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Chlamydomonas IFT 88 and Its Mouse Homologue, Polycystic
Chlamydomonas IFT 88 and Its Mouse Homologue, Polycystic

... for a cell line with a defect in this gene. The insertional mutants were made by transforming cells with DNA carrying a selectable marker. In Chlamydomonas, transforming DNA is integrated randomly throughout the genome and disrupts genes at the site of integration. DNA was isolated from ⵑ400 inserti ...
Interactions between plant endomembrane systems and the actin
Interactions between plant endomembrane systems and the actin

... interaction between the NE and the cytoskeleton. Such complexes are present in plants and animals and their organization is similar. The SUN proteins localize at the inner nuclear membrane and interact with KASH domain proteins at the outer membrane, which associate with the cytoskeleton (Graumann e ...
produced in photosynthesis
produced in photosynthesis

... and independent reactions can occur simultaneously, and nearly all the cells in the leaf can be producing sugars. In optimum circumstances, it is by far, the most efficient producer of glucose. Which enzyme fixes CO2 in CAM and C4 photosynthesis, instead of Rubisco, and why is this an advantage? PEP ...
Biological Sciences - Point Park University
Biological Sciences - Point Park University

... 1 CHEM 104 General Chemistry Laboratory II General Biology Lab II BIOL 104 ...
Document
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... All living things are made up of cells. The structures of different types of cells are related to their functions. Animal cells and plant cells have features in common, such as a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes. Plant and algal cells also have a cell wall, and often hav ...
PDF
PDF

... All tissues cultured in gels showed a positive reaction product for cell surfacebound transferrin (Fig. 3). Using the current technique, no difference was discernible between the various tissues, nor between tissues cultured in the presence or absence of added transferrin. The latter result was prob ...
Oxidation of Hg(0) - Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences
Oxidation of Hg(0) - Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences

... be fundamentally different from that of aerobes. Furthermore, some facultative anaerobic bacteria, such as Cupriavidus metallidurans and Shewanella oneidensis, are known to reduce Hg(II) (Barkay et al., 2003; Wiatrowski et al., 2006). If these microorganisms are also able to oxidize Hg(0) to Hg(II), ...
Clear Cell Tumors of the Head and Neck: An
Clear Cell Tumors of the Head and Neck: An

... The rich glycogen content of the cytoplasm gives a clear cell appearance in remnants of dental lamina,4 rests of malassez 5 and eccrine sweat glands. 6 Neutral polysaccharide-glycogen is negatively charged and does not take up the stain with eosin which is also negatively charged hence giving a clea ...
Prostaglandins as modulators of immunity
Prostaglandins as modulators of immunity

... immune responses. PGE2 modulates the activities of ‘professional’APCs, such as dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, in a variety of ways. Immature DCs take up antigen in peripheral tissues, which induces their activation and subsequent migration to lymphoid organs. In the lymph nodes, DCs mature i ...
A mitochondrial specific stress response in mammalian cells
A mitochondrial specific stress response in mammalian cells

... protein is expressed only in liver and small intestine and is absent from transformed cells grown in culture. Transfection of COS-7 cells with cDNA encoding the precursor forms of wild-type or mutant OTC followed by pulse labelling and immunoprecipitation with anti-OTC antibodies showed that both we ...
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... Gastrulation - The point in embryogenesis where the basic organization of the organism is established. ...
TLR4 signaling: negative regulation by degradation
TLR4 signaling: negative regulation by degradation

... TLR4 signaling and prevent aberrant activation of TLR4 signaling.2 These proteins include SIGIRR, ST2, the splice variant of MyD88 (MyD88s), IL-1R-associated kinase-M (IRAK-M), a protein associated with TLR4 (PRAT4A), A20, Triad3A, and so on. The complex mechanism of negative regulation of TLRs emph ...
Vacuole metabolites
Vacuole metabolites

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POP-1 and Anterior–Posterior Fate Decisions in
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... Hutter and Schnabel, 1995). For example, the MS descendant born from the division sequence p-a-a-p-p undergoes apoptosis even if every blastomere except for MS is killed (Mello et al., 1992). Thus, in some lineages, cell fates do not appear to be determined by external, environmental cues within the ...
Foci of Trinucleotide  Repeat Transcripts in Nuclei
Foci of Trinucleotide Repeat Transcripts in Nuclei

... nuclei. Skin fibroblast cells from one myotonic dystrophy patient (3132) were analyzed for the number of foci in each nucleus. Nuclei contained a mean of five foci, but some were found with 13. Cells from another myotonic dystrophy pa- ...
Compliance in plants
Compliance in plants

... In such situations most man-made structures are made as rigid as possible so that they can withstand their own weight and the force of the wind without being deflected. As we shall see in this chapter, however, plants use quite a different strategy, using controlled compliance to reduce their suppor ...
CD4 T cells that enter the draining lymph nodes after antigen
CD4 T cells that enter the draining lymph nodes after antigen

HAUSP, a deubiquitinating enzyme for p53, is polyubiquitinated
HAUSP, a deubiquitinating enzyme for p53, is polyubiquitinated

... regions between nucleosomes. As expected, rHAUSP-transfected HeLa cells died completely. We observed extracted genomic DNA from apoptotic HeLa cells induced by rHAUSP and rHAUSP (C224S), visualized as DNA ladders, indicating that these cells are apoptotic (data not shown). We also investigated the e ...
reviews
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... The primary tissue types of the mouse| Molecular embryo —Cell Biology trophectoderm, epiblast and primitive endoderm — are established before implantation at around embryonic day 4.5 (E4.5). a | At E2.5, the eight blastomeres initially show overlapping expression of two transcription factors, caudal ...
Hemocyte marker proteins and regulation of the proPO system in a
Hemocyte marker proteins and regulation of the proPO system in a

... (Jiravanichpaisal et al., 2006; Johansson et al., 2000; Le Moullac et al., 1998; Söderhäll et al., 2003). In addition, the hemocytes number drops dramatically or nearly disappears when the crayfish is unhealthy, dying or infected with virus such as white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) (personal observat ...
Targeted Drug Delivery to the Nucleus and its Potential Role in
Targeted Drug Delivery to the Nucleus and its Potential Role in

... The nucleus is the control centre of the eukaryotic cell, being both the site of storage and replication of the cell's genetic material, and of processes such as transcription and ribosome assembly that are central to synthesising the cellular complement of proteins that carry out all of its functio ...
Molecular Genetics for the Practicing Physician
Molecular Genetics for the Practicing Physician

... Long-non coding RNA Classification of ccRCC Reveals Four Subtypes Associated with Clinical Outcome ...
Passive vs Active transport
Passive vs Active transport

... more salt moving out of the cell than into the cell more salt moving into the cell than out of the cell more water moving into the cell than out of the cell more water moving out of the cell than into the cell ...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis

... with commonly used basic aniline dyes , such as these used in the Gram stain . 4. These organisms resist decolorization by acidified alcohol (3% hydrochloric acid ) after prolonged application of a basic fuchsin dye or with heating of this dye following its application . 5. This important property o ...
Chapter 6
Chapter 6

... Concept 6.2: Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions • The basic structural and functional unit of every organism is one of two types of cells: prokaryotic or eukaryotic • Only organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea consist of prokaryotic cells ...
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Amitosis

Amitosis (a- + mitosis) is absence of mitosis, the usual form of cell division in the cells of eukaryotes. There are several senses in which eukaryotic cells can be amitotic. One refers to capability for non-mitotic division and the other refers to lack of capability for division. In one sense of the word, which is now mostly obsolete, amitosis is cell division in eukaryotic cells that happens without the usual features of mitosis as seen on microscopy, namely, without nuclear envelope breakdown and without formation of mitotic spindle and condensed chromosomes as far as microscopy can detect. However, most examples of cell division formerly thought to belong to this supposedly ""non-mitotic"" class, such as the division of unicellular eukaryotes, are today recognized as belonging to a class of mitosis called closed mitosis. A spectrum of mitotic activity can be categorized as open, semi-closed, and closed mitosis, depending on the fate of the nuclear envelope. An exception is the division of ciliate macronucleus, which is not mitotic, and the reference to this process as amitosis may be the only legitimate use of the ""non-mitotic division"" sense of the term today. In animals and plants which normally have open mitosis, the microscopic picture described in the 19th century as amitosis most likely corresponded to apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death associated with fragmentation of the nucleus and cytoplasm. Relatedly, even in the late 19th century cytologists mentioned that in larger life forms, amitosis is a ""forerunner of degeneration"".Another sense of amitotic refers to cells of certain tissues that are usually no longer capable of mitosis once the organism has matured into adulthood. In humans this is true of various muscle and nerve tissue types; if the existing ones are damaged, they cannot be replaced with new ones of equal capability. For example, cardiac muscle destroyed by heart attack and nerves destroyed by piercing trauma usually cannot regenerate. In contrast, skin cells are capable of mitosis throughout adulthood; old skin cells that die and slough off are replaced with new ones. Human liver tissue also has a sort of dormant regenerative ability; it is usually not needed or expressed but can be elicited if needed.
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