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ocean exploration: timeline
ocean exploration: timeline

... CHALLENGE is a joint scientific project by James Cameron, the National Geographic Society, and Rolex. This is the first time someone has traveled to this depth since 1960, when the Trieste made its descent, and the first time it has ever ...
Review sheet – Chapter 1 (Introduction)
Review sheet – Chapter 1 (Introduction)

... Understand that oceanography is a multi-interdisciplinary science Know that the ocean covers 71% of the Earth’s surface and accounts for ~97% of the water found on Earth (only 3% of water on Earth is freshwater) Know that the average depth of the ocean is ~3,800 meters (12,500 feet) Know that the av ...
Country - Kno.e.sis
Country - Kno.e.sis

... What is the capital of Maine? The Galapagos Islands are a territory of which country? The Coral Sea is located off the coast of which continent? Where is Extremadura? What is the capital of Mali? The Bismarck Range and Owen Stanley Range are found in which country? Mostoos Hills, Thunder Hills, and ...
View poster abstract
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... Sphagnum palustre was transplanted from the wet rainforests of the Kohala Mountains of Hawaii Island to Mt. Kaala on the island of Oahu where it has since been an aggressive invader. Growth-in-length during 2011-2013 on Kaala was more rapid during the dry season and was equal to about 4 cm per year, ...
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... Why is Australia’s environment so unique? • Australia has been isolated from the other continents for so long that species there have adapted/mutated unlike the other populated continents. ...
Hawaiian Continental Drift
Hawaiian Continental Drift

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National Flags of the Americas and the Caribbean
National Flags of the Americas and the Caribbean

... National Flags of the Americas and the Caribbean The National Flags of States in North and South America and the Caribbean islands. The national flag is a symbol or emblem of a country, and therefore it represents a country. Each country in the world has its own combination of colors, shapes and sym ...
Ocean Waters and the Ocean Floor
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islands born of fire aCTiviTy 1

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... removing refuse from such isolated places is more difficult and expensive, where such refuse deters tourism, and where the presence of a National Wildlife Refuge or National Seashore shows that the federal government places special value on protecting the natural environment in that vicinity. ...
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010 to 027 - Hawaii Revealed
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... was at South Point, photo at left. As they explored the island, they discovered something they never could have imagined—snow on top of Mauna Kea. At both places they would have built shrines. Their descendants still erect small shrines at places they consider sacred. ...
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... 4. What percent of the world’s water is not in the ocean? 5. What fraction is the ocean compared to the mass of the whole earth? 6. What are the three major oceans? 7. Why isn’t the Arctic Ocean considered an ocean like the others? ...
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... • Wealthier countries = more research $ therefore applied research increased dramatically as well as pure research • The Cold War and global conflict fueled scientific discovery ...
Life of an Island
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... spot in the ocean floor, become islands, and drifted toward the northwest. A map that shows the submerged ridge that connects the islands and atolls in the archipelago can be used to illustrate this concept. The cross-section of the Hawaiian islands in the NWHI map can also be used to stress this po ...
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... of the range sprawls a huge area of flat, dry plains and plateaus called the outback. The Great Barrier Reef lies off Australia’s northeastern coast. This coral reef is a structure formed by the skeletons of small sea animals. It is the largest coral reef in the world, stretching about 1,250 miles. ...
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the Galapagos Islands
the Galapagos Islands

... The Galápagos Islands are a group of 13 islands and many islets surrounding the equator and located in the Eastern Pacific Ocean 600 miles west of mainland Ecuador. The islands and surrounding waters are a part of the Galápagos National Park, which belong to Ecuador. Relatively young, in geological ...
Unit 9 Physical - Wando High School
Unit 9 Physical - Wando High School

... temperate zones to desert regions. • Marsupials, such as kangaroos, dominate Australia’s northern savannah. • The Great Barrier Reef, along the northern coast, is home to many different kinds of sea creatures. • New Zealand’s climate varies from warm subtropical to cool temperate zones. • Mining is ...
Hydrothermal Vent Fast Facts
Hydrothermal Vent Fast Facts

... The greatest mountain range is the Mid-Ocean Ridge, extending 64,374 km (40,000 mi) from the Arctic Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean, around Africa, Asia, and Australia, and under the Pacific Ocean to the west coast of North America. The lowest known point on Earth, called the Challenger Deep, is 11,034 ...
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108-SeaFloor Spreading

... More Detail than you want! Subduction! ...
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Challenger expedition



The Challenger expedition of 1872–76 was a scientific exercise that made many discoveries to lay the foundation of oceanography. The expedition was named after the mother vessel, HMS Challenger.Prompted by Charles Wyville Thomson—of the University of Edinburgh and Merchiston Castle School—the Royal Society of London obtained the use of Challenger from the Royal Navy and in 1872 modified the ship for scientific work, equipping her with separate laboratories for natural history and chemistry. The expedition, led by Captain George Nares, sailed from Portsmouth, England, on 21 December 1872. Other naval officers included Commander John Maclear. Under the scientific supervision of Thomson himself, she travelled nearly 70,000 nautical miles (130,000 km) surveying and exploring. The result was the Report Of The Scientific Results of the Exploring Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76 which, among many other discoveries, catalogued over 4,000 previously unknown species. John Murray, who supervised the publication, described the report as ""the greatest advance in the knowledge of our planet since the celebrated discoveries of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries"". Challenger sailed close to Antarctica, but not within sight of it.
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