Team Publications
... motility of the motor. It is thought that each head of a two-headed myosin VI molecule binds one calmodulin (CaM) by means of a single “IQ motif”. Using truncations of the myosin VI protein and electrospray ionization(ESI)-MS, we demonstrate that in fact each myosin VI head binds two CaMs. One CaM b ...
... motility of the motor. It is thought that each head of a two-headed myosin VI molecule binds one calmodulin (CaM) by means of a single “IQ motif”. Using truncations of the myosin VI protein and electrospray ionization(ESI)-MS, we demonstrate that in fact each myosin VI head binds two CaMs. One CaM b ...
Altered stress fibers and integrin expression in the Malpighian
... and evaluated following three and eighteen days of incubation. At permissive temperature, both in wild-type and mutant flies actomyosin accumulated in the cortical periphery of epithelial cells irrespective of the incubation times while COL4A1 protein staining showed regular distribution (Fig. 1). At ...
... and evaluated following three and eighteen days of incubation. At permissive temperature, both in wild-type and mutant flies actomyosin accumulated in the cortical periphery of epithelial cells irrespective of the incubation times while COL4A1 protein staining showed regular distribution (Fig. 1). At ...
Microinjected Fluorescent Phalloidin in Vivo
... the unexpected importance of the F-actin cytoskeleton as a dynamic architecture that surrounds the plant mitotic spindle. Comparison with our previous observations on fixed cells stained with higher phalloidin concentrations (Schmit and Lambert, 1985, 1987) indicated that, in vivo, the whole intrace ...
... the unexpected importance of the F-actin cytoskeleton as a dynamic architecture that surrounds the plant mitotic spindle. Comparison with our previous observations on fixed cells stained with higher phalloidin concentrations (Schmit and Lambert, 1985, 1987) indicated that, in vivo, the whole intrace ...
The syndapin protein family: linking membrane trafficking with the
... signal transduction pathways, producing crosstalk at the interface between membrane trafficking and the cytoskeleton. Given the distinct expression patterns of the different syndapins and their splice forms, these proteins could have isoform-specific functions. Key words: Syndapin, Actin polymerizat ...
... signal transduction pathways, producing crosstalk at the interface between membrane trafficking and the cytoskeleton. Given the distinct expression patterns of the different syndapins and their splice forms, these proteins could have isoform-specific functions. Key words: Syndapin, Actin polymerizat ...
Autoregulation of Actin Synthesis by Physiological
... up by hepatocytes in culture, binds to F-actm and drafiinctions of actm depend on the polymerization of mo· « j · j ι ...
... up by hepatocytes in culture, binds to F-actm and drafiinctions of actm depend on the polymerization of mo· « j · j ι ...
A Smooth Muscle-specific Monoclonal Antibody Recognizes Smooth
... Antibodies to intermediate filament proteins are useful tissuespecific markers because the protein composition of these structures markedly differs, depending on cell type (1). Other cytoskeletal components exhibit more restricted tissue specificities. For example, different tissues contain actin is ...
... Antibodies to intermediate filament proteins are useful tissuespecific markers because the protein composition of these structures markedly differs, depending on cell type (1). Other cytoskeletal components exhibit more restricted tissue specificities. For example, different tissues contain actin is ...
Yamada et al., Cell 2005
... also present in somites and facilitates their segregation Pcdh are present during embryogenesis and gradually become enriched at synapses and their expression decreases after the neurons mature and become myelinated However, deletion of the entire cluster of Pcdh- γ genes in mice resulted in no ...
... also present in somites and facilitates their segregation Pcdh are present during embryogenesis and gradually become enriched at synapses and their expression decreases after the neurons mature and become myelinated However, deletion of the entire cluster of Pcdh- γ genes in mice resulted in no ...
Analysis of Fish Protein
... today. This theory is strongly supported by the discovery that a great deal of DNA sequence similarity exists among the genes of all modern-day organisms. For example, scientists were astounded to discover that the same family of genes (Hox genes) controls the embryonic development of animals as div ...
... today. This theory is strongly supported by the discovery that a great deal of DNA sequence similarity exists among the genes of all modern-day organisms. For example, scientists were astounded to discover that the same family of genes (Hox genes) controls the embryonic development of animals as div ...
World of the Cell: Chapter 16
... The sliding‐filament theory fits well to observed tension development ...
... The sliding‐filament theory fits well to observed tension development ...
Thin Filaments - Mount Carmel Academy
... Also contain ATPase enzymes, which split ATP to generate the power for muscle contraction. Extends the entire length of the Dark A Band ...
... Also contain ATPase enzymes, which split ATP to generate the power for muscle contraction. Extends the entire length of the Dark A Band ...
File
... The actin filaments interact with myosin motors, proteins composed of two sets of heavy chain and four sets of light chains. Myosin II polymers form bipolar filaments that interact with actin stress fibers. Myosin II molecular motors generate cellular tension, thus detaching the cell from a substrat ...
... The actin filaments interact with myosin motors, proteins composed of two sets of heavy chain and four sets of light chains. Myosin II polymers form bipolar filaments that interact with actin stress fibers. Myosin II molecular motors generate cellular tension, thus detaching the cell from a substrat ...
ch9 FA 11 - Cal State LA
... • Motors that walk on Microfilaments (MFs) – Myosin gene family • Type V can walk on actin filaments carrying a bound cargo • Type II forms bipolar filaments via tail - tail interactions ...
... • Motors that walk on Microfilaments (MFs) – Myosin gene family • Type V can walk on actin filaments carrying a bound cargo • Type II forms bipolar filaments via tail - tail interactions ...
Bacterial ancestry of actin and tubulin Fusinita van den Ent, Linda
... the eukaryotic host cell and moves itself through the host cell by activating the host actin assembly. Actin is a 43 kDa bilobed protein that binds ATP in a cleft between its two domains. The crystal structure of actin (Figure 2) has been solved, in complex with different proteins, to prevent actin ...
... the eukaryotic host cell and moves itself through the host cell by activating the host actin assembly. Actin is a 43 kDa bilobed protein that binds ATP in a cleft between its two domains. The crystal structure of actin (Figure 2) has been solved, in complex with different proteins, to prevent actin ...
Skeletal Muscle
... between them, electrical activity cannot spread from one cell to the next. Therefore, each muscle fiber is innervated by a branch of motor neuron. A motor unit is defined as a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers that it innervates. Internally, muscle fibers are highly organized. Each fiber con ...
... between them, electrical activity cannot spread from one cell to the next. Therefore, each muscle fiber is innervated by a branch of motor neuron. A motor unit is defined as a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers that it innervates. Internally, muscle fibers are highly organized. Each fiber con ...
Isolation and Sequencing of Actin1, Actin2 and Tubulin1 Genes
... actin is encoded by a large, highly conserved, gene family. Some singlecelled eukaryotes like yeasts and amoebae have a single actin gene, whereas many multicellular organisms contain multiple actin genes. Actin in Phytophthora infestans is encoded by at least two genes, actA and actB, in contrast t ...
... actin is encoded by a large, highly conserved, gene family. Some singlecelled eukaryotes like yeasts and amoebae have a single actin gene, whereas many multicellular organisms contain multiple actin genes. Actin in Phytophthora infestans is encoded by at least two genes, actA and actB, in contrast t ...
PPT1 - Ycmou
... These are hollow rigid rods of 25 nm in diameter made of with single type of globular protein polymer called as tubulin. Tubulin is dimer of alpha tubulin and β tubulin polypeptides. Like actin filaments the microtubule filaments are dynamic structures and assemble, dissemble constantly. The movemen ...
... These are hollow rigid rods of 25 nm in diameter made of with single type of globular protein polymer called as tubulin. Tubulin is dimer of alpha tubulin and β tubulin polypeptides. Like actin filaments the microtubule filaments are dynamic structures and assemble, dissemble constantly. The movemen ...
Cytoplasmic Actin in Neuronal Processes as a Possible Mediator of
... membrane and the postsynaptic density with their barbed ends and also in parallel with periodical cross bridges. In the spine stalks and dendrites, the actin filaments are organized in long strands. Given the contractile properties of actin, these results suggest that the cytoplasmic actin may be in ...
... membrane and the postsynaptic density with their barbed ends and also in parallel with periodical cross bridges. In the spine stalks and dendrites, the actin filaments are organized in long strands. Given the contractile properties of actin, these results suggest that the cytoplasmic actin may be in ...
Muscles
... This takes only a few milliseconds During a contraction 1000’s of cross bridges in each sarcomere go through this cycle. However the cross bridges are all out of synch, so there are always many cross bridges attached at any one time to maintain force. http://199.17.138.73/berg/ANIMTNS/SlidFila ...
... This takes only a few milliseconds During a contraction 1000’s of cross bridges in each sarcomere go through this cycle. However the cross bridges are all out of synch, so there are always many cross bridges attached at any one time to maintain force. http://199.17.138.73/berg/ANIMTNS/SlidFila ...
Actin microfilaments are associated with the migrating nucleus and
... the cell including both the growing and the non-growing semicell and also ensheathes the chloroplast (Fig. 2A-E). It reaches far into the tips of the lobes and continues through the isthmus area. There is no preferential orientation of the microfilament bundles and no visible correlation to the cell ...
... the cell including both the growing and the non-growing semicell and also ensheathes the chloroplast (Fig. 2A-E). It reaches far into the tips of the lobes and continues through the isthmus area. There is no preferential orientation of the microfilament bundles and no visible correlation to the cell ...
During development neurons form an elaborate, branching system
... During development neurons form an elaborate, branching system of protrusions. Precise control over the correct development of neuronal protrusions is essential for normal brain development and higher brain function. Even subtle defects in their development or stability can lead to neuronal degenera ...
... During development neurons form an elaborate, branching system of protrusions. Precise control over the correct development of neuronal protrusions is essential for normal brain development and higher brain function. Even subtle defects in their development or stability can lead to neuronal degenera ...
The Importance of Cell Motility
... The interactions among troponin T, troponin C, tropomyosin, and actin are Ca++ dependent. When Ca++ binds to specific regulatory sites of TnC there is a tighter association among the troponin subunits and a change in the position of tropomyosin on the actin filament. This change in binding of tropom ...
... The interactions among troponin T, troponin C, tropomyosin, and actin are Ca++ dependent. When Ca++ binds to specific regulatory sites of TnC there is a tighter association among the troponin subunits and a change in the position of tropomyosin on the actin filament. This change in binding of tropom ...
Sensing of pathogen-induced F-actin
... acts as a GEF (Rudolph et al., 1999; Friebel et al., 2001; Schlumberger and Hardt, 2005), YopE from Yersina pseudotuberculosis that acts as a GAP (reviewed in (Aepfelbacher et al., 2011)) and C3 exoenzyme of Clostridium botulinum that confers ADPribosylation of Rho GTPases (reviewed in (Aktories, 20 ...
... acts as a GEF (Rudolph et al., 1999; Friebel et al., 2001; Schlumberger and Hardt, 2005), YopE from Yersina pseudotuberculosis that acts as a GAP (reviewed in (Aepfelbacher et al., 2011)) and C3 exoenzyme of Clostridium botulinum that confers ADPribosylation of Rho GTPases (reviewed in (Aktories, 20 ...
Actin in plants
... narrows as in-furrowing proceeds - clearly inviting comparison with the contractile ring of animal cytokinesis. No specific mention is made of how the ring of actin relates to the central algal phragmoplast. However, since F-actin is reportedly present in a ring "until the cell is finally divided in ...
... narrows as in-furrowing proceeds - clearly inviting comparison with the contractile ring of animal cytokinesis. No specific mention is made of how the ring of actin relates to the central algal phragmoplast. However, since F-actin is reportedly present in a ring "until the cell is finally divided in ...
Cell and Organelle Movement
... Cell and Organelle Movement I. Motor Proteins A. Myosin II, first identified in skeletal muscle, fig. 16-51 1. Responsible for generating force for muscle contraction and cytokenesis 2. Elongated protein composed of two heavy chains and two light chains a. Heavy chain composed of a globular head dom ...
... Cell and Organelle Movement I. Motor Proteins A. Myosin II, first identified in skeletal muscle, fig. 16-51 1. Responsible for generating force for muscle contraction and cytokenesis 2. Elongated protein composed of two heavy chains and two light chains a. Heavy chain composed of a globular head dom ...
Actin
Actin is a globular multi-functional protein that forms microfilaments. It is found in essentially all eukaryotic cells (the only known exception being nematode sperm), where it may be present at concentrations of over 100 μM. An actin protein's mass is roughly 42-kDa and it is the monomeric subunit of two types of filaments in cells: microfilaments, one of the three major components of the cytoskeleton, and thin filaments, part of the contractile apparatus in muscle cells. It can be present as either a free monomer called G-actin (globular) or as part of a linear polymer microfilament called F-actin (filamentous), both of which are essential for such important cellular functions as the mobility and contraction of cells during cell division.Actin participates in many important cellular processes, including muscle contraction, cell motility, cell division and cytokinesis, vesicle and organelle movement, cell signaling, and the establishment and maintenance of cell junctions and cell shape. Many of these processes are mediated by extensive and intimate interactions of actin with cellular membranes. In vertebrates, three main groups of actin isoforms, alpha, beta, and gamma have been identified. The alpha actins, found in muscle tissues, are a major constituent of the contractile apparatus. The beta and gamma actins coexist in most cell types as components of the cytoskeleton, and as mediators of internal cell motility. It is believed that the diverse range of structures formed by actin enabling it to fulfill such a large range of functions is regulated through the binding of tropomyosin along the filaments.A cell’s ability to dynamically form microfilaments provides the scaffolding that allows it to rapidly remodel itself in response to its environment or to the organism’s internal signals, for example, to increase cell membrane absorption or increase cell adhesion in order to form cell tissue. Other enzymes or organelles such as cilia can be anchored to this scaffolding in order to control the deformation of the external cell membrane, which allows endocytosis and cytokinesis. It can also produce movement either by itself or with the help of molecular motors. Actin therefore contributes to processes such as the intracellular transport of vesicles and organelles as well as muscular contraction and cellular migration. It therefore plays an important role in embryogenesis, the healing of wounds and the invasivity of cancer cells. The evolutionary origin of actin can be traced to prokaryotic cells, which have equivalent proteins. Actin homologs from prokaryotes and archea polymerize into different helical or linear filaments consisting of one or multiple strands. However the in-strand contacts and nucleotide binding sites are preserved in prokaryotes and in archea. Lastly, actin plays an important role in the control of gene expression.A large number of illnesses and diseases are caused by mutations in alleles of the genes that regulate the production of actin or of its associated proteins. The production of actin is also key to the process of infection by some pathogenic microorganisms. Mutations in the different genes that regulate actin production in humans can cause muscular diseases, variations in the size and function of the heart as well as deafness. The make-up of the cytoskeleton is also related to the pathogenicity of intracellular bacteria and viruses, particularly in the processes related to evading the actions of the immune system.