibiting translation • extent of regulation of single targets may seem minor (in general 2-3 ...
... microRNA: an abundant class of non-coding RNA • >700 miRNA species known in human, most are highly conserved in mammals • negatively regulate HALF of ALL mRNA transcripts by • directing mRNA destruction • inhibiting translation • extent of regulation of single targets may seem minor (in general 2-3 ...
The cell cycle and pluripotency
... †Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/Medical Research Council (MRC) Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, U.K. ...
... †Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/Medical Research Council (MRC) Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, U.K. ...
Regulatory B cells in autoimmune diseases
... diseases because B cells produce autoantibodies that cause target tissue damage.26 However, autoantibodies can also exert a protective effect via the clearance of apoptotic cells and reduction of autoantigen load.27 Moreover, B cells also act as antigen-presenting cells, which are cells that contrib ...
... diseases because B cells produce autoantibodies that cause target tissue damage.26 However, autoantibodies can also exert a protective effect via the clearance of apoptotic cells and reduction of autoantigen load.27 Moreover, B cells also act as antigen-presenting cells, which are cells that contrib ...
The onset of pigment epithelial proliferation after retinal
... The adult mammalian retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is mitotically inactive, yet retains the capacity to proliferate under certain conditions. To determine the onset of RPE proliferation after retinal detachment, toe examined experimentally detached cat retinas of 12, 24, 48, and 72 hr duration. An ...
... The adult mammalian retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is mitotically inactive, yet retains the capacity to proliferate under certain conditions. To determine the onset of RPE proliferation after retinal detachment, toe examined experimentally detached cat retinas of 12, 24, 48, and 72 hr duration. An ...
Fig 1.
... Immunoprecipitation of HA-tagged APP-EGFP stably expressed in H4 cells was performed as we previously described [20]. Briefly, H4 cells were washed in cold PBS and subjected to lysis at 4°C in lysis buffer. APP was immunoprecipitated from soluble extracts with a rabbit polyclonal antibody anti-GFP, ...
... Immunoprecipitation of HA-tagged APP-EGFP stably expressed in H4 cells was performed as we previously described [20]. Briefly, H4 cells were washed in cold PBS and subjected to lysis at 4°C in lysis buffer. APP was immunoprecipitated from soluble extracts with a rabbit polyclonal antibody anti-GFP, ...
Root Border-Like Cells of Arabidopsis. Microscopical
... Plant roots of many species produce thousands of cells that are released daily into the rhizosphere. These cells are commonly termed border cells because of their major role in constituting a biotic boundary layer between the root surface and the soil. In this study, we investigated the occurrence a ...
... Plant roots of many species produce thousands of cells that are released daily into the rhizosphere. These cells are commonly termed border cells because of their major role in constituting a biotic boundary layer between the root surface and the soil. In this study, we investigated the occurrence a ...
PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH IN PLANT DISEASE
... cellular terms, however, is exactly the converse: it is pervasive, organized, rational, and leads to organismal balance, both in development and in response to stress. To achieve and maintain homeostasis, cells in multicellular organisms self-destruct when they are no longer needed or if they are da ...
... cellular terms, however, is exactly the converse: it is pervasive, organized, rational, and leads to organismal balance, both in development and in response to stress. To achieve and maintain homeostasis, cells in multicellular organisms self-destruct when they are no longer needed or if they are da ...
Bronchial Epithelial Cell-Derived Prostaglandin E2 Dampens the
... and respond to microbes by induction of immunological mediators. It has been proposed that epithelial cells create an anti-inflammatory microenvironment that modulates the phenotype of local APCs (4). Similar observations within the intestine support the concept that the local microenvironment of in ...
... and respond to microbes by induction of immunological mediators. It has been proposed that epithelial cells create an anti-inflammatory microenvironment that modulates the phenotype of local APCs (4). Similar observations within the intestine support the concept that the local microenvironment of in ...
dextran by suspension-cultured plant cells
... Evidence for fluid-phase endocytosis in plants has come from experiments using the small fluorescent dye Lucifer Yellow CH (Mr —500), which is negatively charged at physiological pH and hence membrane-impermeant (Oparka and Prior, 1988, Oparka et al. 1988; Hillmer et al. 1989; Wright and Oparka, 198 ...
... Evidence for fluid-phase endocytosis in plants has come from experiments using the small fluorescent dye Lucifer Yellow CH (Mr —500), which is negatively charged at physiological pH and hence membrane-impermeant (Oparka and Prior, 1988, Oparka et al. 1988; Hillmer et al. 1989; Wright and Oparka, 198 ...
(6R)-hydroxy-BFA in tobacco and Arabidopsis
... (6R)-hydroxy-BFA elicits a BFA-like effect on tobacco protoplasts but not on Arabidopsis (6R)-hydroxy-BFA, which shows BFA-like effects on mammalian cells (Förster et al., 2011), also caused a typical BFA-phenotype when applied to tobacco mesophyll protoplasts (Fig. 3, compare f and g). However, it ...
... (6R)-hydroxy-BFA elicits a BFA-like effect on tobacco protoplasts but not on Arabidopsis (6R)-hydroxy-BFA, which shows BFA-like effects on mammalian cells (Förster et al., 2011), also caused a typical BFA-phenotype when applied to tobacco mesophyll protoplasts (Fig. 3, compare f and g). However, it ...
Hormones
... digestive system. Exocrine glands include those that release sweat, tears, and digestive enzymes. ...
... digestive system. Exocrine glands include those that release sweat, tears, and digestive enzymes. ...
Biopsy of Skin Rashes and Non
... either difficult or impossible. Biopsies should be taken from an early blistering lesion and include some apparently normal adjacent skin to allow better analysis of the level of the split. In many, if not all cases, a second biopsy should be taken for immunofluorescence studies. The diagnostic feat ...
... either difficult or impossible. Biopsies should be taken from an early blistering lesion and include some apparently normal adjacent skin to allow better analysis of the level of the split. In many, if not all cases, a second biopsy should be taken for immunofluorescence studies. The diagnostic feat ...
Developmental genetics of the Caenorhabditis elegans pharynx
... FIGURE 2 | Overview of pharyngeal development. All pharyngeal cells are descendants of the ABa and MS cells which are born after 2 and 3 cell divisions of the zygote, respectively (a). ABa will produce 49 pharyngeal cells while MS will produce 39. These cells are born and migrate during gastrulation ...
... FIGURE 2 | Overview of pharyngeal development. All pharyngeal cells are descendants of the ABa and MS cells which are born after 2 and 3 cell divisions of the zygote, respectively (a). ABa will produce 49 pharyngeal cells while MS will produce 39. These cells are born and migrate during gastrulation ...
Comparison of Properties of Medial Entorhinal Cortex
... grid cell firing. Recent in vivo studies also suggest that cholinergic activation influences grid cell firing. Here we investigated the anatomical distribution of firing frequency adaptation, the medium spike after hyperpolarization potential (mAHP), subthreshold membrane potential oscillations, sag ...
... grid cell firing. Recent in vivo studies also suggest that cholinergic activation influences grid cell firing. Here we investigated the anatomical distribution of firing frequency adaptation, the medium spike after hyperpolarization potential (mAHP), subthreshold membrane potential oscillations, sag ...
Bell Work: What is the fundamental unit of life?
... The Golgi apparatus consists of flattened membranous sacs called cisternae Functions of the Golgi apparatus ◦ Modifies products of the ER ◦ Manufactures certain macromolecules ◦ Sorts and packages materials into transport vesicles ...
... The Golgi apparatus consists of flattened membranous sacs called cisternae Functions of the Golgi apparatus ◦ Modifies products of the ER ◦ Manufactures certain macromolecules ◦ Sorts and packages materials into transport vesicles ...
Plasmodesmata-Mediated Cell-to-Cell Communication in the Shoot
... there. It is widely accepted that macromolecular signals such as TFs and small non-coding RNA (sRNAs) act as mobile signals that are actively and selectively transported to target cells through PD to specify their fates [18]. Around twenty years ago, the first mobile signal moving between cells via ...
... there. It is widely accepted that macromolecular signals such as TFs and small non-coding RNA (sRNAs) act as mobile signals that are actively and selectively transported to target cells through PD to specify their fates [18]. Around twenty years ago, the first mobile signal moving between cells via ...
Cell Structure and Function
... 1. Active Transport: Requires ATP (energy) 2. Passive Transport: Doesn’t require ATP (energy) • Concentration Gradient: the difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another – Molecules move from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration – If high conc ...
... 1. Active Transport: Requires ATP (energy) 2. Passive Transport: Doesn’t require ATP (energy) • Concentration Gradient: the difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another – Molecules move from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration – If high conc ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.