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344_final version - OPUS at UTS
344_final version - OPUS at UTS

... degradation, degradation of bipolar plates and degradation of other components, the change of the electrical conductivity or resistivity and the capacitance of the electrochemical doublelayer charge inside a PEMFC will cause the static and dynamic performance degradation of the fuel cell. The conclu ...
[edit] Reproduction
[edit] Reproduction

... (polyspermy), only one spermatozoal nucleus actually merges with the egg nucleus. The most important result of fertilization is egg activation, which allows the egg to undergo cell division. Activation, however, does not necessarily require the intervention of a spermatozoon; during parthenogenesis, ...
Somatic Cell Genealogies and Differentiation
Somatic Cell Genealogies and Differentiation

Sure, some prions can cause diseases, but others are
Sure, some prions can cause diseases, but others are

... HHMI scientists have begun to decipher another prion riddle— the existence of distinct “strains” of prions that produce different phenotypes. For example, the PrPSc prion causes several distinct neurological diseases in animals and humans. Each disease is slightly different in the length of its incu ...
the unfolded protein response in yeast and mammals Chris
the unfolded protein response in yeast and mammals Chris

... also abolishes the tunicamycin-dependent inducibility of BiP present in untransfected cells [20]. The function of the lumenal domain is also conserved: in chimeric proteins, the amino termini of the mammalian proteins can substitute for the yeast amino terminus in in vivo assays of UPR signaling [25 ...
Full-Text PDF
Full-Text PDF

... The interpretation of initial circular dichroic studies on the peptide diluted in pure water led to conclude that LL-37 adopted a random conformation in aqueous solution. It became rapidly obvious that the peptide could structure itself either in the presence of the salts found in physiological flui ...
ChChd3, an Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Protein, Is
ChChd3, an Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Protein, Is

Muscle Histo - By Dr Nand Lal Dhomeja
Muscle Histo - By Dr Nand Lal Dhomeja

... 1. Muscle tissue may be classified according to a morphological classification or a functional ...
Lectin Labeling of Sprouting Neurons I. Regional Distribution of
Lectin Labeling of Sprouting Neurons I. Regional Distribution of

Endocytosis of Particle Formulations by Macrophages
Endocytosis of Particle Formulations by Macrophages

... the mechanism of signal transduction associated with TLRs for understanding of the generation of undesirable immune responses. To overcome these problems, nanoparticles will be effective, because they are able to escape from endosomes into the cytosol, where these nanoparticles release drugs. Based ...
PDF
PDF

... the differences in fate that distinguish one cell from the produce mirror-symmetrical double embryos. In Tub$ex, yolk-poor cytoplasm accumulates at the polar regions other three in the four-cell embryo of the leech, Helob of the precleavage egg and the cell that inherits it gendella triserialis. Dif ...
- ISpatula
- ISpatula

... *auxin and cytokinin act antagonistically in regulating axillary bud growth. *auxin transported down the shoot from the apical bud inhibits axillary buds from growing . *cytokinin entering shoot system from root, signaling the axillary buds from growing. *if the apical buds (the primary source of au ...
Ultrastructure of last larval instar fat body cells of Pachycondyla
Ultrastructure of last larval instar fat body cells of Pachycondyla

... the fat body cell or trophocyte. The fat body cells of P. villosa have a tendency to be slightly round, and contain lipid droplets, vacuoles and protein granules (Ž g. 1). These cells do not show ultrastructural differences between those near the alimentary canal (perivisceral fat body) and those ne ...
The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa
The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa

... • Isolating materials that might be harmful or a threat to the cell • Containing waste products and/or water in plant cells • Maintaining internal hydrostatic pressure within the cell • Maintaining an acidic internal pH • Containing small molecules • Exporting unwanted substances from the cell • All ...
Cell Cycle Control in Arabidopsis
Cell Cycle Control in Arabidopsis

Trichohyalin, an Intermediate Filament
Trichohyalin, an Intermediate Filament

... the Mr 190,000 protein is located in the trichohyalin granules of both the medulla (Fig. 6) and IRS (Fig. 7). Note that only the trichohyalin granules were labeled and that the apparently emerging and closely-associated IRS filaments did not react. Likewise, there was no staining of the filaments of ...
Atypical Regulation of a Green Lineage-Specific B
Atypical Regulation of a Green Lineage-Specific B

... of cell cycle progression and the integration of developmental pathways. We have used a simple cellular system to investigate the control of cell cycle progression by CDK/cyclin partners. Ostreococcus (Ostreococcus tauri) is a marine photosynthetic picoeucaryote, which like plants belongs to the gre ...
Minus End-Directed Kinesin-Like Motor Protein
Minus End-Directed Kinesin-Like Motor Protein

... MTOC [Matthies et al., 1996; Merdes et al., 1996; Gaglio et al., 1996, 1997; Heald et al., 1996, 1997; Endow and Komma, 1997; Nédélec et al., 1997; Rodionov and Borisy, 1997]. It appears that MT motor proteins play an essential role in this process [reviewed in Merdes and Cleveland, 1997; Compton, ...
Vesicles versus Tubes: is ER-Golgi Transport in
Vesicles versus Tubes: is ER-Golgi Transport in

... been identified also in bright structures of unknown identity (Faso et al., 2009). It has ...
Lipids
Lipids

... Essential fatty acids include those which contain more than one double bonds (polysaturated fatty acids) e.g linolenic acids and arachidonic acids.This is because there are no human enzyme that can be introduced a double bond except at the ninth carbon atoms(9-10) position. ...
association of drg1 and drg2 with ribosomes from pea, arabidopsis
association of drg1 and drg2 with ribosomes from pea, arabidopsis

... molecular mass of ;43 kDa protein (the deduced mass is 41.1 kDa); smaller bands (possible degradation products) were seen only occasionally. DRG2 antibodies recognized bands with apparent molecular masses of 30, 43, and 45 kDa, which varied in abundance in different tissues. The predicted mass of DR ...
Exploring Proteins - Weber State University
Exploring Proteins - Weber State University

... • Immunoglobulins (antibodies) can be utilized as powerful analytical tools in biochemistry • An antibody (Immunoglobulin, Ig) is a complex protein formed by an animal in response to the presence of a foreign substance (most often foreign proteins). • An antibody usually exhibits specific and high ...
The Small GTPases Rho and Rac Are Required for the
The Small GTPases Rho and Rac Are Required for the

... strength to adhesion (Kemler, 1993; Brieher et al., 1996). In spite of the importance of cadherin function for many developmental processes and tumor metastasis, the model postulated for the regulation of cadherin-mediated cell– cell adhesion is still very fragmented. It is not known how the associa ...
Diel patterns of growth and division
Diel patterns of growth and division

... 1993). Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus are closely related cyanobacteria with different sizes and light-harvesting antenna systems that enable them to occupy different ecological niches (for a review, see Partensky et al. 1999a). In contrast, picoeukaryotes constitute a much wider taxonomic assemb ...
Mutational analysis supports a core role for Drosophila a
Mutational analysis supports a core role for Drosophila a

... Journal of Cell Science 125 (1) mutations extends the range of a-Catenin-associated functions in cadherin-based cell adhesion in Drosophila through analysis of a-Catenin function in late embryos, imaginal discs and ovaries. We present evidence arguing that all essential functions of aCatenin occur a ...
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Endomembrane system

The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell. These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments, or organelles. In eukaryotes the organelles of the endomembrane system include: the nuclear membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, endosomes and the cell membrane. The system is defined more accurately as the set of membranes that form a single functional and developmental unit, either being connected directly, or exchanging material through vesicle transport. Importantly, the endomembrane system does not include the membranes of mitochondria or chloroplasts.The nuclear membrane contains two lipid bilayers that encompass the contents of the nucleus. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a synthesis and transport organelle that branches into the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. The Golgi apparatus is a series of multiple compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell. Vacuoles, which are found in both plant and animal cells (though much bigger in plant cells), are responsible for maintaining the shape and structure of the cell as well as storing waste products. A vesicle is a relatively small, membrane-enclosed sac that stores or transports substances. The cell membrane, is a protective barrier that regulates what enters and leaves the cell. There is also an organelle known as the Spitzenkörper that is only found in fungi, and is connected with hyphal tip growth.In prokaryotes endomembranes are rare, although in many photosynthetic bacteria the plasma membrane is highly folded and most of the cell cytoplasm is filled with layers of light-gathering membrane. These light-gathering membranes may even form enclosed structures called chlorosomes in green sulfur bacteria.The organelles of the endomembrane system are related through direct contact or by the transfer of membrane segments as vesicles. Despite these relationships, the various membranes are not identical in structure and function. The thickness, molecular composition, and metabolic behavior of a membrane are not fixed, they may be modified several times during the membrane's life. One unifying characteristic the membranes share is a lipid bilayer, with proteins attached to either side or traversing them.
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