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Cellular Transport Notes
Cellular Transport Notes

... Cell Membrane • Its function is to maintain a balance called homeostasis within the cell. • Remember that the cell membrane is semipermeable or selectively permeable. It controls how, when, and how much stuff enters and leaves the cell. It is picky. ...
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... functions, and lead to pleomorphic changes present in neoplasia. The presence of an abnormal structural component in plasma membrane may lead to morphologic changes, appearance of new antigenicity, change in permeability, and alteration in the function of membraneassociated enzymes. T h e interactio ...
Recombinant LONG®R3IGF-1 and rTransferrin
Recombinant LONG®R3IGF-1 and rTransferrin

... LONG®R3 IGF‐1 is a human IGF‐1 analog containing a 13 amino acid N‐terminal extension and a mutation at position 3. It  activates the Type 1 IGF receptor, which is responsible for growth‐promoting and protein synthesis effects in CHO cells. A  common growth factor supplement used in CHO media, insul ...
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... Epigenetic regulation of Cellular Identity Epi- (greek: “over, above”) genetic: heritable changes in gene expression via mechanisms that are separate from the DNA sequence and regulated by environmental signals. Environment Organism level: Nutrition, Behavior, Pollution, Sun light, Toxins, Circadia ...
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Amitosis

Amitosis (a- + mitosis) is absence of mitosis, the usual form of cell division in the cells of eukaryotes. There are several senses in which eukaryotic cells can be amitotic. One refers to capability for non-mitotic division and the other refers to lack of capability for division. In one sense of the word, which is now mostly obsolete, amitosis is cell division in eukaryotic cells that happens without the usual features of mitosis as seen on microscopy, namely, without nuclear envelope breakdown and without formation of mitotic spindle and condensed chromosomes as far as microscopy can detect. However, most examples of cell division formerly thought to belong to this supposedly ""non-mitotic"" class, such as the division of unicellular eukaryotes, are today recognized as belonging to a class of mitosis called closed mitosis. A spectrum of mitotic activity can be categorized as open, semi-closed, and closed mitosis, depending on the fate of the nuclear envelope. An exception is the division of ciliate macronucleus, which is not mitotic, and the reference to this process as amitosis may be the only legitimate use of the ""non-mitotic division"" sense of the term today. In animals and plants which normally have open mitosis, the microscopic picture described in the 19th century as amitosis most likely corresponded to apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death associated with fragmentation of the nucleus and cytoplasm. Relatedly, even in the late 19th century cytologists mentioned that in larger life forms, amitosis is a ""forerunner of degeneration"".Another sense of amitotic refers to cells of certain tissues that are usually no longer capable of mitosis once the organism has matured into adulthood. In humans this is true of various muscle and nerve tissue types; if the existing ones are damaged, they cannot be replaced with new ones of equal capability. For example, cardiac muscle destroyed by heart attack and nerves destroyed by piercing trauma usually cannot regenerate. In contrast, skin cells are capable of mitosis throughout adulthood; old skin cells that die and slough off are replaced with new ones. Human liver tissue also has a sort of dormant regenerative ability; it is usually not needed or expressed but can be elicited if needed.
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