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...  Pellicle (stiff, flexible covering)  Anal Pore (wastes leave here) ...
Stages of Mitosis
Stages of Mitosis

... In cell (F) the movement of the two complete sets of chromosomes toward the poles of the cell is much further advanced. AS soon as the two sets of chromosomes reach the region of the poles, they will begin to organize themselves into two complete nuclei. The number and kind of chromosome in each of ...
The Protists Kingdom
The Protists Kingdom

... animal-like features ...
Microcirculation
Microcirculation

... The lymphatic system acts as a secondary circulatory system, except that it collaborates with white blood cells in lymph nodes to protect the body from being infected by cancer cells, fungi, viruses or bacteria. Unlike the circulatory system, the lymphatic system is not closed and has no central pum ...
Revision
Revision

... The biology department identified a need through programmatic assessment, and subsequently developed this one-semester course as filling a critical need in fulfilling learning objectives for science and pre-health majors who require a rigorous introductory biology course but do not major in biology. ...
BIO 1B Biology, Second Semester To the Student: After your
BIO 1B Biology, Second Semester To the Student: After your

... systems have basic properties that can be described in space, time, energy, and matter. Change and constancy occur in systems as patterns and can be observed, measured, and modeled. These patterns help to make predictions that can be scientifically tested. Students should analyze a system in terms o ...
Which is more proximal?
Which is more proximal?

... 12. Homeostasis is the bodies way of a. Making red blood cells b. Maintaining a state of equilibrium c. Cleaning out the blood d. Making waste to be removed from the body ...
Sickle Cell Anemia
Sickle Cell Anemia

... 2. Why has natural selection NOT acted against the sickle cell allele in Africa by reduced its frequency in the African population? (In other words, why is this fatal allele so common in Africa?) The defective allele is common in central Africa because people who are heterozygous (Aa) for the sickle ...
medullary cords
medullary cords

... • Outer (superficial) cortical region: contains separate masses of lymphoid tissue called lymphoid follicles. Primary follicles do not respond to antigen. Secondary follicles contain predominately B cells (with lightly staining germinal centers). They are active follicles responding to antigen and a ...
lab8
lab8

... Some microorganism inhibited or killed by different concentration of solute such as NaCl or sugars as a result of their effect on the osmotic pressure of the medium. ...
COMMENTARY Aristotle: the first student of angiogenesis
COMMENTARY Aristotle: the first student of angiogenesis

... differentiating in situ from groups of mesoderm-derived angioblasts.6 The vascular network of certain endodermal organs, including the liver, lungs, pancreas, stomach/intestine and spleen, occurs indeed by vasculogenesis. Several observations indicate that vasculogenesis may not be restricted to ear ...
Biology Review
Biology Review

... 25. Yeasts and bacteria undergo __________________ fermentation in the absence of oxygen. 26. Glycolysis occurs in which part of the cell? ________________. Is it anaerobic or aerobic? _____________ 27. In aerobic cellular respiration, glycolysis is followed by the __________ ________ ___________and ...
L4 Evaluation of plant drugs
L4 Evaluation of plant drugs

... • Contain characteristic contents of living protoplasts » Eg nucleus, cytoplasm, vacuoles, plastids, mitochondria ...
Movement Through The cell New Notes
Movement Through The cell New Notes

... Sugar cannot move freely across the membrane because it is too big. The water moves from where there is more water to the area where there is more sugar. So—in this situation, the water moves from an area of Low concentration of Solute to an area of High concentration of Solute. ...
Ch. 7-3 and 7-4 Vocabulary
Ch. 7-3 and 7-4 Vocabulary

... A hypotonic solution is any solution that has a lower osmotic pressure than another solution. In the biological fields, this generally refers to a solution that has less solute and more water than another solution. ...
phosphate buffer system
phosphate buffer system

... • Almost 99.9% of the filtered HCO3 is reabsorbed • The reabsorption rate can be calculated by comparing the filtered load of HCO3 with the excretion rate of HCO3 • If the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is 180 L/day and the plasma HCO3 concentration is 24 mEq/L, then the filtered load is 4320 mEq ...
Bacterial growth
Bacterial growth

... osmophile grows at high solute concentration, and so on. This nomenclature will be employed in this section to describe the response of the procaryotes to a variety of physical conditions ...
Ch. 29 PowerPoint Notes
Ch. 29 PowerPoint Notes

...  Visceral mass  Central section containing the organs  Mantle  heavy fold of tissue forming the outer layer of the body  Foot  Muscular region used for locomotion ...
Multi-organ damage resulting from experimental
Multi-organ damage resulting from experimental

... lung, kidney, liver, heart and spleen were taken for light microscopy (LM) and for transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Tissue for TEM was fixed in 3% (v/v) glutaraldehyde in cacodylate buffer, post-fixed in 1% (w/v) osmium tetroxide in buffer, dehydrated in ascending concentra ...
Syllabus - Rich Mountain Community College
Syllabus - Rich Mountain Community College

... Define the difference between anatomy and physiology Identify and define three major components of the cell Discuss the stages of mitosis and explain the importance of cellular reproduction Differentiate between tissues, organs, and systems Describe the four types of body tissues Discuss the two typ ...
Plant and Animal Cells Booklet
Plant and Animal Cells Booklet

... 2. Create a PowerPoint or PhotoStory presentation containing illustrations, pictures, and information about the cell. 3. Your presentation should contain at least 8 slides including a title slide and a slide for references. Anytime you get information, video, or picture from a site, you must include ...
Drugs acting via ion channels and transporters
Drugs acting via ion channels and transporters

... Increase of affinity binding space for GABA Increase of opening frequency of chloride channel – due to input chlorides into cell is hyperpolarized membrane and thereby lower excitability of cell ...
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... mammalian cells with predictable properties? Pamela SILVER Department of System Biology Harvard Medical School ...
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH NAME: Wei Jiang eRA COMMONS USER
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH NAME: Wei Jiang eRA COMMONS USER

... goal includes the discovery of mechanisms regulating such diseases using innovative tools and the development of reagents aimed at modulating these immune disorders. I joined Dr. Eric T. Boder’s group at University of Pennsylvania in 2004. Dr. Boder invented the classical yeast display for engineeri ...
Hematopoiesis: WBCs and platelets
Hematopoiesis: WBCs and platelets

... Before we leave granulocyte development, it should be emphasized that all cell development is a continuum, and the stages we describe here are a way for humans to organize the content, similar to stages of mitosis. Obviously, many cells will be between stages. For example, here is a cell we’ll call ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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