Plant Hormones
... ABA increases with various environmental or biological plant stresses Excess heat, pests, excess salt and/or dehydration Wilted plants have high levels of ABA In a drought, ABA increases in some plants, causing the stomata to close, preventing water loss ABA can also produces osmolytes that protec ...
... ABA increases with various environmental or biological plant stresses Excess heat, pests, excess salt and/or dehydration Wilted plants have high levels of ABA In a drought, ABA increases in some plants, causing the stomata to close, preventing water loss ABA can also produces osmolytes that protec ...
Studies of vacuolar trafficking pathways regulated by RAB5 and
... transformed with these markers revealed that the increase in cell layers in mutant roots was caused by periclinal divisions of endodermal cells (Figure 3g,h). The outer daughter cells of divided endodermal cells also gradually lost endodermal identity, acquiring cortical identity (Figure 3i,j). The ...
... transformed with these markers revealed that the increase in cell layers in mutant roots was caused by periclinal divisions of endodermal cells (Figure 3g,h). The outer daughter cells of divided endodermal cells also gradually lost endodermal identity, acquiring cortical identity (Figure 3i,j). The ...
Cell Size Distributions of Soil Bacterial and Archaeal
... size (3), and not surprisingly, cell sizes in soil are generally considered to be smaller than cell sizes typically measured for the most commonly studied isolates grown under laboratory conditions (4, 6). For example, previous work has shown that the majority of soil bacteria are less than 0.5 m i ...
... size (3), and not surprisingly, cell sizes in soil are generally considered to be smaller than cell sizes typically measured for the most commonly studied isolates grown under laboratory conditions (4, 6). For example, previous work has shown that the majority of soil bacteria are less than 0.5 m i ...
Molecular Characterization and Functional Expression of the Human
... AYjunctions are specialized regions of adjoining cell membranes composed of numerous intercellular low resistance channels. By permitting the passage of ions and chemical mediators from cell to cell, these channels may play a major role in a wide variety of cellular processes, including embryogenesi ...
... AYjunctions are specialized regions of adjoining cell membranes composed of numerous intercellular low resistance channels. By permitting the passage of ions and chemical mediators from cell to cell, these channels may play a major role in a wide variety of cellular processes, including embryogenesi ...
Cells: The Basic Units of Life
... bacterial cells. A typical eukaryotic cell is shown in Figure 8. Unlike bacteria and archaebacteria, eukaryotic cells have a nucleus. The nucleus is one kind of membrane-bound organelle. A cell’s nucleus holds the cell’s DNA. Eukaryotic cells have other membrane-bound organelles as well. Organelles ...
... bacterial cells. A typical eukaryotic cell is shown in Figure 8. Unlike bacteria and archaebacteria, eukaryotic cells have a nucleus. The nucleus is one kind of membrane-bound organelle. A cell’s nucleus holds the cell’s DNA. Eukaryotic cells have other membrane-bound organelles as well. Organelles ...
Mathematics Biology Summer School Project Movement of
... • Flagellated bacteria swim in a manner that depends on the size and shape of the body of the cell and the number and distribution of their flagella. • When these flagella turn counterclockwise, they form a synchronous bundle that pushes the body steadily forward: the cell is said to “run” • When th ...
... • Flagellated bacteria swim in a manner that depends on the size and shape of the body of the cell and the number and distribution of their flagella. • When these flagella turn counterclockwise, they form a synchronous bundle that pushes the body steadily forward: the cell is said to “run” • When th ...
P19 embryonal carcinoma cells
... Nusslein-Volhard, 1992). Unlike Drosophila, the mammalian embryo apparently contains no localized signals so the form of the developing organism must be dependent on cues which arise during the early cleavage divisions. Nevertheless, a number of the regulatory Drosophila genes appear to have homolog ...
... Nusslein-Volhard, 1992). Unlike Drosophila, the mammalian embryo apparently contains no localized signals so the form of the developing organism must be dependent on cues which arise during the early cleavage divisions. Nevertheless, a number of the regulatory Drosophila genes appear to have homolog ...
PDF
... segmental founder cells (primary blast cells) that coalesce first ipsilaterally and then along the ventral midline into the germinal plate, from which segmental tissues differentiate (only the ganglia are shown). Developmental events in primary blast cell clones can be timed in terms of “clonal age” ...
... segmental founder cells (primary blast cells) that coalesce first ipsilaterally and then along the ventral midline into the germinal plate, from which segmental tissues differentiate (only the ganglia are shown). Developmental events in primary blast cell clones can be timed in terms of “clonal age” ...
Mechanobiology of bone cells
... anotransducers, have been mechanically stressed (6, 15, 34). In this case, the shape of the cell remains nearly unaltered. Numerous studies analysed the effect of mechanical stimuli in respect to the anabolic functions of osteoblasts. Applying different modes of mechanical strain the expression and ...
... anotransducers, have been mechanically stressed (6, 15, 34). In this case, the shape of the cell remains nearly unaltered. Numerous studies analysed the effect of mechanical stimuli in respect to the anabolic functions of osteoblasts. Applying different modes of mechanical strain the expression and ...
Shroom3-mediated recruitment of Rho kinases to the apical cell
... (Copp et al., 2003; Hildebrand and Soriano, 1999). This protein is localized at the AJC of the neural tube; and its depletion causes neural tube closure defects in mice and Xenopus (Haigo et al., 2003; Hildebrand and Soriano, 1999). When Shoom3 is overexpressed in epithelial cells, it induces their ...
... (Copp et al., 2003; Hildebrand and Soriano, 1999). This protein is localized at the AJC of the neural tube; and its depletion causes neural tube closure defects in mice and Xenopus (Haigo et al., 2003; Hildebrand and Soriano, 1999). When Shoom3 is overexpressed in epithelial cells, it induces their ...
S-layer and cytoplasmic membrane – exceptions from the typical
... cell wall polymers and structures. Members of the Thermoplasmatales like Ferroplasma acidophilum completely lack a cell wall, despite growing under harsh conditions like elevated temperatures and low pH. It is therefore thought that a glycocalyx, lipoglycans, or membrane-associated glycoproteins sub ...
... cell wall polymers and structures. Members of the Thermoplasmatales like Ferroplasma acidophilum completely lack a cell wall, despite growing under harsh conditions like elevated temperatures and low pH. It is therefore thought that a glycocalyx, lipoglycans, or membrane-associated glycoproteins sub ...
Genes involved in xylem secondary cell wall formation
... with specialized wall structures. These specific structural features of individual xylem cell walls confer mechanical strength to plant tissues and allow the efficient translocation of water and nutrients within the plant body. Xylem cell walls are dynamic, and typically undergo massive depositions ...
... with specialized wall structures. These specific structural features of individual xylem cell walls confer mechanical strength to plant tissues and allow the efficient translocation of water and nutrients within the plant body. Xylem cell walls are dynamic, and typically undergo massive depositions ...
BALB/c 3T3 cell transformation assays for the assessment
... It is reported that TPA and okadaic acid upregulate protein phosphorylation through the acceleration of phosphorylation and inhibition of dephosphorylation, respectively, at the serine/threonine residues. No common gene has yet been identified among genes that were regulated by these four non-genoto ...
... It is reported that TPA and okadaic acid upregulate protein phosphorylation through the acceleration of phosphorylation and inhibition of dephosphorylation, respectively, at the serine/threonine residues. No common gene has yet been identified among genes that were regulated by these four non-genoto ...
Electronic Student Book Chapter 1
... iving things need a suitable habitat that supplies their basic needs for oxygen, food, and water. They convert energy with these resources and carry out a variety of activities. Early doctors and scientists could only guess at how living things carried out these activities. They studied whole plants ...
... iving things need a suitable habitat that supplies their basic needs for oxygen, food, and water. They convert energy with these resources and carry out a variety of activities. Early doctors and scientists could only guess at how living things carried out these activities. They studied whole plants ...
Protection of tobacco cells from oxidative copper
... Toxicity of cupric and ferric ions: a preliminary study It is well known that copper-dependent oxidative stress is not prevented by common reducing agents such as ascorbate (AsA), glutathione, and other thiols, since these reducing agents contribute to reproduce the Fenton-active catalyst Cu+ from C ...
... Toxicity of cupric and ferric ions: a preliminary study It is well known that copper-dependent oxidative stress is not prevented by common reducing agents such as ascorbate (AsA), glutathione, and other thiols, since these reducing agents contribute to reproduce the Fenton-active catalyst Cu+ from C ...
Interplay between cell growth and cell cycle in
... regulate mRNA translation (Zoncu et al., 2011). In mammals, however, E-BP1 links the TOR pathway to the translational control of cell-cycle progression, rather than general cell growth (Dowling et al., 2010). Another cellular process controlled by TOR is autophagy, which is used to recycle cellula ...
... regulate mRNA translation (Zoncu et al., 2011). In mammals, however, E-BP1 links the TOR pathway to the translational control of cell-cycle progression, rather than general cell growth (Dowling et al., 2010). Another cellular process controlled by TOR is autophagy, which is used to recycle cellula ...
Modelling a Debris Flow with PCRaster
... ► The second result has a more correct value of φ but the geometry isn’t perfect ► I think to solve this problem by the introduction of velocity because I suppose it is created by the values of Hcrit based only on slope. ...
... ► The second result has a more correct value of φ but the geometry isn’t perfect ► I think to solve this problem by the introduction of velocity because I suppose it is created by the values of Hcrit based only on slope. ...
Shroom3-mediated recruitment of Rho kinases to the apical cell
... (Copp et al., 2003; Hildebrand and Soriano, 1999). This protein is localized at the AJC of the neural tube; and its depletion causes neural tube closure defects in mice and Xenopus (Haigo et al., 2003; Hildebrand and Soriano, 1999). When Shoom3 is overexpressed in epithelial cells, it induces their ...
... (Copp et al., 2003; Hildebrand and Soriano, 1999). This protein is localized at the AJC of the neural tube; and its depletion causes neural tube closure defects in mice and Xenopus (Haigo et al., 2003; Hildebrand and Soriano, 1999). When Shoom3 is overexpressed in epithelial cells, it induces their ...
Large-scale histological analysis of leaf mutants using two simple
... auxin response factor2 (arf2) mutants potentially belong to this previously unidentified class (Table 1). Thus, by characterizing these known hormonal mutants we are able to find mutants for all possible combinations of changes in leaf cell number and size. ...
... auxin response factor2 (arf2) mutants potentially belong to this previously unidentified class (Table 1). Thus, by characterizing these known hormonal mutants we are able to find mutants for all possible combinations of changes in leaf cell number and size. ...
(Momordica charantia) and Bitter (Andrographis
... the decrease of pancreatic beta cell. It is a condition where amount of insulin is either not produced or the body unable to use the insulin, so that glucose in the blood increased [1]. Most patients in the world suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus [2]. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus has be ...
... the decrease of pancreatic beta cell. It is a condition where amount of insulin is either not produced or the body unable to use the insulin, so that glucose in the blood increased [1]. Most patients in the world suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus [2]. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus has be ...
