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Antibiotics (Chapter 20)
Antibiotics (Chapter 20)

... Chain and Florey (1940): developed system for growing and purifying Penicillium; tested drug in mice; 1945 Nobel Prize Selective toxicity: easier to find agents toxic to prokaryotic cells (bacteria) that do not harm eukaryotic hosts than to find agents toxic to eukaryotic pathogens (fungi, protozoan ...
source file
source file

... • All proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm. • Proteins with export signals can be directed to other cellular locations: – cytoplasm, cytoplasmic membrane, outer membrane or periplasm of Gram (-) bacteria, cell wall, or as secreted products in extracellular space ...
Plasma Membrane - Warren County Schools
Plasma Membrane - Warren County Schools

... Molecules are moved out of the cell by vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane. This is how many hormones are secreted and how nerve copyright cmassengale ...
The Cell Theory
The Cell Theory

... The cell contains hereditary information(DNA) which is passed on from cell to cell during cell division.  All cells are basically the same in chemical composition and metabolic activities.  All basic chemical & physiological functions are carried out inside the cells.(movement, digestion,etc)  Ce ...
The Cell Cycle - goehringteach.org
The Cell Cycle - goehringteach.org

... become visible. The membrane around the nucleus disappears. Spindle fibers begin to stretch across the cell. ...
Télécharger la version pdf
Télécharger la version pdf

... During their life, plants constantly renew themselves. They sprout new leaves in the spring and shed them in the fall. No longer needed, damaged or dead organs such as blossoms and leaves are also cast off by a process known as abscission. By doing so, plants conserve energy and prepare for the next ...
V. Lecture Section 5 A. Review of the mitotic cell cycle and cell death
V. Lecture Section 5 A. Review of the mitotic cell cycle and cell death

... 2. Prokaryotic cells divide by binary fission a. Circular DNA is copied and separate to opposite poles b. Cell separates into two daughter cells 3. Certain protists have mechanism intermediate between binary fission and mitosis 4. Eukaryotic cell cycle is divided into four phases a. Gap 1: necessary ...
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) - bli-research-synbio
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) - bli-research-synbio

... Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) ...
Cell Transport - Effingham County Schools
Cell Transport - Effingham County Schools

... 2. Facilitated diffusion: diffusion of specific particles through transport/carrier proteins found in the membrane a.Transport Proteins are specific – they “select” only certain molecules to cross the membrane b.Transports larger or charged molecules ...
Ch 7 sec 2 Notes
Ch 7 sec 2 Notes

... ***The endoplasmic reticulum is where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, along with proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell. ...
What is the endosymbiotic theory?
What is the endosymbiotic theory?

... How did cellular complexity come about? • The fossil record provides few clues about the history of life at the cellular level. • Microscopic fossils generally lack internal detail of cellular structure. • However, careful studies of living cells have helped to answer questions about the origins of ...
Answer Key to Problem Set 2
Answer Key to Problem Set 2

TAG Ch 3 Review Game
TAG Ch 3 Review Game

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Name Class Date AMOS the ANIMAL CELL Amos was an animal
Name Class Date AMOS the ANIMAL CELL Amos was an animal

... __________2 This is made of DNA and is the storage area for all genetic information. __________3 This is the site of protein synthesis in a cell. __________4 This porous structure surrounds the nucleus, keeping it intact. __________5 This internal membrane system is so extensive that it accounts for ...
4.5 Plant and Animal Cells
4.5 Plant and Animal Cells

... A number of small structures are seen within cells when they are observed under a microscope. These small structures are called organelles. Organelles (little organs) have unique functions, but work together to contribute to the cell’s life processes. All plant and animal cells contain a watery flui ...
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PowerPoint to accompany Hole’s Human Anatomy and
PowerPoint to accompany Hole’s Human Anatomy and

... mitosis provide a mitotic clock • Cells divide to provide a more favorable surface area to volume relationship • Growth factors and hormones stimulate cell division • Hormones stimulate mitosis of smooth muscle cells in uterus • Epidermal growth factor stimulates growth of new skin ...
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... Clathrin-coated vesicles have three main components: clathrin, a sorting adaptor complex termed AP-2 and transmembrane cargo proteins. Early models conjectured that assembly begins when AP-2 simultaneously binds the other two components. But AP-2 does not assemble on intracellular organelles, where ...
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... • transport is in vesicles • proteins & lipids are glycosylated ...
The Cell Cycle
The Cell Cycle

... The first and longest phase of mitosis. The long stringy chromatin coils up into visible chromosomes. The two halves of the doubled structure are called sister chromatids formed during Interphase. Sister chromatids are held together by a structure called a centromere, which plays a role in chromosom ...
Epithelial Tissue
Epithelial Tissue

... Enumerate the functions of epithelial tissue. - Understand the following clinical applications: - Immotile cilia syndrome (Kartagener’s syndrome). ...
Students will make a wet mount slide of onion cells and observe the
Students will make a wet mount slide of onion cells and observe the

... 3. What is the purpose of so many cells close together? (strength and protection) 4. Is an onion composed of one cell or many cells? (many cells) 5. Why is it easier to see the onion cells after they are stained with mythelene blue? (The stain creates contrast between light and dark structures.) 6. ...
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... fiber channels has been used to force cells flowing through the center of the stream such that the quality of the signals could be enhanced.  Different fluorescent dye labeled cell samples could be successfully detected by using light source transmitted by buried optical fibers with different wavel ...
AP BIOLOGY - Houston ISD
AP BIOLOGY - Houston ISD

... (A) Polar heads of phospholipids are located on the periphery of the cell membrane. (B) Cell surface receptor proteins transfer small polar substances into the cell. (C) Peripheral proteins may display enzymatic functions. (D) Phospholipids are amphipathic. (E) Glycoproteins are involved in cell-to ...
Diffusion
Diffusion

... – Small lipids (fatty acids, glycerol) can pass directly through – small uncharged molecules like O2, CO2 and H2O (**) can also pass directly through Fatty CO2 acid O2 inside cell salt ...
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Endomembrane system

The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell. These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments, or organelles. In eukaryotes the organelles of the endomembrane system include: the nuclear membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, endosomes and the cell membrane. The system is defined more accurately as the set of membranes that form a single functional and developmental unit, either being connected directly, or exchanging material through vesicle transport. Importantly, the endomembrane system does not include the membranes of mitochondria or chloroplasts.The nuclear membrane contains two lipid bilayers that encompass the contents of the nucleus. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a synthesis and transport organelle that branches into the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. The Golgi apparatus is a series of multiple compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell. Vacuoles, which are found in both plant and animal cells (though much bigger in plant cells), are responsible for maintaining the shape and structure of the cell as well as storing waste products. A vesicle is a relatively small, membrane-enclosed sac that stores or transports substances. The cell membrane, is a protective barrier that regulates what enters and leaves the cell. There is also an organelle known as the Spitzenkörper that is only found in fungi, and is connected with hyphal tip growth.In prokaryotes endomembranes are rare, although in many photosynthetic bacteria the plasma membrane is highly folded and most of the cell cytoplasm is filled with layers of light-gathering membrane. These light-gathering membranes may even form enclosed structures called chlorosomes in green sulfur bacteria.The organelles of the endomembrane system are related through direct contact or by the transfer of membrane segments as vesicles. Despite these relationships, the various membranes are not identical in structure and function. The thickness, molecular composition, and metabolic behavior of a membrane are not fixed, they may be modified several times during the membrane's life. One unifying characteristic the membranes share is a lipid bilayer, with proteins attached to either side or traversing them.
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