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... relative positions of the focal planes of Figures 2B–D as indicated at the bottom of Figure 2A, or by calculating the radii from the positions of the individual images presented as Figures 2B–D in the original image stack (compare File S1 in Supplementary Material). Thus, we can compute the distance ...
How and why cells grow as rods Open Access Fred Chang
How and why cells grow as rods Open Access Fred Chang

... (glycan strands) oriented along the circumferential direction [12]. It will be interesting to discover whether there is mechanical anisotropy in plant cell walls, or whether they are more like the fission yeast cell wall. It is important to note that the anisotropy of growth (elongation along only o ...
Diel patterns of growth and division
Diel patterns of growth and division

... 1993). Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus are closely related cyanobacteria with different sizes and light-harvesting antenna systems that enable them to occupy different ecological niches (for a review, see Partensky et al. 1999a). In contrast, picoeukaryotes constitute a much wider taxonomic assemb ...
II-Expressing Microvesicles at Their Surface Follicular Dendritic
II-Expressing Microvesicles at Their Surface Follicular Dendritic

... often have a multivesicular phenotype (12, 13). The internal vesicles of multivesicular MIICs are probably formed by inward budding from the limiting membrane (14), a process that seems to require phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity (15). Multivesicular MIICs can fuse with the plasma membrane in ...
Diffusion Modeling of snRNP Dynamics
Diffusion Modeling of snRNP Dynamics

Embryonic stem cells assume a primitive neural stem cell fate in the
Embryonic stem cells assume a primitive neural stem cell fate in the

... development and the mechanisms that govern this process remain incompletely characterized. Such cells are likely to be neural precursors or stem cells, though the ontogeny of the neural stem cell (NSC), which can be isolated from embryonic and adult forebrain (Weiss et al., 1996; Gage, 2000), has no ...
Secretion of a murine retroviral Env associated with resistance to
Secretion of a murine retroviral Env associated with resistance to

... of MoMLV envelope was released from the cells. Comparable data were obtained with the other two MoMLV envelope cell lines. Several other groups have reported that ecotropic MuLV SU glycoproteins are only weakly released from envelopeexpressing cells (Heard & Danos, 1991 ; Battini et al., 1995). In c ...
Impact of the cell lifecycle on bacteriophage T4 infection
Impact of the cell lifecycle on bacteriophage T4 infection

... cell age was normalized to account for small cycle-tocycle variability during SCF operation (see Supporting Information, Fig. S1). Cell density has also been normalized to facilitate comparison between experiments. (For each experiment the cell density was divided by the final cell concentration.) T ...
Matching Terms Test
Matching Terms Test

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Evolution and Taxonomy
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... • Organisms are classified into groups based on: – Phylogeny – How closely related organisms are – DNA – How similar the DNA is ...
3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A
3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A

... • Passive transport requires no energy from the cell. • Active transport is powered by chemical energy (ATP). • Active transport occurs through transport protein pumps. • Cells use active transport to maintain homeostasis. ...
Automated Signal Counting for SISH, Dual CISH
Automated Signal Counting for SISH, Dual CISH

Curriculum Vitae - Purdue Department of Biological Sciences
Curriculum Vitae - Purdue Department of Biological Sciences

... Microsequencing of the purified protein identified it as a pectin methyl esterase (PME) that binds P30 and, thus, may function as a specific P30 receptor during viral cell-to-cell movement. Supporting this idea, our results demonstrate that P30-PME interaction involves P30 domains required for its f ...
ch_03_lecture_outline
ch_03_lecture_outline

... Telophase • Begins when chromosome movement stops • The two sets of chromosomes uncoil to form chromatin • New nuclear membrane forms around each chromatin mass • Nucleoli reappear • Spindle disappears ...
Hepatosplenic gamma/delta T-Cell Lymphoma in Bone Marrow A
Hepatosplenic gamma/delta T-Cell Lymphoma in Bone Marrow A

... of blasts increased. Seven patients died; 1 was lost to follow-up. Autopsy performed on 1 patient demonstrated malignant cells within vascular channels in all organs sampled, with relatively little tumor formation, resembling intravascular lymphoma at these sites. HSTCL often can be recognized in bo ...
separation of cell types from embryonic chicken and rat spinal cord
separation of cell types from embryonic chicken and rat spinal cord

... Cells dissociated from embryonic nerve tissues retain many of their morphological and biochemical characteristics. Tissue explants and cells dissociated from several nerve tissues, including spinal cord, have been successfully maintained in vitro, and the properties of both glial and neuronal cells ...
Cephalostatin 1 Selectively Triggers the Release
Cephalostatin 1 Selectively Triggers the Release

... A current view of drug-induced apoptosis emphasizes the role of different cell organelles [e.g., mitochondria, cytoskeleton, nucleus, plasma membrane, lysosomes, and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)] as stress sensors that either reroute the signal directly through mitochondria or in some cases activa ...
bone marrow targeting and targeting to lysosomal
bone marrow targeting and targeting to lysosomal

...  Both the coated and uncoated particles were administered intravenously to rabbits.  The blood samples were taken and radioactivity was measured using gamma counter.  Gamma camera scans of rabbits clearly demonstrated that the uncoated polystyrene particles were largely taken up by liver and spl ...
m5zn_aa487bab657cf4d
m5zn_aa487bab657cf4d

... Microbes that live in the intestinal tracts of animals aid in the digestion of food and produce beneficial substances E. coli, vit K, B1 For many years, microorganisms have been used as “cell models”; the more that scientists learned about microbial cells, the more they learned about cells in genera ...
Hyaluronidase enhances the activity of Adriamycin in breast cancer
Hyaluronidase enhances the activity of Adriamycin in breast cancer

... In vivo testing on the M X T M3.2 mammary carcinoma. Animals were housed in Macrolon cages (size III, Ehret, Memmingen, FRG) at an ambient temperature of 21 ~ C with a 12-h light/dark cycle. Mice were fed with laboratory animal chow (H-1003, Alma, Kempten, FRG) and water was provided ad libitum. The ...
Plant Cell - WordPress.com
Plant Cell - WordPress.com

... EVALUATION Cell wall is made of -----. Why lysosomes are called suicidal bags? What is the difference between plant cell and animal cell? ...
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CP Bio PPT\Ch.7 - Cells\Sec 3

... Endocytosis and Exocytosis Endocytosis – engulfing materials into cell. The pocket breaks loose and form a vacuole within the cytoplasm. Two examples are: ...
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COMPLETE BIOLOGY Table of contents I. Chemistry II. Cells III

... - Channel proteins: provide passageway through membrane for hydrophilic (water-soluble) substances (polar, and charged). **- Recognition proteins: such as major-histocompatibility complex on macrophage to distinguish between self and foreign; they are glycoproteins due to oligosaccharides attached. ...
Foreword
Foreword

... o Building of new/improved products from recycled fibres. Many mills exclusively utilize recovered papers as a raw material. However, they focus on existing products such as paper and board, molded trays and boxes, insulating material. Development in the area is slow due to the absence of fresh know ...
Regulation of the cytoplasmic accumulation of 5
Regulation of the cytoplasmic accumulation of 5

... membrane. The unlabeled folate did not displace receptor-bound [3H]folate at 4-C. ...
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Amitosis

Amitosis (a- + mitosis) is absence of mitosis, the usual form of cell division in the cells of eukaryotes. There are several senses in which eukaryotic cells can be amitotic. One refers to capability for non-mitotic division and the other refers to lack of capability for division. In one sense of the word, which is now mostly obsolete, amitosis is cell division in eukaryotic cells that happens without the usual features of mitosis as seen on microscopy, namely, without nuclear envelope breakdown and without formation of mitotic spindle and condensed chromosomes as far as microscopy can detect. However, most examples of cell division formerly thought to belong to this supposedly ""non-mitotic"" class, such as the division of unicellular eukaryotes, are today recognized as belonging to a class of mitosis called closed mitosis. A spectrum of mitotic activity can be categorized as open, semi-closed, and closed mitosis, depending on the fate of the nuclear envelope. An exception is the division of ciliate macronucleus, which is not mitotic, and the reference to this process as amitosis may be the only legitimate use of the ""non-mitotic division"" sense of the term today. In animals and plants which normally have open mitosis, the microscopic picture described in the 19th century as amitosis most likely corresponded to apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death associated with fragmentation of the nucleus and cytoplasm. Relatedly, even in the late 19th century cytologists mentioned that in larger life forms, amitosis is a ""forerunner of degeneration"".Another sense of amitotic refers to cells of certain tissues that are usually no longer capable of mitosis once the organism has matured into adulthood. In humans this is true of various muscle and nerve tissue types; if the existing ones are damaged, they cannot be replaced with new ones of equal capability. For example, cardiac muscle destroyed by heart attack and nerves destroyed by piercing trauma usually cannot regenerate. In contrast, skin cells are capable of mitosis throughout adulthood; old skin cells that die and slough off are replaced with new ones. Human liver tissue also has a sort of dormant regenerative ability; it is usually not needed or expressed but can be elicited if needed.
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