PDF
... income equality index. Hedenus and Azar[8]measure emission inequality across countries by the well-known Atkinson index. Duro and Padilla[9] apply the decomposable Theil index of inequality to emissions and show convincingly that global inequality in per capita emissions is largely due to inequaliti ...
... income equality index. Hedenus and Azar[8]measure emission inequality across countries by the well-known Atkinson index. Duro and Padilla[9] apply the decomposable Theil index of inequality to emissions and show convincingly that global inequality in per capita emissions is largely due to inequaliti ...
Climate Change Act 2017
... associated with communicable disease, food, water or the environment; and (b) the services and assets which provide human physical and mental health care, social support and assistance; instrument has the same meaning as in the Transfer of Land Act 1958; interim emissions reduction target means a gr ...
... associated with communicable disease, food, water or the environment; and (b) the services and assets which provide human physical and mental health care, social support and assistance; instrument has the same meaning as in the Transfer of Land Act 1958; interim emissions reduction target means a gr ...
Climate Change Act 2017 - Victorian Legislation and Parliamentary
... associated with communicable disease, food, water or the environment; and (b) the services and assets which provide human physical and mental health care, social support and assistance; instrument has the same meaning as in the Transfer of Land Act 1958; interim emissions reduction target means a gr ...
... associated with communicable disease, food, water or the environment; and (b) the services and assets which provide human physical and mental health care, social support and assistance; instrument has the same meaning as in the Transfer of Land Act 1958; interim emissions reduction target means a gr ...
Carbon Market Crossroads
... Scientists now believe that absent a major change of course, the planet will warm 4 degrees Celsius by 2100.1 Climate change on that scale would trigger severe economic, environmental, and social disruptions. The global community would become more fractured and unequal than today, and human sufferin ...
... Scientists now believe that absent a major change of course, the planet will warm 4 degrees Celsius by 2100.1 Climate change on that scale would trigger severe economic, environmental, and social disruptions. The global community would become more fractured and unequal than today, and human sufferin ...
potential economic value of carbon sequestration
... the possibility of using forests as a means of sequestering and reducing emissions of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As globally important storehouses of carbon, forests play a critical role in influencing the Earth's climate. Reducing GHGs can be achieved by controlling and avoiding land use cha ...
... the possibility of using forests as a means of sequestering and reducing emissions of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As globally important storehouses of carbon, forests play a critical role in influencing the Earth's climate. Reducing GHGs can be achieved by controlling and avoiding land use cha ...
The scientific and international context for the fifth
... decades, and that this is mainly due to human activities rather than natural fluctuations. We then focus on impacts on human and natural systems: those already being observed, and potential future impacts which will depend significantly on the path of human activity. Finally we set out the implicati ...
... decades, and that this is mainly due to human activities rather than natural fluctuations. We then focus on impacts on human and natural systems: those already being observed, and potential future impacts which will depend significantly on the path of human activity. Finally we set out the implicati ...
Global Warming and Economic Externalities
... Given the scientific evidence that human emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) contribute to global warming which will have real economic consequences through climate change, and the fact that until recently there is neither a market price for GHG emissions nor alternate institutions to impose limits ...
... Given the scientific evidence that human emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) contribute to global warming which will have real economic consequences through climate change, and the fact that until recently there is neither a market price for GHG emissions nor alternate institutions to impose limits ...
Aviation`s Contribution to Climate Change
... In general, there is a better understanding of impacts of GHG emissions that have a direct impact on the climate than emissions that have indirect impacts. For example, while the scientific understanding and modelling of NOx effects have substantially improved over the last few years, there is still ...
... In general, there is a better understanding of impacts of GHG emissions that have a direct impact on the climate than emissions that have indirect impacts. For example, while the scientific understanding and modelling of NOx effects have substantially improved over the last few years, there is still ...
Low Carbon Economy Index
... In general more energy is used per capita for heating in colder climates than in warmer climates, and densely populated countries use less energy for transportation per capita than more sparsely populated countries (for example, compare Canada to France and Germany, which have similar income per cap ...
... In general more energy is used per capita for heating in colder climates than in warmer climates, and densely populated countries use less energy for transportation per capita than more sparsely populated countries (for example, compare Canada to France and Germany, which have similar income per cap ...
A CARBON EMISSIONS TAX AS A MITIGATING STRATEGY FOR
... Furthermore, this study will in principle be of use to the government of SA, to stimulate thinking around the practical application and the effect of a Carbon Emissions Tax. Government may be able to accelerate its efforts by considering a Carbon Emissions Tax. Further insight will be provided into ...
... Furthermore, this study will in principle be of use to the government of SA, to stimulate thinking around the practical application and the effect of a Carbon Emissions Tax. Government may be able to accelerate its efforts by considering a Carbon Emissions Tax. Further insight will be provided into ...
Climate phoenix - Grattan Institute
... measure. What counts are Australia’s total emissions over time: there would be little point in Australia’s emissions being 5 per cent below 2000 levels in the year 2020 if emissions had been significantly higher in previous years. As shown in Figure 1, the 2020 target is actually a declining traject ...
... measure. What counts are Australia’s total emissions over time: there would be little point in Australia’s emissions being 5 per cent below 2000 levels in the year 2020 if emissions had been significantly higher in previous years. As shown in Figure 1, the 2020 target is actually a declining traject ...
Is atmospheric carbon dioxide removal a game changer for climate
... Direct carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from the atmosphere–ocean system can be achieved with the application of several technologies. First, there are land-based removal methods such as afforestation, land use management, and biomass combustion to produce electricity or fuel coupled with sequestering t ...
... Direct carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from the atmosphere–ocean system can be achieved with the application of several technologies. First, there are land-based removal methods such as afforestation, land use management, and biomass combustion to produce electricity or fuel coupled with sequestering t ...
The Carbon Neutral Myth
... than hot air.”4 A report by Standard Life Investments on ‘Carbon Management & Carbon Neutrality in the FTSE All-Share’ tellingly warned that such schemes “have the capacity to disguise the failure to achieve actual reductions in overall greenhouse gas emissions.”5 The Carbon Neutral Myth highlights ...
... than hot air.”4 A report by Standard Life Investments on ‘Carbon Management & Carbon Neutrality in the FTSE All-Share’ tellingly warned that such schemes “have the capacity to disguise the failure to achieve actual reductions in overall greenhouse gas emissions.”5 The Carbon Neutral Myth highlights ...
The Carbon Neutral Myth - Offset Indulgences for your Climate Sins
... the Carbon Neutral Company, Offset My Life and many others. These selfstyled ‘eco-capitalists’ are building up what they claim are ‘good climate deeds’ through projects which supposedly reduce or avoid greenhouse gas emissions. These wholesale emissions reductions can then be profitably sold back at ...
... the Carbon Neutral Company, Offset My Life and many others. These selfstyled ‘eco-capitalists’ are building up what they claim are ‘good climate deeds’ through projects which supposedly reduce or avoid greenhouse gas emissions. These wholesale emissions reductions can then be profitably sold back at ...
Tax deductible carbon sink forests?
... Without doubt, the issue of allowing tax deductions for certain expenses incurred in planting a carbon sink forest has become a controversial topic. The purpose of this paper is to provide Parliament with background to the tax deduction for carbon sink forestry, explain why carbon sink forest are im ...
... Without doubt, the issue of allowing tax deductions for certain expenses incurred in planting a carbon sink forest has become a controversial topic. The purpose of this paper is to provide Parliament with background to the tax deduction for carbon sink forestry, explain why carbon sink forest are im ...
United Nations Development Assistance Framework
... At Marrakech Parties did not succeed to attain consent in relation to legal character of the mode of observance of obligations, in particular in relation to that, whether must be statutory normative approvals for non-fulfillment by the countries of the obligations. The decision-making this is carrie ...
... At Marrakech Parties did not succeed to attain consent in relation to legal character of the mode of observance of obligations, in particular in relation to that, whether must be statutory normative approvals for non-fulfillment by the countries of the obligations. The decision-making this is carrie ...
Implementing the carbon tax - Policy Advice Division
... It is a global problem that needs a global solution. In ratifying the Kyoto Protocol, New Zealand has joined more than 140 other countries in making a strong commitment to begin controlling emissions of greenhouse gases that cause climate change. The Kyoto Protocol is designed to begin a long-term g ...
... It is a global problem that needs a global solution. In ratifying the Kyoto Protocol, New Zealand has joined more than 140 other countries in making a strong commitment to begin controlling emissions of greenhouse gases that cause climate change. The Kyoto Protocol is designed to begin a long-term g ...
Changing Climate for Carbon Taxes: Who`s
... 1) Competitiveness: the need to “level the playing field” between those domestic producers subject to carbon taxes which raise their costs and those producers elsewhere who are not subject to additional carbon-related costs;8 2) Transition assistance: the need to give time or financial assistance to ...
... 1) Competitiveness: the need to “level the playing field” between those domestic producers subject to carbon taxes which raise their costs and those producers elsewhere who are not subject to additional carbon-related costs;8 2) Transition assistance: the need to give time or financial assistance to ...
PDF
... Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Art. 3.3., which states that the climate policy should “ensure global benefits at the lowest possible cost”. In practice, this means that, although the emission targets are imposed on a limited number of countries, there is some flexibility in the implementatio ...
... Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Art. 3.3., which states that the climate policy should “ensure global benefits at the lowest possible cost”. In practice, this means that, although the emission targets are imposed on a limited number of countries, there is some flexibility in the implementatio ...
Wales Soil Carbon Report - Geoenvironmental Research Centre
... soils (Jastrow et al., 2005). However, the complex direct and indirect feedback loops that can occur also mean that it is difficult to predict how climate change will ultimately affect soil GHG emissions (Smith et al., 2008; Abdalla et al., 2013; Stavi and Lal, 2013). In this study we have therefore ...
... soils (Jastrow et al., 2005). However, the complex direct and indirect feedback loops that can occur also mean that it is difficult to predict how climate change will ultimately affect soil GHG emissions (Smith et al., 2008; Abdalla et al., 2013; Stavi and Lal, 2013). In this study we have therefore ...
DOC 129KB - Climate Change Authority
... consistency of action with climate science over time, and demonstrate the trade-offs between early and later action. The Authority therefore recommended both targets and budgets for Australia in its 2014 Targets and Progress Review. While this guide focuses on targets, the principles outlined could ...
... consistency of action with climate science over time, and demonstrate the trade-offs between early and later action. The Authority therefore recommended both targets and budgets for Australia in its 2014 Targets and Progress Review. While this guide focuses on targets, the principles outlined could ...
Post Paris: Australia`s climate policy options
... in either projected emissions or the trajectory to the target. Indeed, estimates of the 2013-2020 abatement task have fallen dramatically since the first estimate was published in the Australian Government’s 2008 report, ‘Australia’s Low Pollution Future: the Economics of Climate Change Mitigation’ ...
... in either projected emissions or the trajectory to the target. Indeed, estimates of the 2013-2020 abatement task have fallen dramatically since the first estimate was published in the Australian Government’s 2008 report, ‘Australia’s Low Pollution Future: the Economics of Climate Change Mitigation’ ...
PDF
... CO2 (IPCC 2013b). Agriculture emits CO2 only indirectly, through its use of energy and products generated by fossil fuels, and in some countries, deforestation. In New Zealand, lifecycle analysis indicates that currently, CO2 makes up only about 10% of the total emissions generated for the productio ...
... CO2 (IPCC 2013b). Agriculture emits CO2 only indirectly, through its use of energy and products generated by fossil fuels, and in some countries, deforestation. In New Zealand, lifecycle analysis indicates that currently, CO2 makes up only about 10% of the total emissions generated for the productio ...
Taxing Carbon as an Instrument of Green Industrial Policy in
... externalise many environmental costs. As a consequence, individuals and firms do not factor such costs into their economic decisions, but pass them on to society as a whole. Governments need to take measures to internalise environmental costs, that is, to ensure they are included in market prices. S ...
... externalise many environmental costs. As a consequence, individuals and firms do not factor such costs into their economic decisions, but pass them on to society as a whole. Governments need to take measures to internalise environmental costs, that is, to ensure they are included in market prices. S ...
What do the Appendices to the Copenhagen Accord tell us about global greenhouse gas emissions and the prospects for avoiding a rise in global average temperature of more than 2°C? (436 kB) (opens in new window)
... have reached different conclusions, most other studies have produced estimates that are in line with ours. There is some scope for achieving further reductions, for instance by capping emissions from international aviation and shipping and by stronger national actions. The Copenhagen Accord also set ...
... have reached different conclusions, most other studies have produced estimates that are in line with ours. There is some scope for achieving further reductions, for instance by capping emissions from international aviation and shipping and by stronger national actions. The Copenhagen Accord also set ...