Stomatal development - The Company of Biologists
... Developmental models distill essential problems faced by cells, tissues and organisms into simplified and experimentally accessible systems. Stomata (the epidermal valves that mediate gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere) and the lineage from which they are derived have emerged as a pre-em ...
... Developmental models distill essential problems faced by cells, tissues and organisms into simplified and experimentally accessible systems. Stomata (the epidermal valves that mediate gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere) and the lineage from which they are derived have emerged as a pre-em ...
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... Developmental models distill essential problems faced by cells, tissues and organisms into simplified and experimentally accessible systems. Stomata (the epidermal valves that mediate gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere) and the lineage from which they are derived have emerged as a pre-em ...
... Developmental models distill essential problems faced by cells, tissues and organisms into simplified and experimentally accessible systems. Stomata (the epidermal valves that mediate gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere) and the lineage from which they are derived have emerged as a pre-em ...
Information, Noise and Communication: Thresholds as Controlling
... Living cells use many thousands of chemical reactions and other molecular interactions. There is inevitable noise in such processes since many reactions are probabilistic, requiring two or more molecules to come together in a crowded cytoplasmic environment. Later in this chapter, I will indicate ho ...
... Living cells use many thousands of chemical reactions and other molecular interactions. There is inevitable noise in such processes since many reactions are probabilistic, requiring two or more molecules to come together in a crowded cytoplasmic environment. Later in this chapter, I will indicate ho ...
Cell death in Leishmania induced by stress and differentiation
... in dying procyclic forms of Trypanosoma brucei infecting tsetse flies, 21,22 and in T. cruzi during the in vitro differentiation into trypomastigotes.23 In T. brucei procyclic forms, similar morphological features of apoptosis could be induced, in vitro, with concanavalin A treatment,24,25 or under ...
... in dying procyclic forms of Trypanosoma brucei infecting tsetse flies, 21,22 and in T. cruzi during the in vitro differentiation into trypomastigotes.23 In T. brucei procyclic forms, similar morphological features of apoptosis could be induced, in vitro, with concanavalin A treatment,24,25 or under ...
Polarization of Endocytosis and Receptor
... was inferred from particle distribution under conditions that limit particle-receptor redistribution (after labeling at 4°C or a very brief incubation at 37 ° C) . Under these restrictive conditions, latex binding sites were detected over the whole membrane whereas receptors for IgGopsonized erythro ...
... was inferred from particle distribution under conditions that limit particle-receptor redistribution (after labeling at 4°C or a very brief incubation at 37 ° C) . Under these restrictive conditions, latex binding sites were detected over the whole membrane whereas receptors for IgGopsonized erythro ...
Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell Multiple-Choice Questions
... 12) The volume enclosed by the plasma membrane of plant cells is often much larger than the corresponding volume in animal cells. The most reasonable explanation for this observation is that A) plant cells are capable of having a much higher surface-to-volume ratio than animal cells. B) plant cells ...
... 12) The volume enclosed by the plasma membrane of plant cells is often much larger than the corresponding volume in animal cells. The most reasonable explanation for this observation is that A) plant cells are capable of having a much higher surface-to-volume ratio than animal cells. B) plant cells ...
Unit Operations of Tissue Development: Epithelial
... the biomechanical mechanisms of epithelial folding. Such computational studies, which can be generalized to explain folding epithelia in other contexts, provide important insights into the role of biomechanics and geometry during animal development. Further, they provide predictions that can be veri ...
... the biomechanical mechanisms of epithelial folding. Such computational studies, which can be generalized to explain folding epithelia in other contexts, provide important insights into the role of biomechanics and geometry during animal development. Further, they provide predictions that can be veri ...
Reprogramming nuclei
... eight-cell embryonic nuclei allow development to term, which suggests that they are pluripotent (reviewed by Kato and Tsunoda, 1993). However, systematic analysis by McGrath and Solter (1984) shows a major decline in the developmental potential of donor nuclei (as assayed by blastocyst formation) be ...
... eight-cell embryonic nuclei allow development to term, which suggests that they are pluripotent (reviewed by Kato and Tsunoda, 1993). However, systematic analysis by McGrath and Solter (1984) shows a major decline in the developmental potential of donor nuclei (as assayed by blastocyst formation) be ...
Cell Energetics
... Cell Energetic Respiration is a process used by plants and animals to create energy for the cells in the body to use. In respiration, glucose in the cells is broken down into smaller units of energy called ATP. The ATP acts as a battery that can plug into the cell and provide it with energy. There a ...
... Cell Energetic Respiration is a process used by plants and animals to create energy for the cells in the body to use. In respiration, glucose in the cells is broken down into smaller units of energy called ATP. The ATP acts as a battery that can plug into the cell and provide it with energy. There a ...
2. Archenteron Morphogenesis in the Sea Urchin
... matic, a second kind of inhibition suggests the epigenetic signal is not specific to the cell-hyalin interaction. Treatment of embryos with J3-aminoproprio nitrile (J3APN) also inhibits gastrulation (Wessel and McClay, 1987; Butler et al., 1987). This lathrytic agent inhibits lysyl oxidase, the enz ...
... matic, a second kind of inhibition suggests the epigenetic signal is not specific to the cell-hyalin interaction. Treatment of embryos with J3-aminoproprio nitrile (J3APN) also inhibits gastrulation (Wessel and McClay, 1987; Butler et al., 1987). This lathrytic agent inhibits lysyl oxidase, the enz ...
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... 30 min in 16 ° C H20 that was brought slowly to room temperature. The tissue was counterstained with t% toluidine blue (0.1 M Na2B407), cleared with Permount and mounted with glass coverslips for examination under phase contrast, bright field, or dark field optics. The following procedures served as ...
... 30 min in 16 ° C H20 that was brought slowly to room temperature. The tissue was counterstained with t% toluidine blue (0.1 M Na2B407), cleared with Permount and mounted with glass coverslips for examination under phase contrast, bright field, or dark field optics. The following procedures served as ...
New Views on the Plant Cytoskeleton
... provide an overarching but complementary view of this fast-growing field. ...
... provide an overarching but complementary view of this fast-growing field. ...
Monera: Eubacteria
... • Eubacteria reproduce by binary fission. The single strand of DNA is replicated. This allows the genetic information to be transferred to the new cell. Next, the plasma membrane pinches inside and produces two cells that are equal. • Eubacteria also reproduce sexually by conjugation. In this reprod ...
... • Eubacteria reproduce by binary fission. The single strand of DNA is replicated. This allows the genetic information to be transferred to the new cell. Next, the plasma membrane pinches inside and produces two cells that are equal. • Eubacteria also reproduce sexually by conjugation. In this reprod ...
BSC-110 Biology
... E. Diagram and label the double phospholipid structure of the cell membrane F. Compare polar versus non‐polar molecules G. Describe the roles of the double phospholipid membrane and of certain protein molecules in transporting substances into and out of the cell H. Compare diffusion, ...
... E. Diagram and label the double phospholipid structure of the cell membrane F. Compare polar versus non‐polar molecules G. Describe the roles of the double phospholipid membrane and of certain protein molecules in transporting substances into and out of the cell H. Compare diffusion, ...
One tissue, two fates: different roles of megagametophyte cells
... embryos is retarded. Finally, only one embryo survives, while the others are eliminated (Filonova et al., 2002). In gymnosperms, the overall embryo development pathway can be divided into three distinct phases, called proembryogeny, early embryogeny, and late embryogeny. Proembryogeny includes the s ...
... embryos is retarded. Finally, only one embryo survives, while the others are eliminated (Filonova et al., 2002). In gymnosperms, the overall embryo development pathway can be divided into three distinct phases, called proembryogeny, early embryogeny, and late embryogeny. Proembryogeny includes the s ...
Chapter 3- Part 1 Cells PPT
... Carry out all chemical activities needed to sustain life The activity of a cell depends on its shape and the number and types of cellular organelles. ...
... Carry out all chemical activities needed to sustain life The activity of a cell depends on its shape and the number and types of cellular organelles. ...
Roles of 14-3-3 and calmodulin binding in subcellular localization
... RGK proteins exhibit unique structural and functional features that differ from other GTPases. These include the lack of lipid modification for membrane anchorage, the presence of N- and C-terminal extensions and an unconventional G3 motif. Another distinctive characteristic is the regulation of RGK ...
... RGK proteins exhibit unique structural and functional features that differ from other GTPases. These include the lack of lipid modification for membrane anchorage, the presence of N- and C-terminal extensions and an unconventional G3 motif. Another distinctive characteristic is the regulation of RGK ...
Dimensional analysis of Expansive Growth of Cells with Walls
... φ / L = (relative volumetric plastic deformation rate of the wall) / (relative volumetric water uptake rate). The magnitude of Πpw is useful because when it is small (Πpw << 1), it means that water uptake rate is not limiting during expansive growth and Equation 2 or Equation 5, is the sole governin ...
... φ / L = (relative volumetric plastic deformation rate of the wall) / (relative volumetric water uptake rate). The magnitude of Πpw is useful because when it is small (Πpw << 1), it means that water uptake rate is not limiting during expansive growth and Equation 2 or Equation 5, is the sole governin ...
CHAPTER 6 FROM BACTERIA TO PLANTS SECTION 6–1
... 27. Is the following sentence true or false? At some point in their lives, most animals can move from one place to another. SECTION 6–2 Bacteria (pages 190-193) This section explains what bacteria are, their positive roles, and how they reproduce. The Bacterial Cell (pages 190–191) 1. Bacteria are p ...
... 27. Is the following sentence true or false? At some point in their lives, most animals can move from one place to another. SECTION 6–2 Bacteria (pages 190-193) This section explains what bacteria are, their positive roles, and how they reproduce. The Bacterial Cell (pages 190–191) 1. Bacteria are p ...
TKRP125, a kinesin-related protein involved in the centrosome
... accuracy, no structure that is clearly responsible for the organization of microtubules, such as the centrosome in animal cells or the spindle pole body in fungal cells, has been demonstrated. There must exist, however, some plant cell-specific mechanisms that regulate the arrangement of microtubule ...
... accuracy, no structure that is clearly responsible for the organization of microtubules, such as the centrosome in animal cells or the spindle pole body in fungal cells, has been demonstrated. There must exist, however, some plant cell-specific mechanisms that regulate the arrangement of microtubule ...
Verrucomicrobia Capturing Single Cell Genomes of Active Polysaccharide
... (AAA168-F10) and two freshwater phylotypes (AAA202-P16 and AAA204-K13) comprised over 2/3 of polysaccharide-positive SAGs in their respective environments. Sequences that were identical or closely related to the most abundant marine and freshwater phylotypes (AAA168-F10 and AAA202-P16) have been rep ...
... (AAA168-F10) and two freshwater phylotypes (AAA202-P16 and AAA204-K13) comprised over 2/3 of polysaccharide-positive SAGs in their respective environments. Sequences that were identical or closely related to the most abundant marine and freshwater phylotypes (AAA168-F10 and AAA202-P16) have been rep ...
Plant Cell
... Much of what is understood about mitosis in plants is based on extrapolation from how cell division functions in other systems, such as yeast (Scheres and Benfey, 1999). Identification of new genes that control this multicellular process in plants is hampered by the lack of a system in which cell di ...
... Much of what is understood about mitosis in plants is based on extrapolation from how cell division functions in other systems, such as yeast (Scheres and Benfey, 1999). Identification of new genes that control this multicellular process in plants is hampered by the lack of a system in which cell di ...
The roles of two C. elegans HOX co-factor orthologs
... descendants were analyzed only in animals without additional neurons in the body. In principle, this could introduce a selection bias; however, we addressed this by extensive lineage analysis and other methods (see Fig. S1 in the supplementary material). If the cell(s) of interest migrated near a Vn ...
... descendants were analyzed only in animals without additional neurons in the body. In principle, this could introduce a selection bias; however, we addressed this by extensive lineage analysis and other methods (see Fig. S1 in the supplementary material). If the cell(s) of interest migrated near a Vn ...
Select Acetophenones Modulate Flagellar Motility in Chlamydomonas
... (12,13). For example, in a study examining acetophenones for activity against mycobacteria, cytotoxicity was observed against three eukaryotic cell lines (14). The cytotoxicity was not correlated with the antibacterial activity, suggesting different mechanisms. One active compound, 4-nitroacetopheno ...
... (12,13). For example, in a study examining acetophenones for activity against mycobacteria, cytotoxicity was observed against three eukaryotic cell lines (14). The cytotoxicity was not correlated with the antibacterial activity, suggesting different mechanisms. One active compound, 4-nitroacetopheno ...