Synaptic basis for intense thalamocortical activation of feedforward
... stimulation during cell-attached recordings (Fig. 1b) were subsequently found, during whole-cell recordings, to directly inhibit their paired RS cells (17/20 pairs, data not shown). Inhibitory conductances tend to suppress responsiveness, so we reasoned that relatively large Gi values might contribu ...
... stimulation during cell-attached recordings (Fig. 1b) were subsequently found, during whole-cell recordings, to directly inhibit their paired RS cells (17/20 pairs, data not shown). Inhibitory conductances tend to suppress responsiveness, so we reasoned that relatively large Gi values might contribu ...
pdf version - Michigan State University
... The majority of immunological processes are mediated by cell-to-cell contact or receptor–ligand interactions that transmit intracellular signals and affect the regulation of transcription in the nucleus. As a consequence, precursor cells develop into their respective lineages and cells differentiate ...
... The majority of immunological processes are mediated by cell-to-cell contact or receptor–ligand interactions that transmit intracellular signals and affect the regulation of transcription in the nucleus. As a consequence, precursor cells develop into their respective lineages and cells differentiate ...
Clear Cell Tumors of the Head and Neck: An
... Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) show clusters of tumor cells separated by broad bands of hyalinized stroma that may undergo myxoid or hyaline degeneration.3 Primary salivary tumors should be distinguished from clear cell metastatic tumors since they have diagnostic and therapeutic considerat ...
... Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) show clusters of tumor cells separated by broad bands of hyalinized stroma that may undergo myxoid or hyaline degeneration.3 Primary salivary tumors should be distinguished from clear cell metastatic tumors since they have diagnostic and therapeutic considerat ...
Archaea - The Ancient Oddities
... charcteristics describe Bacteria (B), Archaea (A) or Eukarya(E) – you may mark more than one letter. ...
... charcteristics describe Bacteria (B), Archaea (A) or Eukarya(E) – you may mark more than one letter. ...
eXtra Botany - Journal of Experimental Botany
... mitosis and the increase in cell elongation. The article points to the importance of post-translational modification of tubulin in the reorganization of the microtubule cytoskeleton during the life cycle of plant cells. Although microtubules within each array are apparently identical in structure, p ...
... mitosis and the increase in cell elongation. The article points to the importance of post-translational modification of tubulin in the reorganization of the microtubule cytoskeleton during the life cycle of plant cells. Although microtubules within each array are apparently identical in structure, p ...
Histone H3 Phosphorylation Is Coupled to Poly-(ADP
... that ultimately leads to oncotic cell death is premature chromatin condensation (PCC) and the ensuing mitotic catastrophe (Novak and Tyson, 1997). Because a variety of phosphatase inhibitors induce PCC (Coco-Martin and Begg, 1997), protein phosphorylation must play an important role in this process. ...
... that ultimately leads to oncotic cell death is premature chromatin condensation (PCC) and the ensuing mitotic catastrophe (Novak and Tyson, 1997). Because a variety of phosphatase inhibitors induce PCC (Coco-Martin and Begg, 1997), protein phosphorylation must play an important role in this process. ...
traffic jams affect plant development and signal transduction
... fuse to form one central vacuole 25. It is possible that these pathways overlap and share common components. The amino-acid sequences of protein families that mediate protein trafficking are conserved in plants, animals and yeast; however, it is not possible to predict their functions solely on the ...
... fuse to form one central vacuole 25. It is possible that these pathways overlap and share common components. The amino-acid sequences of protein families that mediate protein trafficking are conserved in plants, animals and yeast; however, it is not possible to predict their functions solely on the ...
BCL-6 Expression During B-Cell Activation
... distinct subgroup of DLCL that has a more favorable prognosis after chemotherapy,” although this correlation was not apparent in all studies.’ The BCL-6 protein has six Kriippel-like zinc fingers at its carboxy terminus and thus is presumably involved in transcriptional regulation.*4 In addition, BC ...
... distinct subgroup of DLCL that has a more favorable prognosis after chemotherapy,” although this correlation was not apparent in all studies.’ The BCL-6 protein has six Kriippel-like zinc fingers at its carboxy terminus and thus is presumably involved in transcriptional regulation.*4 In addition, BC ...
Wang YY, Kuang A, Russell SD, Tian HQ. 2006. In vitro fertilization
... display G2 fusion and there are a myriad of patterns expressed (Friedman 1999). Pollen may be released prior to sperm cell formation (bicellular pollen species), but even in tricellular pollen, sperm cells may be in G1, S or G2 phase and thus not necessarily in synchrony with the female gametophyte. ...
... display G2 fusion and there are a myriad of patterns expressed (Friedman 1999). Pollen may be released prior to sperm cell formation (bicellular pollen species), but even in tricellular pollen, sperm cells may be in G1, S or G2 phase and thus not necessarily in synchrony with the female gametophyte. ...
Opportunities to Explore Plant Membrane
... among them the PIN proteins (Titapiwatanakun et al., 2009), but clear resolution of these domains has been elusive. New imaging technologies will likely ...
... among them the PIN proteins (Titapiwatanakun et al., 2009), but clear resolution of these domains has been elusive. New imaging technologies will likely ...
The Evolution of Robust Development and Homeostasis in Artificial
... between these two extremes, as exemplified by organism #18 (Figure 2C and Video S3). These were all asymmetric, with a relatively stable domain and a spatially distinct domain characterised by active cell turnover. To identify the rule-based mechanisms involved in maintaining homeostasis, digital or ...
... between these two extremes, as exemplified by organism #18 (Figure 2C and Video S3). These were all asymmetric, with a relatively stable domain and a spatially distinct domain characterised by active cell turnover. To identify the rule-based mechanisms involved in maintaining homeostasis, digital or ...
From spores to antibiotics via the cell cycle
... Fig. 2. Generation of asymmetry and determination of cell fate during sporulation.Soon after the onset of sporulation, critical transcription factors sF (F) and sE (E) are synthesized, but they are initially held in an inactive state (grey font). After formation of the asymmetrical septum, sF activi ...
... Fig. 2. Generation of asymmetry and determination of cell fate during sporulation.Soon after the onset of sporulation, critical transcription factors sF (F) and sE (E) are synthesized, but they are initially held in an inactive state (grey font). After formation of the asymmetrical septum, sF activi ...
Aurintricarboxylic Acid Rescues PC12 Cells and Sympathetic
... with RNase before quantification and analysis (data not shown) as well as with total cellular DNA (Fig. 1 C) . The "ladder-like" pattern of DNA degradation is evident as early as 3 h after serum deprivation . However, at this time there is no overt morphological evidence of cell death as seen by pha ...
... with RNase before quantification and analysis (data not shown) as well as with total cellular DNA (Fig. 1 C) . The "ladder-like" pattern of DNA degradation is evident as early as 3 h after serum deprivation . However, at this time there is no overt morphological evidence of cell death as seen by pha ...
CDK11p58 kinase activity is required to protect sister chromatid
... removing most of the cohesin from chromatin may allow to build up a stock of intact soluble cohesin that will be readily usable during the early steps of the next cell cycle . Individualizing condensed chromosome arms in prophase may also be a way to prevent chromatin entanglement between sister chr ...
... removing most of the cohesin from chromatin may allow to build up a stock of intact soluble cohesin that will be readily usable during the early steps of the next cell cycle . Individualizing condensed chromosome arms in prophase may also be a way to prevent chromatin entanglement between sister chr ...
Mitosis in the Mouse: A Study of Living and
... remarkably evenly spaced throughout the 50 hours. Whenever possible the daughter cells produced by each division were traced forward through the film until they entered their next division or could no longer be identified. Eighteen intermitotic periods were thus recorded, and one cell was followed t ...
... remarkably evenly spaced throughout the 50 hours. Whenever possible the daughter cells produced by each division were traced forward through the film until they entered their next division or could no longer be identified. Eighteen intermitotic periods were thus recorded, and one cell was followed t ...
Biology, 7e (Campbell)
... 11) Which of the following comparisons between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is incorrect? A) The lack of organelles in prokaryotes means that they are structurally less complex than eukaryotes. B) The lack of internal membranes means that prokaryotes cannot compartmentalize function to the same ...
... 11) Which of the following comparisons between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is incorrect? A) The lack of organelles in prokaryotes means that they are structurally less complex than eukaryotes. B) The lack of internal membranes means that prokaryotes cannot compartmentalize function to the same ...
Isolation and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies Directed
... selection of conditional-lethal mutants defective at various stages in the endomembrane secretory pathway in yeast (Schekman, 1985). The isolation of cDNAs and genomic DNA sequences encoding specific marker proteins has led to the selective modification of putative targeting signals within these mar ...
... selection of conditional-lethal mutants defective at various stages in the endomembrane secretory pathway in yeast (Schekman, 1985). The isolation of cDNAs and genomic DNA sequences encoding specific marker proteins has led to the selective modification of putative targeting signals within these mar ...
PDF
... judged to be in M phase on the basis of their condensed chromosomes and the absence of BrdU incorporation. It was frequently observed that the nuclei of nascent large blastomeres incorporated BrdU before the chromosomes had decondensed; such cells were categorized as being in S phase rather than tel ...
... judged to be in M phase on the basis of their condensed chromosomes and the absence of BrdU incorporation. It was frequently observed that the nuclei of nascent large blastomeres incorporated BrdU before the chromosomes had decondensed; such cells were categorized as being in S phase rather than tel ...
The Organization Pattern of Root Border
... produce isolated border cells per se, but it does produce and release cells that remain attached to each other, forming a block of several cell layers called border-like cells (Vicré et al., 2005; Fig. 1). This also occurs in other Brassicaceae species, including rapeseed (Brassica napus), mustard ...
... produce isolated border cells per se, but it does produce and release cells that remain attached to each other, forming a block of several cell layers called border-like cells (Vicré et al., 2005; Fig. 1). This also occurs in other Brassicaceae species, including rapeseed (Brassica napus), mustard ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.