MURI Book 2
... Consequently, for the two-cavity klystron, without space charge and with sinusoidal voltage modulation, the maximum efficiency is 58 percent. The above derivation is completely valid, even when there is electron overtaking. The small-signal approximation, used to formulate the expressions used in la ...
... Consequently, for the two-cavity klystron, without space charge and with sinusoidal voltage modulation, the maximum efficiency is 58 percent. The above derivation is completely valid, even when there is electron overtaking. The small-signal approximation, used to formulate the expressions used in la ...
EUBET 2014: Applications of effective field theories to particle
... If there is new physics in the electroweak breaking sector, the failed LHC searches suggest a mass gap, so the Higgs itself can be a Goldstone boson (as are the longitudinal vector bosons too). We can then formulate an effective theory for their interactions. With it, we have calculated the one-loop ...
... If there is new physics in the electroweak breaking sector, the failed LHC searches suggest a mass gap, so the Higgs itself can be a Goldstone boson (as are the longitudinal vector bosons too). We can then formulate an effective theory for their interactions. With it, we have calculated the one-loop ...
The Cosmological Constant From The Viewpoint Of String Theory
... or extremely small by particle physics standards – really only arises in the presence of gravity, since without gravity, we don’t care about the energy of the vacuum. Moreover, it is mainly a question about quantum gravity, since classically it would be more or less natural to just decide – as Einst ...
... or extremely small by particle physics standards – really only arises in the presence of gravity, since without gravity, we don’t care about the energy of the vacuum. Moreover, it is mainly a question about quantum gravity, since classically it would be more or less natural to just decide – as Einst ...
Spin-Orbit-Mediated Anisotropic Spin Interaction in Interacting Electron Systems
... where H0 is the sum of kinetic energy and confinement ^ In addition, as z^ ! z^ transformation in (2) d^ a^ x. potential (4), is formulated as a 4 4 matrix problem by multiplying (21) by the bra hs1 s2 j’1; 2 from the left (here changes sign of R , it must be that d^ z^ as well. Thus, it ...
... where H0 is the sum of kinetic energy and confinement ^ In addition, as z^ ! z^ transformation in (2) d^ a^ x. potential (4), is formulated as a 4 4 matrix problem by multiplying (21) by the bra hs1 s2 j’1; 2 from the left (here changes sign of R , it must be that d^ z^ as well. Thus, it ...
string theory: big problem for small size
... For example, (i) gravitational force is responsible for the gravity that binds us to the surface of the earth. At a larger scale, this is responsible for binding the planets in the solar system to the sun, stars inside a galaxy and galaxies in the universe etc. (ii) Electromagnetic force acts betwee ...
... For example, (i) gravitational force is responsible for the gravity that binds us to the surface of the earth. At a larger scale, this is responsible for binding the planets in the solar system to the sun, stars inside a galaxy and galaxies in the universe etc. (ii) Electromagnetic force acts betwee ...
The Logic of Experimental Tests, Particularly of Everettian Quantum
... under an explanatory theory T. It means that if the experiment were performed and did not result in x, T would become (more) problematic. Expectation is thus defined in terms of problems, and problems in terms of explanation, of which we shall need only the properties (i)-(iii). Note that expectatio ...
... under an explanatory theory T. It means that if the experiment were performed and did not result in x, T would become (more) problematic. Expectation is thus defined in terms of problems, and problems in terms of explanation, of which we shall need only the properties (i)-(iii). Note that expectatio ...
Free ion yield observed in liquid isooctane irradiated by gamma rays
... of how it varies with temperature T , with external electric field E, and with radiation type, constitutes a fundamental problem to understand the operation of these devices. These dependences have been measured in a large number of liquids ([6], [7]). The Onsager theory [8] describes Gf i (E, T ), ...
... of how it varies with temperature T , with external electric field E, and with radiation type, constitutes a fundamental problem to understand the operation of these devices. These dependences have been measured in a large number of liquids ([6], [7]). The Onsager theory [8] describes Gf i (E, T ), ...
On Gauge Invariance and Covariant Derivatives in Metric Spaces
... connection coefficients more general than the Levi-Civita symbols in a general quantum theory of gravity irrespective of coupling with gauge and matter fields. We will use a canonical formulation of quantum gravity to show this. This is consistent with a path integral formulation of quantum gravity ...
... connection coefficients more general than the Levi-Civita symbols in a general quantum theory of gravity irrespective of coupling with gauge and matter fields. We will use a canonical formulation of quantum gravity to show this. This is consistent with a path integral formulation of quantum gravity ...
Observation of the Higgs Boson - Purdue Physics
... • QED and QCD work so well that we use these ideas to describe other “symmetries”… • As far as the weak interaction is concerned, the up and down quarks are the same. – We can tell them apart by means of their electric charge, but the weak force doesn’t care about electric charge. ...
... • QED and QCD work so well that we use these ideas to describe other “symmetries”… • As far as the weak interaction is concerned, the up and down quarks are the same. – We can tell them apart by means of their electric charge, but the weak force doesn’t care about electric charge. ...
First-principles calculations of long-range intermolecular dispersion forces Auayporn Jiemchooroj Link¨
... and gravitational—are believed to explain all physical processes and structures observed in nature. In view of the microscopic world of atoms and molecules, electromagnetic forces are responsible for chemical bonds that keep atoms together in molecules and also intermolecular interactions such as io ...
... and gravitational—are believed to explain all physical processes and structures observed in nature. In view of the microscopic world of atoms and molecules, electromagnetic forces are responsible for chemical bonds that keep atoms together in molecules and also intermolecular interactions such as io ...
Hierarchy of Planck Constants
... succeeded in understanding a group of natural processes, we invariably mean that a constructive theory has been found which covers the processes in question. Along with this most important class of theories there exists a second, which I will call "principle-theories." These employ the analytic, not ...
... succeeded in understanding a group of natural processes, we invariably mean that a constructive theory has been found which covers the processes in question. Along with this most important class of theories there exists a second, which I will call "principle-theories." These employ the analytic, not ...
Euclidean Field Theory - Department of Mathematical Sciences
... whether we can write (1.10) back in a path integral language. It is not immediately clear how to do this, because the Gaussian factor in the path integral (1.7) enforces the appearances of the |0i state in the correlator. The way to continue is to observe that (1.10) is an expression similar to (1.4 ...
... whether we can write (1.10) back in a path integral language. It is not immediately clear how to do this, because the Gaussian factor in the path integral (1.7) enforces the appearances of the |0i state in the correlator. The way to continue is to observe that (1.10) is an expression similar to (1.4 ...
fundamental_reality\Black hole war
... Schwarzschild radius: the radius of an imaginary sphere within which light will be pulled into the dark star (or black hole.) The black hole itself is a “singularity”; ie a point in space. The Schwarzschild radius is proportional to the mass. “Nothing can survive it’s [the singularity’s] infinitely ...
... Schwarzschild radius: the radius of an imaginary sphere within which light will be pulled into the dark star (or black hole.) The black hole itself is a “singularity”; ie a point in space. The Schwarzschild radius is proportional to the mass. “Nothing can survive it’s [the singularity’s] infinitely ...
URL - StealthSkater
... Well, be sure that with that background my knowledge of the subject is really poor (to say the best), but anyway I am going to try to present a few concepts. What is this TGD? Well, aparently in part it is a way to save the energy problem in General Relativity. This problem consists in that there is ...
... Well, be sure that with that background my knowledge of the subject is really poor (to say the best), but anyway I am going to try to present a few concepts. What is this TGD? Well, aparently in part it is a way to save the energy problem in General Relativity. This problem consists in that there is ...
VSEPR THEORY
... with a lone pair. Bond angles are 107.5 degrees (it's less than tetrahedral molecules because the lone pair shoves the other atoms closer to each other). ...
... with a lone pair. Bond angles are 107.5 degrees (it's less than tetrahedral molecules because the lone pair shoves the other atoms closer to each other). ...
Effective Field Theories, Reductionism and Scientific Explanation
... organisation are autonomous. However, within the programme of EFTs, the notion of quasi-autonomy can be given a precise meaning and the relation of one level of organisation to a deeper level can be studied. We will come back to this issue below and discuss its consequences for the reductionism deba ...
... organisation are autonomous. However, within the programme of EFTs, the notion of quasi-autonomy can be given a precise meaning and the relation of one level of organisation to a deeper level can be studied. We will come back to this issue below and discuss its consequences for the reductionism deba ...