Maternal Daily Diary Report in the Assessment of Childhood
... crying, avoidance). The convergent validity of diaries with established measures of anxiety symptoms and associated impairment (e.g., child quality of life) remains to be evaluated. It is also important to determine whether diaries can provide information of clinical relevance beyond what is provide ...
... crying, avoidance). The convergent validity of diaries with established measures of anxiety symptoms and associated impairment (e.g., child quality of life) remains to be evaluated. It is also important to determine whether diaries can provide information of clinical relevance beyond what is provide ...
The Emotional Impact of Disaster on Children and Families
... outcome of a process involving developmental factors, promotive and protective influences and vulnerabilities in the person and the ecological system. Resilience is a dynamic concept that can be used to describe processes within a person (e.g., stress-response system or the immune system), or in lar ...
... outcome of a process involving developmental factors, promotive and protective influences and vulnerabilities in the person and the ecological system. Resilience is a dynamic concept that can be used to describe processes within a person (e.g., stress-response system or the immune system), or in lar ...
Social Referencing as a Learned Process
... pictured monkey faces "looking back" than at faces "looking away." Again, it is difficult to see how these findings bear directly on the issue of whether or not the macaque or human mother's emotional facial reaction has innate meaning for her infant. ...
... pictured monkey faces "looking back" than at faces "looking away." Again, it is difficult to see how these findings bear directly on the issue of whether or not the macaque or human mother's emotional facial reaction has innate meaning for her infant. ...
Attachment as a Mediator of Eating Disorder
... The quality of early caregiving leads to a child adopting one of various identifiable attachment strategies. Attachment quality during infancy is best ascertained utilizing the Strange Situation Procedure (Ainsworth, 1969), which creates a reliable index of infant behavior in response to stress (i.e ...
... The quality of early caregiving leads to a child adopting one of various identifiable attachment strategies. Attachment quality during infancy is best ascertained utilizing the Strange Situation Procedure (Ainsworth, 1969), which creates a reliable index of infant behavior in response to stress (i.e ...
A Proposal for Research - Adult Survivors CAN Sustain Recovery
... see the distress such people suffer from as a normal reaction to abnormal events in social relationships – in any event the effects induced often cause people to suffer, often for the rest of their lives. The bulk of information collected will be quantitative. The proposed research takes the form of ...
... see the distress such people suffer from as a normal reaction to abnormal events in social relationships – in any event the effects induced often cause people to suffer, often for the rest of their lives. The bulk of information collected will be quantitative. The proposed research takes the form of ...
Chapter 4: Life Span Development SW
... development is happening this moment and will continue, minute by minute, for the rest of your life. Who you are today and who you will be in the future depends on a blend of genetics, environment, culture, relationships, and more, as you continue through each phase of life. You have experienced rs ...
... development is happening this moment and will continue, minute by minute, for the rest of your life. Who you are today and who you will be in the future depends on a blend of genetics, environment, culture, relationships, and more, as you continue through each phase of life. You have experienced rs ...
For more information on accessing electronic
... data analyses. Results indicated that physical abuse was significantly associated with greater adolescent suicidal ideation, while a higher level of perceived family functioning was significantly associated with lower suicidal ideation. However, psychological abuse was not associated with suicidal i ...
... data analyses. Results indicated that physical abuse was significantly associated with greater adolescent suicidal ideation, while a higher level of perceived family functioning was significantly associated with lower suicidal ideation. However, psychological abuse was not associated with suicidal i ...
Building Resilience - Child Centred Practice
... 2. Evaluate the influence of each aspect of resilience on health outcomes taking into account the specific context in which it is found. Interventions need to be sensitive to which aspect of resilience, in a specific context, will have the greatest impact on a particular population. 3. Intervene in ...
... 2. Evaluate the influence of each aspect of resilience on health outcomes taking into account the specific context in which it is found. Interventions need to be sensitive to which aspect of resilience, in a specific context, will have the greatest impact on a particular population. 3. Intervene in ...
Clinical observations of the differences between children
... general population of children at 1–1.5 per cent (BaronCohen and Scott, 2009). As well as problems related to a lack of access to CAMHS, perhaps part of this may be because there is a bias against understanding their behaviour through attachment theory. Some children who are permanently looked after ...
... general population of children at 1–1.5 per cent (BaronCohen and Scott, 2009). As well as problems related to a lack of access to CAMHS, perhaps part of this may be because there is a bias against understanding their behaviour through attachment theory. Some children who are permanently looked after ...
Reactive Attachment Disorder
... AACAP, 2005). This makes Reactive Attachment Disorder a relatively new diagnosis; and, despite over 50 years of research on the importance of human relationships in child development (e.g., Bowlby, 1944; Spitz, 1950), the diagnosis was created and refined without empirical evidence for the diagnosti ...
... AACAP, 2005). This makes Reactive Attachment Disorder a relatively new diagnosis; and, despite over 50 years of research on the importance of human relationships in child development (e.g., Bowlby, 1944; Spitz, 1950), the diagnosis was created and refined without empirical evidence for the diagnosti ...
Clinical Guidelines Series, 2009: Reactive Attachment Disorder March 16, 2009
... AACAP, 2005). This makes Reactive Attachment Disorder a relatively new diagnosis; and, despite over 50 years of research on the importance of human relationships in child development (e.g., Bowlby, 1944; Spitz, 1950), the diagnosis was created and refined without empirical evidence for the diagnosti ...
... AACAP, 2005). This makes Reactive Attachment Disorder a relatively new diagnosis; and, despite over 50 years of research on the importance of human relationships in child development (e.g., Bowlby, 1944; Spitz, 1950), the diagnosis was created and refined without empirical evidence for the diagnosti ...
Trauma Presentation - Maryland Department of Human Resources
... emotions resulting from knowledge about a • Those with enormous capacity for empathy for traumatizing event experienced by a others tend to be more at risk significant other. It is the stress resulting • Who can be affected? from helping or wanting to help a traumatized or suffering person” (Figley, ...
... emotions resulting from knowledge about a • Those with enormous capacity for empathy for traumatizing event experienced by a others tend to be more at risk significant other. It is the stress resulting • Who can be affected? from helping or wanting to help a traumatized or suffering person” (Figley, ...
Relationship-related obsessive- compulsive phenomena: The case
... The cognitive substrate of relationship-related OC phenomena Cognitive behavioural models stipulate the central role of dysfunctional appraisals of internal or external stimuli in the development and maintenance of OCD related disorders. According to such models (e.g., Rachman, 1997; Storch, Abramow ...
... The cognitive substrate of relationship-related OC phenomena Cognitive behavioural models stipulate the central role of dysfunctional appraisals of internal or external stimuli in the development and maintenance of OCD related disorders. According to such models (e.g., Rachman, 1997; Storch, Abramow ...
Developmental Psychology
... Nothing is more natural than a species reproducing itself. Yet nothing is more wondrous. With humans, the process starts when a woman‘s ovary releases a mature egg—a cell roughly the size of the period at the end of this sentence. The woman was born with all the immature eggs she would ever have, al ...
... Nothing is more natural than a species reproducing itself. Yet nothing is more wondrous. With humans, the process starts when a woman‘s ovary releases a mature egg—a cell roughly the size of the period at the end of this sentence. The woman was born with all the immature eggs she would ever have, al ...
Donald Winnicott - University of Winchester
... An implication of Winnicott’s extended concept of holding is that dependency itself must change with maturity, so that the form of holding appropriate to one form of dependency may no longer offer an adequate form of holding in a new situation. Anti-social behaviour is, at root, a cry for help - a s ...
... An implication of Winnicott’s extended concept of holding is that dependency itself must change with maturity, so that the form of holding appropriate to one form of dependency may no longer offer an adequate form of holding in a new situation. Anti-social behaviour is, at root, a cry for help - a s ...
Child Affected by Parental Relationship Distress
... by Teicher and Samson, exposure to child maltreatment is a risk factor for the development of numerous mental disorders in childhood as well as adulthood.5 In their article, they summarize studies that show differential brain changes, pathophysiology, and treatment outcomes for patients with similar ...
... by Teicher and Samson, exposure to child maltreatment is a risk factor for the development of numerous mental disorders in childhood as well as adulthood.5 In their article, they summarize studies that show differential brain changes, pathophysiology, and treatment outcomes for patients with similar ...
Knowledge Check Answers
... NSI concerns what is ‘normal’ or typical behaviour for a social group (i.e. norms). NSI is an emotional rather than cognitive process – people prefer social approval rather than rejection. It is important with people you know rather than strangers because people are concerned about the social appr ...
... NSI concerns what is ‘normal’ or typical behaviour for a social group (i.e. norms). NSI is an emotional rather than cognitive process – people prefer social approval rather than rejection. It is important with people you know rather than strangers because people are concerned about the social appr ...
Document
... So how does complexity theory differ from traditional systems theory and how might it enhance practice? Unlike systems theory, complexity theory applies to complex adaptive systems. A systems theory approach suggests that by knowing about the component parts of the system, and by analyzing how these ...
... So how does complexity theory differ from traditional systems theory and how might it enhance practice? Unlike systems theory, complexity theory applies to complex adaptive systems. A systems theory approach suggests that by knowing about the component parts of the system, and by analyzing how these ...
Developmental Psychology
... d?doi=10.1.1.324.2280&rep=rep1&type=pdf • Attachment patterns in stable couples tend to be secure; attachment patterns seem to be flexible and may change; the relationship, stable and satisfying or negative, can lead to a change in internal working models of self and others. ...
... d?doi=10.1.1.324.2280&rep=rep1&type=pdf • Attachment patterns in stable couples tend to be secure; attachment patterns seem to be flexible and may change; the relationship, stable and satisfying or negative, can lead to a change in internal working models of self and others. ...
Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children
... caregivers (Smyke et al., 2002; Tizard and Rees, 1975). Nevertheless, we do not know what the limits of their adaptability are, that is, how many attachment figures an infant can have without problems ensuing. Preferred attachments to caregivers may develop at any time after infants reach a developme ...
... caregivers (Smyke et al., 2002; Tizard and Rees, 1975). Nevertheless, we do not know what the limits of their adaptability are, that is, how many attachment figures an infant can have without problems ensuing. Preferred attachments to caregivers may develop at any time after infants reach a developme ...
- Journal of the American Academy of Child and
... caregivers (Smyke et al., 2002; Tizard and Rees, 1975). Nevertheless, we do not know what the limits of their adaptability are, that is, how many attachment figures an infant can have without problems ensuing. Preferred attachments to caregivers may develop at any time after infants reach a developm ...
... caregivers (Smyke et al., 2002; Tizard and Rees, 1975). Nevertheless, we do not know what the limits of their adaptability are, that is, how many attachment figures an infant can have without problems ensuing. Preferred attachments to caregivers may develop at any time after infants reach a developm ...
Perinatal mental health
... Stress/anxiety Pregnancy and the puerperium are normal life events, yet they are periods in a woman's life when her vulnerability exposes her to a significant amount of anxiety and stress. Stress during pregnancy is both essential and normal for the psychological adjustment of pregnant women. ...
... Stress/anxiety Pregnancy and the puerperium are normal life events, yet they are periods in a woman's life when her vulnerability exposes her to a significant amount of anxiety and stress. Stress during pregnancy is both essential and normal for the psychological adjustment of pregnant women. ...
Obsessive compulsive disorder: A review of possible specific
... unwanted thoughts, images, or impulses that intrude into consciousness and give rise to active resistance. Compulsions are defined as deliberate, repetitive and rigid behaviors or mental acts that a person performs, often in response to obsessions, in order to prevent or reduce anxiety, distress or ...
... unwanted thoughts, images, or impulses that intrude into consciousness and give rise to active resistance. Compulsions are defined as deliberate, repetitive and rigid behaviors or mental acts that a person performs, often in response to obsessions, in order to prevent or reduce anxiety, distress or ...
Reactive Attachment Disorder A Guide to the Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Treatment
... Other traumatic experiences, such as natural disaster Postpartum depression in the baby’s mother Parents who have a mental illness, anger management problems, or drug or alcohol abuse ...
... Other traumatic experiences, such as natural disaster Postpartum depression in the baby’s mother Parents who have a mental illness, anger management problems, or drug or alcohol abuse ...
Parental empathy and child maltreatment
... empathy and child maltreatment? Low levels of parental empathy have been associated with parental aggression towards one’s child.4 As child abuse is clearly a form of aggression, researchers have looked to existing models of aggression which highlight empathy as an important factor to understand the ...
... empathy and child maltreatment? Low levels of parental empathy have been associated with parental aggression towards one’s child.4 As child abuse is clearly a form of aggression, researchers have looked to existing models of aggression which highlight empathy as an important factor to understand the ...
Maternal deprivation
The term maternal deprivation is a catch-phrase summarising the early work of psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, John Bowlby on the effects of separating infants and young children from their mother (or mother substitute) although the effect of loss of the mother on the developing child had been considered earlier by Freud and other theorists. Bowlby's work on delinquent and affectionless children and the effects of hospital and institutional care lead to his being commissioned to write the World Health Organisation's report on the mental health of homeless children in post-war Europe whilst he was head of the Department for Children and Parents at the Tavistock Clinic in London after World War II. The result was the monograph Maternal Care and Mental Health published in 1951, which sets out the maternal deprivation hypothesis.Bowlby drew together such empirical evidence as existed at the time from across Europe and the USA, including Spitz (1946) and Goldfarb (1943, 1945). His main conclusions, that ""the infant and young child should experience a warm, intimate, and continuous relationship with his mother (or permanent mother substitute) in which both find satisfaction and enjoyment"" and that not to do so might have significant and irreversible mental health consequences, were both controversial and influential. The monograph was published in 14 different languages and sold over 400,000 copies in the English version alone. Bowlby's work went beyond the suggestions of Otto Rank and Ian Suttie that mothering care was essential for development, and focused on the potential outcomes for children deprived of such care.The 1951 WHO publication was highly influential in causing widespread changes in the practices and prevalence of institutional care for infants and children, and in changing practices relating to the stays of small children in hospitals so that parents were allowed more frequent and longer visits. Although the monograph was primarily concerned with the removal of children from their homes it was also used for political purposes to discourage women from working and leaving their children in daycare by governments concerned about maximising employment for returned and returning servicemen. The publication was also highly controversial with, amongst others, psychoanalysts, psychologists and learning theorists, and sparked significant debate and research on the issue of children's early relationships.The limited empirical data and lack of comprehensive theory to account for the conclusions in Maternal Care and Mental Health led to the subsequent formulation of attachment theory by Bowlby. Following the publication of Maternal Care and Mental Health Bowlby sought new understanding from such fields as evolutionary biology, ethology, developmental psychology, cognitive science and control systems theory and drew upon them to formulate the innovative proposition that the mechanisms underlying an infant's ties emerged as a result of evolutionary pressure. Bowlby claimed to have made good the ""deficiencies of the data and the lack of theory to link alleged cause and effect"" in Maternal Care and Mental Health in his later work Attachment and Loss published between 1969 and 1980.Although the central tenet of maternal deprivation theory—that children's experiences of interpersonal relationships are crucial to their psychological development and that the formation of an ongoing relationship with the child is as important a part of parenting as the provision of experiences, discipline and child care—has become generally accepted, ""maternal deprivation"" as a discrete syndrome is not a concept that is much in current use other than in relation to severe deprivation as in ""failure to thrive"". In the area of early relationships it has largely been superseded by attachment theory and other theories relating to even earlier infant–parent interactions. As a concept, parental deficiencies are seen as a vulnerability factor for, rather than a direct cause of, later difficulties. In relation to institutional care there has been a great deal of subsequent research on the individual elements of privation, deprivation, understimulation and deficiencies that may arise from institutional care.