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SCQF level 5
SCQF level 5

... Learning Outcome 1 should be assessed by short answer or multiple choice question response. Candidates should be able to correctly identify the basic anatomical structures of each of the following four human body systems; skeletal system, muscular system, cardiovascular system and the respiratory sy ...
anatomy of begonia lucernae wettst. (begoniaceae) leaf
anatomy of begonia lucernae wettst. (begoniaceae) leaf

... The family Begoniaceae consists of two genera: Begonia Linnaeus, with approximately 1,500 species and pantropical distribution (spread in Central and Southern America, Asia, Africa, the Pacific Isles) and the monospecific Hillebrandia Oliver, from the Hawaiian Islands (Jacques & Mamede, 2005). Begon ...
Biology 20 Student Notes Ciculatory System To Evolution_1
Biology 20 Student Notes Ciculatory System To Evolution_1

...  The nitrogen cycle is a biogeochemical cycle that shows how nitrogen is converted into different forms as it is transported through the air, water, and soil. All organisms require nitrogen to make proteins and genetic material (DNA).  Nitrogen in the Air: Nitrogen gas (N2) makes up 78.1 percent o ...
22%-efficiency hit solar cell
22%-efficiency hit solar cell

The Arabidopsis Exocyst Complex Is Involved in Cytokinesis and
The Arabidopsis Exocyst Complex Is Involved in Cytokinesis and

... exocyst was also revealed to be crucial for seed coat development (Kulich et al., 2010) and pollen–pistil interaction (Samuel et al., 2009). The study of plant exocyst regulators is only beginning; however, Lavy et al. (2007) demonstrated that the SEC3 subunit interacts with plant-specific Rho GTPas ...
There are many different systems involved in when we exercise, the
There are many different systems involved in when we exercise, the

... like elastic so they can move. Next is the tunica intima this is an lining and is made out of endothial cells . After that is the lumen , the lumen is the hollow centre this is not as wide as the vein’s lumen. This creates a higher pressure which makes blood get around the body quicker. ...
Lecture #11 – Animal Circulation and Gas Exchange Systems
Lecture #11 – Animal Circulation and Gas Exchange Systems

... • Gas exchange and other transfers occur in the capillary beds • Muscle contractions determine which beds are “open” Brain, heart, kidneys and liver are generally always fully open Digestive system capillaries open after a meal Skeletal muscle capillaries open during exercise etc… ...
Lowbush Cranberries as a Way to Fight Weight and Diabetes
Lowbush Cranberries as a Way to Fight Weight and Diabetes

... used lowbush cranberries collected from around Whapmagoostui. Our previous studies† had told us  That lowbush cranberries held promise for lowering blood sugar levels (based on lab tests).  That the “active” ingredients in the berries are something called quercetin, and its spin-off products. (It ...
Tyrosine kinase receptor-activated signal transduction
Tyrosine kinase receptor-activated signal transduction

... of BAD, a protein involved in apoptotic and antiapoptotic signaling. There is also cross-talk between RTKs and the oncostatin cytokine receptor which may positively and negatively in¯uence oncogenesis. For this review, we will focus on oncogenic RTKs and the network of cellular proteins that are act ...
Haematopoietic and immune defects associated with GATA2 mutation
Haematopoietic and immune defects associated with GATA2 mutation

... and malignancy. Although often healthy in childhood, carriers of defective GATA2 alleles develop progressive loss of mononuclear cells (dendritic cells, monocytes, B and Natural Killer lymphocytes), elevated FLT3 ligand, and a 90% risk of clinical complications, including progression to myelodysplas ...
Paclitaxel-induced microtubule stabilization causes mitotic block
Paclitaxel-induced microtubule stabilization causes mitotic block

... The cell proliferation assays were performed on agar plates and in liquid medium. Yeast strains MGY1, MGY1-tax, AD1-8 and AD1-8-tax were incubated overnight in YPD medium at 30 ◦ C to stationary phase. A sample of each culture was serially diluted in 10-fold steps up to a 106 dilution. Each dilution ...
gcat.davidson.edu
gcat.davidson.edu

... Calcium in Plant Signaling ● Calcium is extremely important in signal transduction in the cell. ● Changes in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration trigger events in the cell such as enzyme activation. ● Ca2+ events often involve complex molecular interactions such as phosphorylation cascades. ...
Cajal 88 Trends
Cajal 88 Trends

... ances. Although the 'cellular' nature of horizontal cells is now beyond doubt, it is interesting that modern studies have pointed out some syncytial characteristics of the organization of horizontal cells (see Ref. 14). Adjacent horizontal cells are connected by gap junctions 15'16, whose basic comp ...
Somite-derived cells replace ventral aortic
Somite-derived cells replace ventral aortic

... and provide aortic smooth muscle cells of the trunk Claire Pouget1, Rodolphe Gautier1, Marie-Aimee Teillet1,2 and Thierry Jaffredo1,* We have previously shown that endothelial cells of the aortic floor give rise to hematopoietic cells, revealing the existence of an aortic hemangioblast. It has been ...
Pattern formation during gastrulation in the sea urchin embryo
Pattern formation during gastrulation in the sea urchin embryo

... Two kinds of studies demonstrate that skeletogenesis is largely a cell autonomous property of the primary mesenchyme cells. First, Okazaki's studies (Okazaki, 1975) demonstrated that micromeres could be isolated at the 16cell stage, and grown in culture (with only the addition of horse serum), where ...
The cell cycle and pluripotency
The cell cycle and pluripotency

... Geminin (HUGO approved symbol GMNN) is down-regulated in trophoblast giant cells and the ablation of geminin is sufficient to cause commitment of pluripotent inner cell mass cells to the trophoblast lineage [33]. In addition to its role in preventing endoreplication, geminin is present in G1 in mESC ...
(From tl~ Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute far Medical
(From tl~ Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute far Medical

... can no longer multiply. Most of the experiments were carried out on the coli system so that this will be discussed first and in more detail. Table I shows that at a mustard concentration of 0.8 X 10-8 ~ the phage formation is still 50 per cent or more of the untreated control but the number of organ ...
references - Acusmatica.org
references - Acusmatica.org

... similar way than a string quartet, although each MCF has a distinctive musical voice in terms of timbre and gesture. The interaction among them goes further due to the fact that the data provided by each MCF is not only converted into musical parameters but also into mechanical instructions. For in ...
Provided for non-commercial research and educational use only
Provided for non-commercial research and educational use only

... and to consider interactions between a small number functional entities rather than between individual proteins. Such entities could capture essential features of single proteins or of protein complexes. Depending on the context, it is thus sometimes useful to emphasize the aspect of self-organizati ...
The chemokine SDF1/CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 regulate
The chemokine SDF1/CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 regulate

... (C) Cxcr4 message is enriched in PGCs relative to the somatic tissue. The level of Cxcr4 transcripts in E11.5 PGCs (GFP+) or somatic tissue (GFP–) were quantified by SYBR-green based RT-PCR. The meiotic marker, STAG3 (Pezzi et al., 2000) was used as a positive control for PGCs, and the gonadal marke ...
ch_06_clicker_questions
ch_06_clicker_questions

... the fusion of two cells to create a new, larger cell a process in which a cell grows and divides to produce two new daughter cells ...
LIGHT MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF PORELLA PLATYPHYLLA (L
LIGHT MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF PORELLA PLATYPHYLLA (L

... -80°C. The reason for this is that the longer and slower freezing process could cause the formation of large ice crystals which destroy membrane systems and organelles too. Cells were unimpaired after the rapid and short frost effect at -80°C. When the cells were coloured with neutral red before fre ...
Information, Noise and Communication: Thresholds as Controlling
Information, Noise and Communication: Thresholds as Controlling

... have enabled comparison of copy numbers of specific proteins and mRNAs between individual cells from the same culture. Lango and Hasty (2006) list 25 papers that have used this technology. The ultimate has been the imaging of the synthesis of individual protein and mRNA molecules. The most common de ...
FREE Sample Here
FREE Sample Here

... 46) Amoebae move by crawling over a surface (cell crawling), which involves _____. A) growth of actin filaments to form bulges in the plasma membrane B) setting up microtubule extensions that vesicles can follow in the movement of cytoplasm C) reinforcing the pseudopod with intermediate filaments D) ...
50116Xm1Review
50116Xm1Review

... Clinical Cancer in Patients Clinical Trials (Phase I, Phase II, and Phase III) Dr. Steve Graziano: Lung Cancer Therapy (Last week of class) ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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