Integr. Comp. Biol., 43:55–63 Epithelium—the primary building block
... must be considered the default type in the Eumetazoa because it arises first in embryonic development and because mesenchyme arises from it by a switching off of the mechanisms that underly differentiation and maintenance of epithelial cells. In the few model metazoans whose epithelia have been stud ...
... must be considered the default type in the Eumetazoa because it arises first in embryonic development and because mesenchyme arises from it by a switching off of the mechanisms that underly differentiation and maintenance of epithelial cells. In the few model metazoans whose epithelia have been stud ...
The Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor KRP6 Induces Mitosis and
... To evaluate the effects of ectopic KRP6 expression on M. incognita–induced gall ontogeny, independent KRP6OE Arabidopsis lines were generated (Supplemental Figure 4), showing a serrated leaf phenotype and the expected nuclear localization of the KRP6 protein. For RKN infection, one out of the 10 KRP ...
... To evaluate the effects of ectopic KRP6 expression on M. incognita–induced gall ontogeny, independent KRP6OE Arabidopsis lines were generated (Supplemental Figure 4), showing a serrated leaf phenotype and the expected nuclear localization of the KRP6 protein. For RKN infection, one out of the 10 KRP ...
Cell Membrane - WasmundScience
... pores in the membrane proteins this process is known as endocytosis. In this process the membrane itself wraps around the particle and pinches off a vesicle inside the cell. In this animation an ameba engulfs a food particle. ...
... pores in the membrane proteins this process is known as endocytosis. In this process the membrane itself wraps around the particle and pinches off a vesicle inside the cell. In this animation an ameba engulfs a food particle. ...
Sense and sensitivity: physical limits to multicellular sensing
... impossible. Consequently, the time period for measuring the chemical concentration, T in Eq. 1, would be so short that the bacterium would be unable to make an accurate measurement of the chemical concentration. B. ...
... impossible. Consequently, the time period for measuring the chemical concentration, T in Eq. 1, would be so short that the bacterium would be unable to make an accurate measurement of the chemical concentration. B. ...
Cell Membrane
... pores in the membrane proteins this process is known as endocytosis. In this process the membrane itself wraps around the particle and pinches off a vesicle inside the cell. In this animation an ameba engulfs a food particle. ...
... pores in the membrane proteins this process is known as endocytosis. In this process the membrane itself wraps around the particle and pinches off a vesicle inside the cell. In this animation an ameba engulfs a food particle. ...
Mutant p53 and chromatin regulation
... strategy for treating tumours involving gainof-function p53? Zhu et al. showed that two inhibitors of MLL-complex formation block proliferation in cells expressing mutant p53, but do not affect those lacking p53. Eliminating gain-of-function p53 or interfering with its mechanism of action can have a ...
... strategy for treating tumours involving gainof-function p53? Zhu et al. showed that two inhibitors of MLL-complex formation block proliferation in cells expressing mutant p53, but do not affect those lacking p53. Eliminating gain-of-function p53 or interfering with its mechanism of action can have a ...
C. elegans MCM-4 is a general DNA replication and
... development of progeny from heterozygous parents from the early L1 stage onward. Homozygous lin-6 mutant larvae initiated postembryonic blast cell divisions at the same time as their heterozygous and wild-type siblings (data not shown). The 12 P precursor cells produced on average 27 ± 3.1 SD daught ...
... development of progeny from heterozygous parents from the early L1 stage onward. Homozygous lin-6 mutant larvae initiated postembryonic blast cell divisions at the same time as their heterozygous and wild-type siblings (data not shown). The 12 P precursor cells produced on average 27 ± 3.1 SD daught ...
The Euglena
... Euglena are unicellular organisms classified into the Kingdom Protista, and the Phylum Euglenophyta. All euglena have chloroplasts and can make their own food by photosynthesis. They are not completely autotrophic though, euglena can also absorb food from their environment; euglena usually live in q ...
... Euglena are unicellular organisms classified into the Kingdom Protista, and the Phylum Euglenophyta. All euglena have chloroplasts and can make their own food by photosynthesis. They are not completely autotrophic though, euglena can also absorb food from their environment; euglena usually live in q ...
Cell Wall
... The cell wall is the tough, flexible but sometimes fairly rigid layer that surrounds some types of cells. It is located outside the cell membrane and provides these cells with structural support and protection, in addition to acting as a filtering mechanism. A major function of the cell wall is to a ...
... The cell wall is the tough, flexible but sometimes fairly rigid layer that surrounds some types of cells. It is located outside the cell membrane and provides these cells with structural support and protection, in addition to acting as a filtering mechanism. A major function of the cell wall is to a ...
chromosomes
... In unicellular organisms, division of one cell reproduces the entire organism Cell division enables multicellular eukaryotes to develop from a single cell and, once fully grown, to renew, repair, or replace cells as needed Cell division is an integral part of the cell cycle, the life of a cel ...
... In unicellular organisms, division of one cell reproduces the entire organism Cell division enables multicellular eukaryotes to develop from a single cell and, once fully grown, to renew, repair, or replace cells as needed Cell division is an integral part of the cell cycle, the life of a cel ...
Intro animals and sponges 2009 - The Bronx High School of Science
... •eukaryotic •ingestive heterotrophs •multi-cellular •have tissues that develop from embryonic layers •nervous and muscle tissue are unique •bodies held together by structural proteins (e.g. collagen) ...
... •eukaryotic •ingestive heterotrophs •multi-cellular •have tissues that develop from embryonic layers •nervous and muscle tissue are unique •bodies held together by structural proteins (e.g. collagen) ...
Recent developments in atomic force microscopy for underwater
... nanometer scale with no complex sample preparation or perturbation. In 1997, Baker et al. first reported AFM measurements of the surfaces of the Valonia cellulose crystals [1]. Kirby et al. performed AFM measurements on several different plant cell wall materials [2]. They demonstrated the feasibili ...
... nanometer scale with no complex sample preparation or perturbation. In 1997, Baker et al. first reported AFM measurements of the surfaces of the Valonia cellulose crystals [1]. Kirby et al. performed AFM measurements on several different plant cell wall materials [2]. They demonstrated the feasibili ...
Control of the Cell Cycle in Early Embryos
... cycle and arrest at the G2/M border of meiosis I. In clams, fertilization provides the extracellular signal that breaks this cell cycle arrest and initiates a series of rapid cell division cycles. In this paper, we consider two aspects of this process: the rapid, one-time activation of a member of t ...
... cycle and arrest at the G2/M border of meiosis I. In clams, fertilization provides the extracellular signal that breaks this cell cycle arrest and initiates a series of rapid cell division cycles. In this paper, we consider two aspects of this process: the rapid, one-time activation of a member of t ...
Coupling cellular oscillators—circadian and cell division cycles in cyanobacteria Bernardo F Pando
... dark cycles. The question of how the cell division machinery is affected by this player was still open. Following up on this work, Mackey et al. [24] reported a screen based on the yeast two-hybrid assay, with which they identified the gene CdpA that interacts with CikA and has an effect on the elo ...
... dark cycles. The question of how the cell division machinery is affected by this player was still open. Following up on this work, Mackey et al. [24] reported a screen based on the yeast two-hybrid assay, with which they identified the gene CdpA that interacts with CikA and has an effect on the elo ...
Measuring the Mechanical Properties of Living Cells Using
... 7. Perform calibration of the InvOLS as described above, for the cantilever sensitivity in the liquid environment. Note: a) If cells are cultured on hydrogels, the calibration of InvOLS should be performed in advance against the bottom surface of a culture dish filled with cell culture media. When s ...
... 7. Perform calibration of the InvOLS as described above, for the cantilever sensitivity in the liquid environment. Note: a) If cells are cultured on hydrogels, the calibration of InvOLS should be performed in advance against the bottom surface of a culture dish filled with cell culture media. When s ...
Slide 1
... Mg2+ is important to maintain integrity of nucleus & ribosomes. Alternately, when membrane proteases need to be inactivated EDTA or EGTA are added to medium that cause chelation of Mg2+ & Ca2+. ...
... Mg2+ is important to maintain integrity of nucleus & ribosomes. Alternately, when membrane proteases need to be inactivated EDTA or EGTA are added to medium that cause chelation of Mg2+ & Ca2+. ...
Stomatal development: cross talk puts mouths in place
... fates. Some recommit to the stomatal pathway and divide asymmetrically. Others do not divide and instead differentiate into pavement cells (PCs). How these cell fate choices are selected is largely undefined, although cell age is one factor. In young complexes, such as those around a meristemoid, al ...
... fates. Some recommit to the stomatal pathway and divide asymmetrically. Others do not divide and instead differentiate into pavement cells (PCs). How these cell fate choices are selected is largely undefined, although cell age is one factor. In young complexes, such as those around a meristemoid, al ...
Cell Lines as In Vitro Models for Drug Screening and Toxicity Studies
... ABSTRACT Cell culture is highly desirable, as it provides systems for ready, direct access and evaluation of tissues. The use of tissue culture is a valuable tool to study problems of clinical relevance, especially those related to diseases, screening, and studies of cell toxicity mechanisms. Ready ...
... ABSTRACT Cell culture is highly desirable, as it provides systems for ready, direct access and evaluation of tissues. The use of tissue culture is a valuable tool to study problems of clinical relevance, especially those related to diseases, screening, and studies of cell toxicity mechanisms. Ready ...
The Cellular Level of Organization
... GENERALIZED ANIMAL CELL It is at the cellular level or organization that activities essential to life occur and where disease processes originate. A cell is the basic, living, structural, and functional unit of the body. All animal cells have four anatomical features in common. Name them. ...
... GENERALIZED ANIMAL CELL It is at the cellular level or organization that activities essential to life occur and where disease processes originate. A cell is the basic, living, structural, and functional unit of the body. All animal cells have four anatomical features in common. Name them. ...
In This Issue - The Journal of Cell Biology
... that the conoid is made of tubulin, but cross section. not in the form of classical microtubules. Hu et al. also found that the conoid In addition to describing a previously fibers are assembled rapidly during the unknown form of cytoskeletal structure, early phases of cell division. The flattened t ...
... that the conoid is made of tubulin, but cross section. not in the form of classical microtubules. Hu et al. also found that the conoid In addition to describing a previously fibers are assembled rapidly during the unknown form of cytoskeletal structure, early phases of cell division. The flattened t ...
A Late Mitotic Regulatory Network Controlling
... of mitotic cyclins, the APC also catalyzes the ubiquitination of other mitotic regulatory proteins. APC-dependent degradation of the Pds1 protein of S. cerevisiae (or Cut2 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe) is required for progression from metaphase to anaphase (Cohen-Fix et al., 1996; Funabiki et al., 1 ...
... of mitotic cyclins, the APC also catalyzes the ubiquitination of other mitotic regulatory proteins. APC-dependent degradation of the Pds1 protein of S. cerevisiae (or Cut2 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe) is required for progression from metaphase to anaphase (Cohen-Fix et al., 1996; Funabiki et al., 1 ...
Fluridone affects quiescent centre division in the
... Therefore, we used a WOX5p::GFP construct to determine the general effects of fluridone on QC division and specifically whether or not fluridone stimulates QC division. Seedlings showed that WOX5p::GFP was strongly expressed in the single layer of QC cells (Fig. 2a). In contrast, seedlings grown on ...
... Therefore, we used a WOX5p::GFP construct to determine the general effects of fluridone on QC division and specifically whether or not fluridone stimulates QC division. Seedlings showed that WOX5p::GFP was strongly expressed in the single layer of QC cells (Fig. 2a). In contrast, seedlings grown on ...
Deciphering the DNA Damage Response
... The concept of a DNA-damage-dependent cell-cycle delay in eukaryotes was intuited by Tobey (Tobey, 1975) studying drug and UV-sensitive mutants in fission yeast, and the concept of a DNA damage checkpoint was first articulated by Weinert and Hartwell (Weinert and Hartwell, 1988), who demonstrated th ...
... The concept of a DNA-damage-dependent cell-cycle delay in eukaryotes was intuited by Tobey (Tobey, 1975) studying drug and UV-sensitive mutants in fission yeast, and the concept of a DNA damage checkpoint was first articulated by Weinert and Hartwell (Weinert and Hartwell, 1988), who demonstrated th ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.