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1. Introduction
1. Introduction

...  Providing mechanisms for process communication ...
virtual memory - Welcome to Online Management V2
virtual memory - Welcome to Online Management V2

... Memory Management • Uni-program —Memory split into two —One for Operating System (monitor) —One for currently executing program • Multi-program —“User” part is sub-divided and shared among active processes —The sub-division is done by the OS and this process is known as memory management • memory n ...
PPT
PPT

... declares an array of processes all with the same code but with different names (e.g., X(1), X(2),…, X(100)) Communication among processes in the array is facilitated by the use of input/output commands as illustrated in this code fragment: *[ (i:1..100)X(i)?(params) --> …; X(i)!(result) ] where the ...
Communicating Sequential Processes
Communicating Sequential Processes

... declares an array of processes all with the same code but with different names (e.g., X(1), X(2),…, X(100)) Communication among processes in the array is facilitated by the use of input/output commands as illustrated in this code fragment: *[ (i:1..100)X(i)?(params) --> …; X(i)!(result) ] where the ...
What is an Operating System?
What is an Operating System?

... • The O.S. picks and begins to execute one job from memory. Once this job needs an I/O operation the O.S. switches to another job (CPU or O.S. always busy). ...
Structuring of the Windows Operating System
Structuring of the Windows Operating System

... !   Tries to allocate memory from local memory for processes with threads on the node ...
13. Operating Systems
13. Operating Systems

...  Does not load instructions into main memory  No user interface except for I/O routines provided with executing program  Is idle when waiting for user input  No facility to store, retrieve, or manipulate files  No ability to control peripheral devices  Can run only one program at a time Chapte ...
Concurrent Programming
Concurrent Programming

... Each processor maintains a memory cache The job of the cache coherence protocol is to maintain the processor caches, and to guarantee that the values returned by every load/store sequence generated by the multiprocessor are consistent with the memory model. ...
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... A) i-True, ii-False B) i-True, ii-True C) i-False, ii-True D) i-False, ii-False ...
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PPTX

... – File and device I/O are as similar as possible – File and device names have the same syntax and meaning, can pass as arguments to programs – Same protection mechanism as regular files ...
PPTX
PPTX

... – File and device I/O are as similar as possible – File and device names have the same syntax and meaning, can pass as arguments to programs – Same protection mechanism as regular files ...
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... – CPU allocated to each program or job – CPU allocated to each working set or parts of it – Individual instructions subdivided • Each subdivision processed simultaneously • This is also called Concurrent programming ...
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... Now, what it means for a program to be in execution as we have seen is that the program must be present in the main memory of the computer system, and it is in a state where it is instructions are being fetched from main memory, into the processor and executed, based on the hardware understanding, ...
What is an Operating System?
What is an Operating System?

...  System call – request to the operating system to allow user to wait for I/O completion.  Device-status table contains entry for each I/O device indicating its type, address, and state.  Operating system indexes into I/O device table to determine device status and to modify table entry to include ...
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...  System call – request to the operating system to allow user to wait for I/O completion.  Device-status table contains entry for each I/O device indicating its type, address, and state.  Operating system indexes into I/O device table to determine device status and to modify table entry to include ...
What is an Operating System?
What is an Operating System?

...  System call – request to the operating system to allow user to wait for I/O completion.  Device-status table contains entry for each I/O device indicating its type, address, and state.  Operating system indexes into I/O device table to determine device status and to modify table entry to include ...
Operating Systems I Supervision Exercises
Operating Systems I Supervision Exercises

... available disk swap space. This contrasts with caches, where the effective capacity is simply the size of main memory. Explain as fully as you can why the two cases are different. [Hint: think about how cache, main memory and disk space are addressed, and how they are managed.] (b) FIFO, Clock and l ...
Amoeba Vs. Mach OS
Amoeba Vs. Mach OS

... Amoeba threads run on the same processor but processes may be spread over the CPUs. Threads on different processor can share same address space. Mach use processor set concept to control of which threads assigned to which processor. This mechanism allows true parallelism among the threads of a singl ...
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... Threads not independent, within a Heavy-Weight Process (HWP) The RAM address space is shared; No memory protection from each other The stacks of each thread are intended to be in separate RAM, but if one thread has a problem (e.g., with pointers or array addressing), it could write over the stack of ...
CISB222 - Department of Computer and Information Science
CISB222 - Department of Computer and Information Science

... memory hierarchy, multiprocessor and multicore organization, operating system objectives and functions, the evolution of operating systems, major achievements, developments leading to modern operating systems. Process Control and Processor Scheduling (2 hours): Concept of process, process states, pr ...
AIM COLLEGE-HISAR What is an Operating System?
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... Single-user, single task - As the name implies, this operating system is designed to manage the computer so that one user can effectively do one thing at a time. The Palm OS for Palm handheld computers is a good example of a modern singleuser, single-task operating system. Single-user, multi-tasking ...
What are the Basic Components of computer
What are the Basic Components of computer

... c. Kernel operating systems d. All of the above ANS: A 57. A benefit of the microkernel organization is: a. Extensibility b. Portability c. Flexibility d. All of the above ANS: D 58. In low-level microkernel memory management, an example of an operation that can support external paging and virtual m ...
7.3. Computer System Structures
7.3. Computer System Structures

... hardware of the computer to indicate the current mode: kernel (0) or user (1). With the mode bit, we can distinguish between a task that is executed on behalf of the operating system and one that is executed on behalf of the user. When the computer system is executing on behalf of a user application ...
1 Interfacing I/O devices to the Memory, Processor, and Operating
1 Interfacing I/O devices to the Memory, Processor, and Operating

... • These memory addresses are not directly accessible to user programs ...
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Process management (computing)

Process management is an integral part of any modern-day operating system (OS). The OS must allocate resources to processes, enable processes to share and exchange information, protect the resources of each process from other processes and enable synchronisation among processes. To meet these requirements, the OS must maintain a data structure for each process, which describes the state and resource ownership of that process, and which enables the OS to exert control over each process.
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