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A new multivalent B cell activation model
A new multivalent B cell activation model

... The studies were done initially with a repeat epitope antigen or anti-sIg and greatly extended by the use of a highly multivalent anti-sIg, prepared by covalently linking the antisIg to dextran (1). The latter studies demonstrated that highlevel B cell activation was evident with anti-sIg doses that ...
ppt
ppt

... Clathrin assembles into basketlike lattice that distorts membrane, starts bud Proteins targeted for lysosomes have Mannose-6-PO4, binds Mannose-6-PO4 receptors in trans Golgi membrane Mannose-6-PO4 receptors span the Golgi membrane, binding sites for cytosolic adaptor proteins, which bind clathrin C ...
PDF
PDF

... luciferase activity (Fig. 1A). Starting with E16.0 embryos, a lowintensity signal was detected in the posterior subcutaneous and intrascapular regions, both of which are known to become the first sites of adipogenesis at later stages of murine development in vivo (Fig. 1A). We used this anatomical i ...
Uncovering the Relationship Between Aquatic
Uncovering the Relationship Between Aquatic

... A specific group of protein aggregates called amyloid fibrils has been linked to more than 15 neurological human diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Syndromes. These malfunctions are often called ‘conformational disorders’, many of which result from the conversion of a normal protein int ...
Chapter 3 PowerPoint - Hillsborough Community College
Chapter 3 PowerPoint - Hillsborough Community College

... • Difference in electrical charge between two points is referred to as voltage • Cells that have a charge are said to be polarized ...
variability in individual cell cycles of saccharomyces cerevisiae
variability in individual cell cycles of saccharomyces cerevisiae

... deterministic and probabilistic controls act in tandem, that is, when cells reach critical size they enter an A state from which their exit is probabilistic (Shilo et al. An alternative model has been proposed, which fuses the elements together in a novel way (Wheals, 1981 a). In this 'sloppy' size ...
Aquaporins: The Molecular Basis of Facilitated Water
Aquaporins: The Molecular Basis of Facilitated Water

... no membranes, but how does water get into the xylem and how does it flow from the xylem to and through other cells? There are two possible pathways for osmotic flow of water between tissues: an apoplastic route that encompasses only the cell walls and a symplastic and transcellular path that involve ...
Uncovering the Relationship Between Aquatic
Uncovering the Relationship Between Aquatic

... relatives studied by Professor Vetriani have revealed the role of genomic plasticity in the diversification of microbial life. Thermophiles are also model systems to study complex cellular functions relevant to human disease, such as protein folding and stress responses. Studies by Professor Robb on ...
What sort of Science is Glycoscience?
What sort of Science is Glycoscience?

... < Sialyl-Tn is a carbohydrate associated with MUC1. It is a unique tumor-associated antigen, present on many adenocarcinomas including breast, ovarian, colorectal, gastric and pancreatic. Consequently, SialylTN is an ideal candidate for boosting the patient’s immune system specifically against a uni ...
Energy barriers and cell migration in densely packed tissues†
Energy barriers and cell migration in densely packed tissues†

... functional. Although the initial T1 edge lengths Lα are Gaussian distributed, we find that the change in energy due to a reduction in cell perimeter is quadratic in Lα , resulting in an exponential distribution for energy barriers. Whereas simulations of sheared foams generically generate power-law ...
Cellular Structure and Function
Cellular Structure and Function

... Plant and Animal Cell Structures ...
Aquaporins: The Molecular Basis of Facilitated
Aquaporins: The Molecular Basis of Facilitated

... no membranes, but how does water get into the xylem and how does it flow from the xylem to and through other cells? There are two possible pathways for osmotic flow of water between tissues: an apoplastic route that encompasses only the cell walls and a symplastic and transcellular path that involve ...
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic Acids

... Hydrolysis – Addition of a water molecule to a polymer to break a bond within a polymer to form the monomers ...
continued
continued

... • rRNA is believed to be transcribed at the borders of fc and the dense fibrillar component (dfc) where ribosomal proteins associate to form pre-ribsosomal RNP particles but this is still controversial. • Progressive processing of the pre–rRNP particles occurs within the granular component (gc) wher ...
Protein Targeting into the Complex Plastid of Cryptophytes
Protein Targeting into the Complex Plastid of Cryptophytes

... al. 2000). This cytoplasm, the periplastidal compartment, is devoid of typical eukaryotic compartments, e.g., mitochondrion and Golgi apparatus, but still harbors 80S ribosomes and a pigmy nucleus, the nucleomorph (Maier et al. 2000, Douglas et al. 2001; Cavalier-Smith 2002; Gilson and McFadden 2002 ...
Poly (?-caprolactone)-Poly (ethylene glycol) Copolymer Coatings Developed by Low Pressure Inductively Excited PECVD for Tailored Cell Adhesion
Poly (?-caprolactone)-Poly (ethylene glycol) Copolymer Coatings Developed by Low Pressure Inductively Excited PECVD for Tailored Cell Adhesion

... copolymer coatings were stable after 72 hours of washing with water. SEM-FEG, XPS, XRD and AFM were also carried out on the coatings. Human ovarian carcinoma cell line (NIH:OVCAR-3) were cultured in physiological conditions and were seeded in a microplate which was loaded with autoclaved coated glas ...
DOMAIN ARCHAEA
DOMAIN ARCHAEA

... Eukaryal genes generally are transcribed separately rather than in clusters. In plants and animals, most genes are segmented into 'exons' separated by 'introns' - introns are spliced out of the mRNAs after transcription. In addition, the 5' end of the mRNA is capped with a modified nucleoside, and ...
Epithelial reticular Cells of Egyptian Water buffalo (Bosbubalis)
Epithelial reticular Cells of Egyptian Water buffalo (Bosbubalis)

... The thymus of Egyptian water buffalo was divided by septa into many lobules; each lobule had outer dark area called, cortex and inner slightly stained area called, medulla "Fig. 1". The epithelial reticular cells were classified according to their staining affinity, morphology and position into:4 ty ...
4B EOC Biology Multiple Choice Identify the choice
4B EOC Biology Multiple Choice Identify the choice

... inside the cell, and the contractile vacuole has to contract more rapidly.  b.  When the salt concentration outside the cell is very low, diffusion causes water to move  outside the cell, but it has no impact on the contractile vacuole contractions.  c.  When the salt concentration outside the cell  ...
Protein Structure (in a nutshell)
Protein Structure (in a nutshell)

... X-ray crystallography, invented in the beginning of the 20’th century, has been used to solve structures of some amino-acids, synthetic polymers (poly-glu) and small organic molecules Some fibrous materials such as wool and α-keratin are sufficiently crystalline to give ...
WJEC GCSE Biology - Hodder Education
WJEC GCSE Biology - Hodder Education

... Diffusion is the spreading of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, as a result of random movement. We say the molecules move down a concentration gradient (Figure 1.8). Diffusion is a natural process that results from the fact that all molecules are const ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Differential Stains – Gram Staining • Those that resist decolorization by 95% ethanol are arbitrarily termed Gram positive and those that do not are Gram negative • (the terms positive and negative have nothing to do with charges • of the cell but based on differences in the cell wall structure of ...
Prospore Membrane Formation Defines a Developmentally
Prospore Membrane Formation Defines a Developmentally

... these gene products is understood. SEC4, for example, encodes a GTPase of the rab family (Salminen and Novick, 1987). SEC9 encodes a subunit of the plasma membrane t-SNARE complex (Aalto et al., 1993; Brennwald et al., 1994). Additionally, Sec6p, Sec8p, and Sec15p are subunits of a large, cytoplasmi ...
The cancer stem cell: premises, promises and challenges
The cancer stem cell: premises, promises and challenges

... yet the tumors seemed hierarchically organized when tested functionally. This paper was rapidly followed by similar studies on other solid Revival of the CSC concept. In the early nineties, research on hemato­ tumors such as brain cancers25 and colon cancers26–28. For a comprepoietic stem cells was ...
Plant Stem Cell Niches: Standing the Test of Time
Plant Stem Cell Niches: Standing the Test of Time

... activity in the stem cells, and future work should reveal the interplay between RBR action and quiescent center signaling. Positioning a Stem Cell Niche Although the pathways that maintain pools of stem cells at the root and shoot apex are well characterized, less is known about how a stem cell nich ...
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