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A Gene Required for the Separation of Chromosomes on the Spindle Apparatus in Yeast.
A Gene Required for the Separation of Chromosomes on the Spindle Apparatus in Yeast.

... cells grown at 30% were shifted to 13% for 18 hr (about 1.5 generation times). At this time most of the cells had accumulated as large-budded doublets, nearly all of which had nuclear DNA in only one cell body (Table 1). The large-budded doublet cells were micromanipulated to prerecorded positions o ...
Rab8 Promotes Polarized Membrane Transport through
Rab8 Promotes Polarized Membrane Transport through

... protein, indicate that these two cytoskeletal elements could interact with each other (see Langford, 1995; Glotzer and Hyman, 1995). In this paper, we have demonstrated a link between post-Golgi membrane traffic and cytoskeletal organization during the formation of cell protrusions in fibroblasts. T ...
bacteria basics
bacteria basics

... shows,
including
the
specimen’s
shape
and
structures
 YES
I
underlined
the
key
terms
I
used
in
my
description
 ...
Chapter 22 – Gas Exchange 22.1 Overview: Gas exchange involves
Chapter 22 – Gas Exchange 22.1 Overview: Gas exchange involves

... However, the amount of dissolved oxygen in water is considerably less than it is in air and the saltier the water, the less oxygen it holds.  Structure of the gills – there are four supporting gill arches on each side of the body. Two rows of filaments project from each arch. Each filament has stru ...
EspF review - Newcastle University Staff Publishing Service
EspF review - Newcastle University Staff Publishing Service

... has not been demonstrated in vivo with EPEC, evidence is accumulating that apoptosis is a specific EspF-mediated event associated with C. rodentium infection. It is unclear why there are differences in the results of in vivo infection studies, but it is possible that different experimental condition ...
Erythropoietin
Erythropoietin

... specialized and are sensitive to low oxygen levels in the blood. These cells release EPO when the oxygen level is low in the kidney. EPO then stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red cells and thereby increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Erythropoietin is produced by the kidneys ...
Molecular role of GATA binding protein 4 (GATA
Molecular role of GATA binding protein 4 (GATA

... Results: Cardiac output was lowered in STZ-induced diabetic rats. In addition, higher expressions of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and phosphorylated GATA-4 were identified in these rats by Western blotting. The changes were reversed by treatment with insulin or phlorizin after correction of the blood s ...
Seminar Paper - LENS - The University of Auckland
Seminar Paper - LENS - The University of Auckland

... The  method  decided  on  was  to  partially  DOWN  REGULATE  the  ABP1  protein  so  that  there  was  less  ABP1  than  normal, but there was some being produced.  This was achieved both in cell tissue culture and whole plants using  tobacco plants and Arabidopsis (a small fast growing plant that  ...
Involvement of MMP-7 in invasion of pancreatic cancer cells through
Involvement of MMP-7 in invasion of pancreatic cancer cells through

... Results: The active form of the MMP-7 protein was expressed exclusively in the conditioned medium of dissociated (PC-1.0 and AsPC-1) pancreatic cancer cells, whereas proMMP-7 protein was only detected in the conditioned medium of non-dissociated (PC-1 and Capan-2) cells. Both intracellular and condi ...
Super Bug by Dr. Sarma
Super Bug by Dr. Sarma

... Inappropriate empiric antibiotic therapy can lead to increases in: – mortality – morbidity – length of hospital stay – cost burden – resistance selection A number of studies have demonstrated the benefits of early use of appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy for patients with nosocomial infections ...
Modulation of Neutrophil Apoptosis (Programmed Cell Death) by
Modulation of Neutrophil Apoptosis (Programmed Cell Death) by

... with both monoclonal antibody probes, that have previously identified both dendritic cells and classic macrophages (Poulter et al, 1986). When isolated from normal BAL, this AM subpopulation exhibits distinctive physiological and functional features: the cells adhere to glass, are phagocytic, with F ...
Document
Document

... Pharmacokinetic studies and risk analysis/risk management procedures have been applied in order to establish screening method limitations for therapeutic substances. Administration studies were then performed at manufacturer’s recommended therapeutic dose levels and dosing regimens for a number of p ...
The Circulatory System: Blood Vessels and circulation
The Circulatory System: Blood Vessels and circulation

... • arterioles are most significant point of control over peripheral resistance and flow – on proximal side of capillary beds and best positioned to regulate flow into the capillaries – outnumber any other type of artery, providing the most numerous control points – more muscular in proportion to thei ...
Olympiads | Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education
Olympiads | Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education

... having freely movable starch grains. On further investigation, similar cells were found in the root cap of several other plants. The most likely function of these cells is: a. to give mechanical strength to the root cap. b. to provide ready source of energy required for rapid cell divisions at the r ...
Chapter 35.
Chapter 35.

... photosynthetic cells, storage cells tissue of leaves, stem, fruit, storage roots ...
ACID-BASE BALANCE
ACID-BASE BALANCE

... processes are not removed or buffered, the body’s pH would drop Significant drops in pH interferes with cell ...
tetraploidy checkpoint - The Journal of Cell Biology
tetraploidy checkpoint - The Journal of Cell Biology

... mononucleate cells and 41.3% of binucleate cells incorporated BrdU (Table I). Time-lapse records revealed that 12 of 20 mononucleate cells went through a normal mitosis, whereas none of the six binucleate cells entered mitosis within 72 h of cytochalasin removal (Table I). The same phenomena were ob ...
Introduction to Sierra Molecular Page 1 INTRODUCTION TO
Introduction to Sierra Molecular Page 1 INTRODUCTION TO

... various sectors of the diagnostic and biotech community. Present commercial applications tend to be in the area of molecular diagnostics. These applications occur over a full range of sample matrices, principally for genomic identification of bacterial, viral, and other pathogens. Customers rely on ...
When Cells Tell Their Neighbors Which Direction to Divide
When Cells Tell Their Neighbors Which Direction to Divide

... diameter apart) also failed to cause rotation (BG, unpublished). As expected, contact-induced rotation could be prevented by treating cells with a microtubule-depolymerizing drug. The results suggest that the interaction affects spindle orientation by inducing a cortical site which captures astral m ...
4 Points: Hard - Cloudfront.net
4 Points: Hard - Cloudfront.net

... • 2) Lose weight 1) If a cell is placed within salt water, where is the high water concentration? 2) Will the cell gain or lose weight? ...
The Phylum Molluska - MUGAN'S BIOLOGY PAGE
The Phylum Molluska - MUGAN'S BIOLOGY PAGE

... What is their excretory system like? • The excretory functions are carried out by a pair of nephridia – Nephridia are tubular structures that collects fluids from the coelom and exchange salts and other substances with body tissues as the fluid passes along the tubules for excretion ...
© NCERT not to be republished
© NCERT not to be republished

... In case of slide of animal tissue a few mitotically dividing spermatogonial cells may also be seen. ...
Kingdom Animalia
Kingdom Animalia

... – In redundant segmentation, each segment contains most or all of the adult organ systems, such that damage to any one segment is not fatal to the organism ...
Conformation of cytoskeletal elements during the
Conformation of cytoskeletal elements during the

... several cycles after being infected by endosymbiotic rhizobia. The conformation of the cytoskeletal elements of nodule cells was studied by fluorescence labelling, immunocytochemistry, and laser confocal and transmission electron microscopy. The dividing infected cells showed the normal microtubule a ...
Phylum Cnidaria
Phylum Cnidaria

... epidermis and lines the outside gastrodermis and lines the digestive Between these two membrane layers is a non-living, jelly-like mesoglea connective layer. In terms ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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