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Cell division in magnetotactic bacteria splits magnetosome chain in
Cell division in magnetotactic bacteria splits magnetosome chain in

... crystallisation [7, 8]. Recent work has identified an actin like filamentous protein (MamK) [9] to which the individual magnetosomes are attached in conjunction with the protein MamJ [10, 11] and this ordinates and aligns the magnetosomes forming a cytoskeletal chain structure down the cell [9 – 11] ...
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

... – HLA matching, intensify conditioning therapy, etc. ...
Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 1

... from a single representative experiment. (C) Cycling CR1-11 cells (CCl39 cells expressing ∆Raf-1:ER*) in complete medium (CM) were serum starved (SF) for 6 hours to induce Bim expression and formation of BimEL/Bcl-xL complexes. These cells were then stimulated for 1 hour with 100nM 4-hydroxytamoxife ...
The Body`s Defense System
The Body`s Defense System

... body and Internal defenses that help our body eliminate the harmful pathogens. Should be re-asked after slides 9-12 to allow for more specific answers concerning the white blood cells. Possible answers include: specialized white blood cells(T cells) attack and kill pathogens; some types of white blo ...
The Cell Membrane
The Cell Membrane

... Be sure to read about the Na+ - K+ pump in your book. It outlines the steps very clearly. 4. Explain (in detail) how the sodium potassium pumps works. 5. Name the organs (or tissues) in the human body that would not function without the sodium potassium pump. ...
Chapter 3 - Dr. Jennifer Capers
Chapter 3 - Dr. Jennifer Capers

... specific cell activities (upregulation of B and T cells); again tying innate and adaptive immunity ...
Chapter 5 - Dr. Jennifer Capers
Chapter 5 - Dr. Jennifer Capers

... specific cell activities (upregulation of B and T cells); again tying innate and adaptive immunity ...
Role of Excretion
Role of Excretion

... 5 Lungs soft organs where chemical exchange takes place 6 Bronchi enters each lung and separates into smaller tubes which lead to tiny air sacs 7 These sacs are called alveoli ( look like clusters of grapes, surrounded by capillaries where the gas exchange takes place ...
Amphibians Review #1 - local.brookings.k12.sd.us
Amphibians Review #1 - local.brookings.k12.sd.us

... It’s going to the lungs to pick up oxygen. ...
Essential Nutrients Overview Handout
Essential Nutrients Overview Handout

... and fat long before they could isolate the mystery ingredient in the laboratory. The mystery remained unsolved until 1913 when the unknown ingredient was finally discovered. As it turned out, it wasn't just one ingredient but several similar chemicals that we now call vitamins. Although each has a s ...
GAS EXCHANGE SURFACES FOR BIO
GAS EXCHANGE SURFACES FOR BIO

... can result in almost all of the property being transferred. By contrast, in the concurrent (or co-current, parallel) exchange system the two fluid flows are in the same direction. As the diagram shows, a concurrent exchange system has a variable gradient over the length of the exchanger and is only ...
5 circulatorysystem - Teacher Geeks
5 circulatorysystem - Teacher Geeks

... Your heart is mostly muscle tissue. It has only one function. Day and night, twenty-four hours a day, your heart pumps blood to every part of your body. Your circulatory system functions to help control your temperature, to fight disease, to carry oxygen, nutrients, and water to your cells, and to c ...
AH chp 12 pp
AH chp 12 pp

... – Dysfunction of the immune system caused by ...
Name: Period:______ Date:____________ Incredible Human
Name: Period:______ Date:____________ Incredible Human

... 1. ______________ What is the largest single organ in the human body? 2. _______ How much particles of skin do we shed each hour? 3. ___________What is the % of dust in our homes is made of skin? 4. ______ _____ How long does it take for us to develop a new coat of skin? 5. _______How many holes or ...
Absolute Antibody – Engineered antibodies for all
Absolute Antibody – Engineered antibodies for all

© Centura Foods Ltd
© Centura Foods Ltd

... there would be a danger that poisonous substances could diffuse in and kill the cell If all the substances in a cell could diffuse out the cell would lose essential substances (e.g. glucose) needed to keep the cell alive In fact, although the cell membrane does allow some substances (e.g. oxygen and ...
40Animal Structure - Mid
40Animal Structure - Mid

... Animals w/o a circulatory system must keep a large SA/Volume ratio Multi-celled Animals are two layered thick so each cell is in contact with the environment. ...
The Cell Membrane
The Cell Membrane

...  solution: take up water or pump out salt I ...
PRIME Program for Research on Immune Modeling
PRIME Program for Research on Immune Modeling

... Contur Software AB: Electronic Laboratory System (ImmunELN) • BioAnalytics Group LLC • University at Buffalo (ontologies) ...
Pset 5 Solutions
Pset 5 Solutions

... important since it is used for intracellular signaling or transferring the effect of other ligands such as adrenaline, which otherwise cannot enter the cell. It also shows a transient expression meaning it is available and functional only for a short time following which it gets degraded by the phos ...
Review guide – Trimester 1 Finals General Biology – 2012 Chapter
Review guide – Trimester 1 Finals General Biology – 2012 Chapter

... Explain with a diagram or words how and why molecules will diffuse across a membrane or through a medium. How do proteins work to facilitate diffusion? When does osmosis occur and how is it different or similar to diffusion? Compare and contrast the response of animal and plant cells to immersion in ...
Lectures 1-10 (word)
Lectures 1-10 (word)

... • Miller’s studies were the first to show the formation of monomers • anaerobic conditions (like in the primitive atmosphere) promote polymer formation - some perhaps requiring a clay surface • the formation of short RNA strands can also occur spontaneously • replication using existing RNA as a temp ...
Urinary System - Booklet 2
Urinary System - Booklet 2

... • Components of urinary system are: – 2 kidneys – 2 ureters – Urinary bladder – urethra ...
LARGE ANIMALS ANATOMY ORGAN SYSTEMS
LARGE ANIMALS ANATOMY ORGAN SYSTEMS

... cattle the size of dewclaws is much smaller than the size of hoofs and so they never touch the ground, however e.g. in pigs they are only a little smaller than hoofs, and can reach the soft ground or when jumping. Finally, some hoofed animals as horses have no dewclaws. The cardiovascular system com ...
Transport
Transport

... Jun Min Jung ...
< 1 ... 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 ... 1638 >

Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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