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Therapies for sarcopenia and regeneration of old skeletal muscles
Therapies for sarcopenia and regeneration of old skeletal muscles

... studies with many implications that also rely on extensive tissue culture studies of purified populations of myogenic precursor cells. It is well recognized that “data from tissue cultures do not provide a reliable guide to in vivo behaviour” since “tissue culture, lacks both the architecture and, u ...
Biology Slide 1 of 47 End Show
Biology Slide 1 of 47 End Show

... Sometimes cells move materials in the opposite direction from which the materials would normally move—that is against a concentration difference. This process is known as active transport. Active transport requires energy. ...
Relative Abundance of Nickel in the Leaf
Relative Abundance of Nickel in the Leaf

... stage of a scanning electron microscope (Jeol 6300 SEM, Tokyo), immersed in liquid nitrogen within a cryo-transfer unit (CT 1500 Oxford Instruments, Oxford, UK) and transferred to the SEM. The plant material was observed at low voltage before it was slightly etched for a few seconds at ÿ908C, moved ...
Developing a `thick skin`: a paradoxical role for
Developing a `thick skin`: a paradoxical role for

... provide a physical scaffold and regulate cell shape changes, cell adhesion or growth (Sherwood, 2015). Although there is formally no equivalent of a basement membrane in plants, the cell wall (see Glossary, Box 1) facing the external environment might share homologous functions, at least when focusi ...
1.3 - Biology Junction
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... Sometimes cells move materials in the opposite direction from which the materials would normally move—that is against a concentration difference. This process is known as active transport. Active transport requires energy. ...
Botanical Gazette
Botanical Gazette

... http://www.jstor.org/about/terms.html. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-com ...
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Document

... increases viscosity. lesser shear forces arise and viability of cell is more. ...
Protein Kinase C–dependent Activation of Cytosolic
Protein Kinase C–dependent Activation of Cytosolic

... buffer for SDS-PAGE and Western blotting or in the assay buffer supplemented with 5 mM DTT for the cPLA2 activity assay. Phosphorylation-induced mobility shift, SDS-PAGE, and Western blotting of MAP kinase. Cells cultured in a 6-well plate were washed four times with serum- and NaHCO3-free DME suppl ...
Higher Expression Level and Lower Toxicity of Genetically Spliced
Higher Expression Level and Lower Toxicity of Genetically Spliced

... domains that contribute to its multiple functions. The domain functions include diarrhea-induction, which is attributed to amino acids 114-135 in the cytoplasmic tail, and calcium binding. A synthetic peptide corresponding to the diarrhea-inducing domain, was shown to induce diarrhea in neonatal mic ...
Self-Assembled Monolayers That Resist the Adsorption of Proteins
Self-Assembled Monolayers That Resist the Adsorption of Proteins

... inertness. We found that inert surfaces were hydrophilic and contained hydrogen bond acceptor groups.1,2 Inertness, however, did not correlate with interfacial free energy; details of the molecular structure of the surfaces seemed to influence inertness strongly.1 Grunze found that the conformations ...
Autophagy and Immunity
Autophagy and Immunity

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Atrophic Vaginitis
Atrophic Vaginitis

... of collagen, elasticity, and muscle tone. Thinning of the urogenital epithelium or atrophism leads to various symptoms associated with atrophic vaginitis including dyspareunia and pruritus. E. Similar tissue changes may also occur in the urinary tract contributing to dysuria, incontinence, urinary f ...
Dominant-lethal alpha-tubulin mutants defective in microtubule depolymerization in yeast.
Dominant-lethal alpha-tubulin mutants defective in microtubule depolymerization in yeast.

... E255A (yeast ␣-tubulin amino acid residue numbers are ⫹1 relative to those of the tubulin crystal structure, due to an additional amino acid at position 44). D252 is conserved in nearly all tubulins and in bacterial FtsZ (which is structurally nearly identical), whereas E255 is specific to ␣-tubulin ...
Wet electron microscopy with quantum dots Winston Timp1, Nicki
Wet electron microscopy with quantum dots Winston Timp1, Nicki

... used in these experiments is an adherent murine macrophage line. These cells were maintained at 37°C and 5% CO2 in RPMI media (Mediatech, Herndon, VA, USA), supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Mediatech) and 50 IU penicillin/50 μg/mL streptomycin (Mediatech). Cells were passaged by detach ...
Vesicle traffic in the endomembrane system: a tale of COPs, Rabs
Vesicle traffic in the endomembrane system: a tale of COPs, Rabs

... depends on SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor adaptor protein receptor) molecules [3•] in the vesicle (v-SNARE) and target (t-SNARE) membranes. The interaction of these proteins is regulated by a different class of small GTPases, belonging to the Rab/Ypt family, as well as by several o ...
Active and Passive Transport
Active and Passive Transport

... There are four main types of passive transport: osmosis, diffusion, facilitated diffusion and filtration. Diffusion is the simple movement of particles through a permeable membrane down a concentration gradient (from a more concentrated solution to a less concentrated solution) until the two solutio ...
Bacteria
Bacteria

... your body take upwards of 24 hours to divide (some, like your liver, even longer). So the video we saw in class was definitely sped up since they can’t reproduce in seconds. When bacteria reproduce, they use a process called binary fission. With binary fission, the cell copies its 1 and only chromos ...
Nomination Letter for Dara L. Kraitchman
Nomination Letter for Dara L. Kraitchman

... 2009. The latter figure represents the more intense focus on stem cell labeling in cardiovascular disease after she acquired her NIH-funded R21/R33 with ~$1.8M in direct costs in response to a targeted nanotechnology RFA. Recognition of the published works as unique and valuable can be gleaned from ...
Fig. - Journal of Cell Science
Fig. - Journal of Cell Science

Ch4-5.Tissues.Skin.Lecture
Ch4-5.Tissues.Skin.Lecture

... allow ions and small molecules to pass from one cell to the next for intercellular communication. ...
reading and questions: kingdom monera
reading and questions: kingdom monera

... double in number every 20 minutes. At this rate, after about 24 hours the offspring of a single bacterium would have a mass greater than 2 million kilograms (kg), or as much as 2000 mid-sized cars! In a few more days, their mass would be greater than that of the Earth. When food is scarce or conditi ...
cell membranes
cell membranes

... • Contact between cell and environment • Keeps useful materials inside and harmful stuff outside • Allows transport, communication in ...
as a PDF
as a PDF

... Erwinia carotovora to stimulate phytoalexin accumulation suggests that these enzymes could release the Endogenous Elicitor present in the cell walls of plants. However, we have not successfully released the Endogenous Elicitor of soybean cell walls by treatment of the walls with the E. carotovora po ...
Skin and bones: the bacterial cytoskeleton, cell wall, and cell
Skin and bones: the bacterial cytoskeleton, cell wall, and cell

... is required for the sidewall-specific localization of a PG hydrolase, LytE (Carballido-Lopez et al., 2006), raising the possibility that the bacterial actin-like cytoskeleton may regulate PG insertion by controlling the availability of hydrolase-generated insertion sites in the existing wall. In C. ...
muscle tissue
muscle tissue

... • Tropomyosin – thin double helix in groove of actin double helix, spans 7 monomers of G-actin • Troponin – complex of 3 globular proteins • TnT (Troponin T) – binds tropomyosin ...
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Amitosis

Amitosis (a- + mitosis) is absence of mitosis, the usual form of cell division in the cells of eukaryotes. There are several senses in which eukaryotic cells can be amitotic. One refers to capability for non-mitotic division and the other refers to lack of capability for division. In one sense of the word, which is now mostly obsolete, amitosis is cell division in eukaryotic cells that happens without the usual features of mitosis as seen on microscopy, namely, without nuclear envelope breakdown and without formation of mitotic spindle and condensed chromosomes as far as microscopy can detect. However, most examples of cell division formerly thought to belong to this supposedly ""non-mitotic"" class, such as the division of unicellular eukaryotes, are today recognized as belonging to a class of mitosis called closed mitosis. A spectrum of mitotic activity can be categorized as open, semi-closed, and closed mitosis, depending on the fate of the nuclear envelope. An exception is the division of ciliate macronucleus, which is not mitotic, and the reference to this process as amitosis may be the only legitimate use of the ""non-mitotic division"" sense of the term today. In animals and plants which normally have open mitosis, the microscopic picture described in the 19th century as amitosis most likely corresponded to apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death associated with fragmentation of the nucleus and cytoplasm. Relatedly, even in the late 19th century cytologists mentioned that in larger life forms, amitosis is a ""forerunner of degeneration"".Another sense of amitotic refers to cells of certain tissues that are usually no longer capable of mitosis once the organism has matured into adulthood. In humans this is true of various muscle and nerve tissue types; if the existing ones are damaged, they cannot be replaced with new ones of equal capability. For example, cardiac muscle destroyed by heart attack and nerves destroyed by piercing trauma usually cannot regenerate. In contrast, skin cells are capable of mitosis throughout adulthood; old skin cells that die and slough off are replaced with new ones. Human liver tissue also has a sort of dormant regenerative ability; it is usually not needed or expressed but can be elicited if needed.
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