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Cell Structure and Function
Cell Structure and Function

... digest viruses, bacteria, and old organelles. Also break down lipids, carbs, and proteins • Vacuoles- saclike structures that store materials- water, salts, proteins, carbs • Mitochondria- organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that the cell can ...
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... • Houses chromosomes - DNA • Transcription – production of RNA from DNA • Key components ...
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... their own) the levels of organization (they depend on each other like present in more complex players on a team) organisms. • Cell specialization = each type of • The structures present in specialized cell performs separate some single-celled roles or functions within the organisms act in a manner o ...
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Cell Games http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/health/anatomy/cell

... 2. What happens to the plant cell when the vacuole is low on water? 3. How does the cell regain its shape? Ribosomes 1. Where are ribosomes found? 2. What is created by the ribosomes when they follow instructions from the nucleus? Mitochondria 1. What is produced in the mitochondrion that fuels the ...
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... Passive Cell Transport: Osmosis • Osmosis is the diffusion of WATER through a semi-permeable membrane. – Water also moves from areas of HIGH to LOW concentrations (think of a waterfall). – If a solute is too large to diffuse, water molecules will diffuse instead until the two solutions reach ...
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Endomembrane system

The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell. These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments, or organelles. In eukaryotes the organelles of the endomembrane system include: the nuclear membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, endosomes and the cell membrane. The system is defined more accurately as the set of membranes that form a single functional and developmental unit, either being connected directly, or exchanging material through vesicle transport. Importantly, the endomembrane system does not include the membranes of mitochondria or chloroplasts.The nuclear membrane contains two lipid bilayers that encompass the contents of the nucleus. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a synthesis and transport organelle that branches into the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. The Golgi apparatus is a series of multiple compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell. Vacuoles, which are found in both plant and animal cells (though much bigger in plant cells), are responsible for maintaining the shape and structure of the cell as well as storing waste products. A vesicle is a relatively small, membrane-enclosed sac that stores or transports substances. The cell membrane, is a protective barrier that regulates what enters and leaves the cell. There is also an organelle known as the Spitzenkörper that is only found in fungi, and is connected with hyphal tip growth.In prokaryotes endomembranes are rare, although in many photosynthetic bacteria the plasma membrane is highly folded and most of the cell cytoplasm is filled with layers of light-gathering membrane. These light-gathering membranes may even form enclosed structures called chlorosomes in green sulfur bacteria.The organelles of the endomembrane system are related through direct contact or by the transfer of membrane segments as vesicles. Despite these relationships, the various membranes are not identical in structure and function. The thickness, molecular composition, and metabolic behavior of a membrane are not fixed, they may be modified several times during the membrane's life. One unifying characteristic the membranes share is a lipid bilayer, with proteins attached to either side or traversing them.
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