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BE WHEN THEY GROW UP? Lessons from Epidermal Patterning in
BE WHEN THEY GROW UP? Lessons from Epidermal Patterning in

... during differentiation, reaching average nuclear DNA levels of 20C–32C (34, 63), a process known as either endoreplication or endoreduplication (19). Endoreplication is a common variant of the cell cycle in which mitosis and cytokinesis are suppressed, but cycles of DNA replication continue. The rea ...
Temporal Precision of Spike Trains in Extrastriate
Temporal Precision of Spike Trains in Extrastriate

... We analyzed 54 cells in three monkeys: E (n = 26), J (n = 9), and W (n = 19). Not all cells were recorded under all experimental conditions, so the number of cells involved in each analysis will be stated in the text. Cells with mean responses that changed by more than 100% during recording sessions ...
PowerPoint file
PowerPoint file

... • Light may bend in air so much that it misses the small high-magnification lens. ...
as a PDF
as a PDF

... the role of Kin4 in mitotic exit inhibition in cells with a misaligned spindle has been studied in great detail, it is not clear yet how the signal is transmitted from the spindle pole body to the bud neck and especially which role Kin4 plays at this place. If cytokinesis is not followed by cell sep ...
the far c-terminus of tpx2 contributes to spindle morphogenesis
the far c-terminus of tpx2 contributes to spindle morphogenesis

... genetic code that each cell uses to generate the proteome. As life evolved on Earth, organisms developed methods to ensure the delivery of replicated DNA to their progeny. Prokaryotes undergo binary fission – a process in which genomic DNA is replicated, attached to the cell wall and separated durin ...
Alamethicin permeabilizes the plasma membrane and mitochondria
Alamethicin permeabilizes the plasma membrane and mitochondria

... enzymes in their native proteinaceous environment with controlled cofactor concentrations. Possible uses and limitations of this method for plant cell research are discussed. ...
CRISPR Frequently Asked Questions
CRISPR Frequently Asked Questions

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File

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Cancer stem cells and addicted cancer cells
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... that 20 clonal genetic alterations exist in one metastatic lesion that are not shared by other metastases in the same patient [19,20]. These mutations occurred in the founder cell of the metastasis: the cell that escaped from the primary tumor and initiated the formation of a metastasis elsewhere. F ...
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... These and other findings have converged on a model that proposes that FACT first alters the structure of chromatin to facilitate the movement of Pol II across transcribed genes and then reestablishes proper nucleosomal structure following the passage of Pol II (Reinberg and Sims 2006). The level of ...
Yeast longevity and aging—the mitochondrial connection
Yeast longevity and aging—the mitochondrial connection

... stochastic extrinsic events. A finite life span does not in itself demonstrate a biological aging process at work. It is apparent, however, that yeasts do age. This is readily concluded from the observation of the many changes that occur during the replicative life span, some of which clearly repres ...
Gumbo JR and Cloete TE
Gumbo JR and Cloete TE

... In the previous study it was observed that predatory bacteria, Bacillus mycoides were responsible for plaque formation on M. aeruginosa lawns (Gumbo et al., 2010). The main objective of this study was to gain insights into interactions between the predatory bacteria B. mycoides and M. aeruginosa cel ...
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... intraovarian fertilization, after having passed through different stages in the storage period. We also analyse the crypt formation process and look at the mechanisms that permit male sexual cells to be kept for a long period of time despite the absence of a specialized storage organ. ...
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... with specific functions in stomatal development, we examined the stomatal lineages of 5- to 7-d-old csld2, csld3, and csld5 mutants. While leaf epidermal pavement cells appeared normal, csld5 mutant plants displayed significantly increased numbers of clustered stomatal guard cells (Figures 1D and 1E), ...
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... Is ICP 22 an o~polypeptide ? ICP 22 is made in HSV-i-infected cells after removal of cycloheximide even if actinomycin D is added immediately after washing away the cycloheximide (Fig. 2). It would seem, therefore, to be either an ~ polypeptide or a/5' polypeptide which, like ICP 6, starts to be mad ...
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... together, provides support and protecGon. It also fills empty spaces and produces red blood cells and stored fat which is later used in the body for energy, insulaGon, and organ protecGon. A. Epithelial B. ConnecGve C. Muscle D. Nervous ...
Cell Cycle in the Fucus Zygote Parallels a Somatic Cell
Cell Cycle in the Fucus Zygote Parallels a Somatic Cell

Chapter 5 Practice
Chapter 5 Practice

... 28. Refer to the illustration above. Cells often trap extracellular particles and fluid. This is shown in figure ____________________. 29. The process in which an amoeba engulfs its prey and takes it in is known as ____________________. Problem 30. Organisms in the genus Paramecium are unicellular p ...
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Amitosis

Amitosis (a- + mitosis) is absence of mitosis, the usual form of cell division in the cells of eukaryotes. There are several senses in which eukaryotic cells can be amitotic. One refers to capability for non-mitotic division and the other refers to lack of capability for division. In one sense of the word, which is now mostly obsolete, amitosis is cell division in eukaryotic cells that happens without the usual features of mitosis as seen on microscopy, namely, without nuclear envelope breakdown and without formation of mitotic spindle and condensed chromosomes as far as microscopy can detect. However, most examples of cell division formerly thought to belong to this supposedly ""non-mitotic"" class, such as the division of unicellular eukaryotes, are today recognized as belonging to a class of mitosis called closed mitosis. A spectrum of mitotic activity can be categorized as open, semi-closed, and closed mitosis, depending on the fate of the nuclear envelope. An exception is the division of ciliate macronucleus, which is not mitotic, and the reference to this process as amitosis may be the only legitimate use of the ""non-mitotic division"" sense of the term today. In animals and plants which normally have open mitosis, the microscopic picture described in the 19th century as amitosis most likely corresponded to apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death associated with fragmentation of the nucleus and cytoplasm. Relatedly, even in the late 19th century cytologists mentioned that in larger life forms, amitosis is a ""forerunner of degeneration"".Another sense of amitotic refers to cells of certain tissues that are usually no longer capable of mitosis once the organism has matured into adulthood. In humans this is true of various muscle and nerve tissue types; if the existing ones are damaged, they cannot be replaced with new ones of equal capability. For example, cardiac muscle destroyed by heart attack and nerves destroyed by piercing trauma usually cannot regenerate. In contrast, skin cells are capable of mitosis throughout adulthood; old skin cells that die and slough off are replaced with new ones. Human liver tissue also has a sort of dormant regenerative ability; it is usually not needed or expressed but can be elicited if needed.
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