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Supplementary Materials and Methods (doc 60K)
Supplementary Materials and Methods (doc 60K)

... The mass spectrometry data files were processed by ProteinPilot 4.0 (AB SCIEX) using the Paragon algorithm. The mass spectrometry data were searched against all the protein sequence Homo sapiens of Uniprot_sprot_201105 database.For ProteinPilot Paragon, methyl methane thiosulfonate was selected as t ...
Supplementary Table and Figure Legends
Supplementary Table and Figure Legends

... death receptor intracellular death domains, which induces the formation of the deathinducing signaling complex (DISC) that is comprised of pro-caspase-8 and Fasassociated death domain (FADD). DISC formation causes activation of caspase-8 to trigger cell death via the extrinsic (left) or intrinsic (r ...
Probing protein–membrane interactions using optical traps
Probing protein–membrane interactions using optical traps

... Signals in the brain where long thought to be dependent on electrical signals only. However, in the early 20th century, it was discovered that neurons can communicate to each other and to non–neuronal cells by sending special chemical signals (neurotransmitters) through a small space between these c ...
Biofundamentals - Cell Growth and Cell Division
Biofundamentals - Cell Growth and Cell Division

Cell Discovery and Theory
Cell Discovery and Theory

A possible mechanism for mechano-, and magneto
A possible mechanism for mechano-, and magneto

... the structure of cellular membranes. The cellular membrane fulfills the following functions critical to cellular survival; it acts as a flexible, self-healing barrier between the cell and its environment and it also acts as a structural unit for functional proteins.2,3 The membrane, however, does no ...
Problem Set I Answer Key
Problem Set I Answer Key

Classification Graphic Organizer
Classification Graphic Organizer

... Name: ____________________________ ...
L01_2002
L01_2002

... In ANIMALS: The storage glycan of animals is GLYCOGEN, which differs from amylopectin only in that the branches occur every 8-12 residues. Glycogen occurs in granules of about 100-400 Å diameter in cytoplasm of cells that use it most. ...
Helping cells get rid of toxic waste in Parkinson`s
Helping cells get rid of toxic waste in Parkinson`s

... getting rid of toxic waste is essential for the survival of the cell. Both normal aging and neurological conditions – such as Parkinson’s – have been linked to slower autophagy. We know that Parkin is responsible for tagging waste so it can bagged up and taken to the waste disposal. By tagging prote ...
Dendritic cells in lymph organs are the neuro-immune cross
Dendritic cells in lymph organs are the neuro-immune cross

... and postfixed for at least overnight in the same fixative solution plus 20% sucrose for cryo-protection. The lymph nodes were then cut on a freezing sliding microtome or cryostat into sections usually between 15 and 20 microns in thickness. The results showed that Fluoro-Ruby distributes in the diff ...
Membrane Transport
Membrane Transport

... kt is the same as kcat…. and Kt is Km of transport ...
2D Arrays - Tom Kleen
2D Arrays - Tom Kleen

Extracellular Macromolecules
Extracellular Macromolecules

... one kind of post-translational modification others: phosphorylation carboxylation ...
6.5 Nerves, Hormones and Homeostasis
6.5 Nerves, Hormones and Homeostasis

... Homeostasis: Thermoregulation in endotherms The body must balance its heat budget Heat is gained:  by conduction from warm air surrounding the body  by the body’s metabolic activity which generates heat e.g. when ...
lecture notes-separation and purification-2
lecture notes-separation and purification-2

... - surfactants (solubilising lipids): sodium sulfonate, sodium dodecylsulfate. - Alkali: sodium hydroxide, harsh - Organic solvents: penetrating the lipids and swelling the cells. e.g. toluene. e.g. Bacteria were treated with acetone followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate extraction of cellular proteins. ...
The Cell Cycle
The Cell Cycle

... DNA damage leads to a block in cell cycle progression Replication of damaged DNA would fix mutations for all daughter cells ...
Biomolecules Discussion
Biomolecules Discussion

... Shmoop Editorial Team. (November 11, 2008).Biomolecules and the Chemistry of Life. Retrieved April 6, 2013, from http://www.shmoop.com/biomolecules/ Shmoop Editorial Team. (November 11, 2008).Organic vs. Inorganic Molecules Shmoop Biology. Retrieved April 6, 2013, from http://www.shmoop.com/biomolec ...
On the nature of the last common universal ancestor
On the nature of the last common universal ancestor

... - Phylogeny and genomics allow the study of the caracteristics of ancestral species - The last common ancestor was a complex organism - Several basic molecular functions of cells have not significantly changed for billions of years (no permanent "complexification" ...
Enzyme Histochemistry
Enzyme Histochemistry

Diffusion vs. Bulk Flow
Diffusion vs. Bulk Flow

... • A major compartment in most mature plant cells is the vacuole, a large organelle that can occupy as much as 90% of more of the protoplast’s volume • The vacuolar membrane – Regulates transport between the cytosol and the vacuole Cell wall Transport proteins in the plasma membrane regulate traffic ...
PIPing on lysosome tubes
PIPing on lysosome tubes

Osmosis
Osmosis

... and when the diffusion takes place through a semi permeable membrane the process is called osmosis. • Also the movement of water down a concentration gradient from an area of high solvent concentration (weak solution) to an area of low solvent concentration (stronger solution.) ...
G protein-coupled receptor - Bryn Mawr School Faculty Web Pages
G protein-coupled receptor - Bryn Mawr School Faculty Web Pages

... controlled by multiple molecules Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
Plant Transport
Plant Transport

... The Endodermis – Is the innermost layer of cells in the root cortex – Surrounds the vascular cylinder and functions as the last checkpoint for the selective passage of minerals from the cortex into the vascular tissue • Water can cross the cortex via the symplast or apoplast • The waxy Casparian st ...
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Endomembrane system

The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell. These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments, or organelles. In eukaryotes the organelles of the endomembrane system include: the nuclear membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, endosomes and the cell membrane. The system is defined more accurately as the set of membranes that form a single functional and developmental unit, either being connected directly, or exchanging material through vesicle transport. Importantly, the endomembrane system does not include the membranes of mitochondria or chloroplasts.The nuclear membrane contains two lipid bilayers that encompass the contents of the nucleus. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a synthesis and transport organelle that branches into the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. The Golgi apparatus is a series of multiple compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell. Vacuoles, which are found in both plant and animal cells (though much bigger in plant cells), are responsible for maintaining the shape and structure of the cell as well as storing waste products. A vesicle is a relatively small, membrane-enclosed sac that stores or transports substances. The cell membrane, is a protective barrier that regulates what enters and leaves the cell. There is also an organelle known as the Spitzenkörper that is only found in fungi, and is connected with hyphal tip growth.In prokaryotes endomembranes are rare, although in many photosynthetic bacteria the plasma membrane is highly folded and most of the cell cytoplasm is filled with layers of light-gathering membrane. These light-gathering membranes may even form enclosed structures called chlorosomes in green sulfur bacteria.The organelles of the endomembrane system are related through direct contact or by the transfer of membrane segments as vesicles. Despite these relationships, the various membranes are not identical in structure and function. The thickness, molecular composition, and metabolic behavior of a membrane are not fixed, they may be modified several times during the membrane's life. One unifying characteristic the membranes share is a lipid bilayer, with proteins attached to either side or traversing them.
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