Earth is in the midst of its sixth mass extinction event
... sad truth is that Earth is in the midst of its sixth mass extinction event. The term “extinction event” is used to define any period from three to twenty centuries, during which the planet loses 75 percent of its biodiversity. The world has lost 52 percent of its wildlife in the past four decades al ...
... sad truth is that Earth is in the midst of its sixth mass extinction event. The term “extinction event” is used to define any period from three to twenty centuries, during which the planet loses 75 percent of its biodiversity. The world has lost 52 percent of its wildlife in the past four decades al ...
Document
... Permian Period: Pangaea • One of several supercontinents formed over the history of Earth – About one every 500 million years ...
... Permian Period: Pangaea • One of several supercontinents formed over the history of Earth – About one every 500 million years ...
Population Ecology, Biodiversity and Conservation
... Death rate (mortality) Age structure~ relative number of individuals of each age Survivorship curve~ plot of numbers still alive at each age ...
... Death rate (mortality) Age structure~ relative number of individuals of each age Survivorship curve~ plot of numbers still alive at each age ...
Extinctions
... eventually – more than 99% of species that ever existed are now extinct. • Individual species last on average 1- 10 million years. If we assume 10 million species, we would then predict 100 to 1000 extinctions each century. • Current rate: birds and mammals = 1% per century (100-1000 x background ra ...
... eventually – more than 99% of species that ever existed are now extinct. • Individual species last on average 1- 10 million years. If we assume 10 million species, we would then predict 100 to 1000 extinctions each century. • Current rate: birds and mammals = 1% per century (100-1000 x background ra ...
Form to Function
... •Streamlined shape •Loss of hindlimbs • Thunniform swimming – caudal oscillation •Resembles a standing wave •Lower third of body and caudal fluke moved through water in vertical plane •Specialized caudal fluke – lunate shape, provides thrust on both upstroke and downstroke ...
... •Streamlined shape •Loss of hindlimbs • Thunniform swimming – caudal oscillation •Resembles a standing wave •Lower third of body and caudal fluke moved through water in vertical plane •Specialized caudal fluke – lunate shape, provides thrust on both upstroke and downstroke ...
Joel E. Cohen, Laboratory of Populations, Rockefeller University
... and fish larvae up to the largest predatory fishes. Simple theory based on the transfer of energy from smaller to larger organisms and temperature dependence on metabolic rates can be used to predict the abundance-body size distribution from primary productivity and temperature. Dynamic size spectru ...
... and fish larvae up to the largest predatory fishes. Simple theory based on the transfer of energy from smaller to larger organisms and temperature dependence on metabolic rates can be used to predict the abundance-body size distribution from primary productivity and temperature. Dynamic size spectru ...
Other Characteristics Shared by Mammals
... Hair and Mammary Glands ● two characteristics that distinguish mammals from other animals mammary glands: glandular tissue that produce and secrete milk that nourishes developing young ...
... Hair and Mammary Glands ● two characteristics that distinguish mammals from other animals mammary glands: glandular tissue that produce and secrete milk that nourishes developing young ...
Megafauna and ecosystem function from the
... have declined by 66–99% (3, 45). To date there have been few global extinctions of marine megafauna, with the exception of some coastal aquatic species such as Steller’s sea cow (46). In all continental areas, extinctions, reductions in abundance, and local extirpations of wild megafauna have contin ...
... have declined by 66–99% (3, 45). To date there have been few global extinctions of marine megafauna, with the exception of some coastal aquatic species such as Steller’s sea cow (46). In all continental areas, extinctions, reductions in abundance, and local extirpations of wild megafauna have contin ...
18L- Limiting Factors - Doral Academy Preparatory
... rabbits, but if there is only enough food for ten rabbits, the population will not grow any_____________. In this example, _____________ is the limiting factor. Food is not the only factor that may limit _____________ growth. For example, there may be enough food to support a thousand birds in a cer ...
... rabbits, but if there is only enough food for ten rabbits, the population will not grow any_____________. In this example, _____________ is the limiting factor. Food is not the only factor that may limit _____________ growth. For example, there may be enough food to support a thousand birds in a cer ...
Evolution and Biodiversity
... 1) fossils: skeletons of organisms trapped in bedrocks and sediments and date back to as much as millions of years 2) Homologuous body structures: similar bone arrangement in the skeletons of animals is considered to be an evidence of evolution from a common ancestor. 3) Embryology: the early embryo ...
... 1) fossils: skeletons of organisms trapped in bedrocks and sediments and date back to as much as millions of years 2) Homologuous body structures: similar bone arrangement in the skeletons of animals is considered to be an evidence of evolution from a common ancestor. 3) Embryology: the early embryo ...
Animal Kingdom - Vertebrate Animals – Part 1 Phylum: Chordata
... Vertebrates (These are chordates that possess a hard backbone surrounding and protecting the nerve cord.) A. These are mostly large and active animals. B. They possess a very high degree of Cephalization. C. They have an axial skeleton supported by the backbone. (This helps lead to larger size and b ...
... Vertebrates (These are chordates that possess a hard backbone surrounding and protecting the nerve cord.) A. These are mostly large and active animals. B. They possess a very high degree of Cephalization. C. They have an axial skeleton supported by the backbone. (This helps lead to larger size and b ...
The Nitrogen Cycle The Nitrogen Cycle
... • Estimates of current extinction rates range from 10% during the next 20 years to 50% over the next 50 years. • Our current rate of extinction is much higher than the biggies. • If continued long enough we can surpass the big mass extinctions in total number very fast. ...
... • Estimates of current extinction rates range from 10% during the next 20 years to 50% over the next 50 years. • Our current rate of extinction is much higher than the biggies. • If continued long enough we can surpass the big mass extinctions in total number very fast. ...
chapter 5
... 10. Discuss the pros and cons of artificial selection and genetic engineering. Consider the possible environmental impacts on resource use, pollution and environmental degradation. 11. Indicate what it is that has allowed humans to have such a profound influence on their environment. ...
... 10. Discuss the pros and cons of artificial selection and genetic engineering. Consider the possible environmental impacts on resource use, pollution and environmental degradation. 11. Indicate what it is that has allowed humans to have such a profound influence on their environment. ...
Biodiversity has been affected by five mass extinction
... Fossil records have been instrumental in differentiating between five periods that appear to show sudden and dramatic losses inbiodiversity. Although there have been smaller periods of extinction, the fivemass extinction periods demonstrate a continuous series of large extinction events. The Ordovic ...
... Fossil records have been instrumental in differentiating between five periods that appear to show sudden and dramatic losses inbiodiversity. Although there have been smaller periods of extinction, the fivemass extinction periods demonstrate a continuous series of large extinction events. The Ordovic ...
Chapter 3
... • Environmental conditions consistent – favors specialists. Fewer competitors, food plentiful • Rapidly changing environmental conditions – favors generalists… More adaptable. ...
... • Environmental conditions consistent – favors specialists. Fewer competitors, food plentiful • Rapidly changing environmental conditions – favors generalists… More adaptable. ...
document
... was first noted in the late 1950s when spraying to control the beetles that carry Dutch elm disease led to a slaughter of robins in Michigan and elsewhere. Researchers discovered that earthworms were accumulating the persistent pesticide and that the robins eating them were being poisoned. Other bir ...
... was first noted in the late 1950s when spraying to control the beetles that carry Dutch elm disease led to a slaughter of robins in Michigan and elsewhere. Researchers discovered that earthworms were accumulating the persistent pesticide and that the robins eating them were being poisoned. Other bir ...
chapter 5
... 10. Discuss the pros and cons of artificial selection and genetic engineering. Consider the possible environmental impacts on resource use, pollution, and environmental degradation. 11. Indicate what it is that has allowed humans to have such a profound influence on their environment. ...
... 10. Discuss the pros and cons of artificial selection and genetic engineering. Consider the possible environmental impacts on resource use, pollution, and environmental degradation. 11. Indicate what it is that has allowed humans to have such a profound influence on their environment. ...
ES Chapter 4 modified
... Evolution and evolutionary processes: Micro (small genetic changes) and Macro (long-term, species wide changes) Ecological niches: Species adapting to a specific role in their ecosystem. Species formation: Unique adaptations of small populations. Species extinction: a failure to adapt. ...
... Evolution and evolutionary processes: Micro (small genetic changes) and Macro (long-term, species wide changes) Ecological niches: Species adapting to a specific role in their ecosystem. Species formation: Unique adaptations of small populations. Species extinction: a failure to adapt. ...
Name: Period: _____ Date
... For birds, is fertilization inside the body (internal) of outside the body (external)? Explain. (read carefully for this one…) ...
... For birds, is fertilization inside the body (internal) of outside the body (external)? Explain. (read carefully for this one…) ...
Ecological Niches and Adaptation
... when the population cannot adapt to changing environmental conditions. The ...
... when the population cannot adapt to changing environmental conditions. The ...
Populations and Humans in the Biosphere
... • Exponential model (red) • idealized population in an unlimited environment (J-curve); r-selected species (r=per capita growth rate) ...
... • Exponential model (red) • idealized population in an unlimited environment (J-curve); r-selected species (r=per capita growth rate) ...
Some General Features of Animals
... • ______________-Contains fat rich nutrients (develops into allantois in mammals) ...
... • ______________-Contains fat rich nutrients (develops into allantois in mammals) ...
Megafauna
In terrestrial zoology, megafauna (Ancient Greek megas ""large"" + New Latin fauna ""animal"") are large or giant animals. The most common thresholds used are 45 kilograms (100 lb) or 100 kilograms (220 lb). This thus includes many species not popularly thought of as overly large, such as white-tailed deer, red kangaroo, and humans.In practice, the most common usage encountered in academic and popular writing describes land animals roughly larger than a human that are not (solely) domesticated. The term is especially associated with the Pleistocene megafauna – the land animals often larger than modern counterparts considered archetypical of the last ice age, such as mammoths, the majority of which in northern Eurasia, the Americas and Australia became extinct as recently as 10,000–40,000 years ago. It is also commonly used for the largest extant wild land animals, especially elephants, giraffes, hippopotamuses, rhinoceroses, and large bovines. Megafauna may be subcategorized by their trophic position into megaherbivores (e.g., elk), megacarnivores (e.g., lions), and, more rarely, megaomnivores (e.g., bears).Other common uses are for giant aquatic species, especially whales, any larger wild or domesticated land animals such as larger antelope and cattle, as well as numerous dinosaurs and other extinct giant reptilians.The term is also sometimes applied to animals (usually extinct) of great size relative to a more common or surviving type of the animal, for example the 1 m (3 ft) dragonflies of the Carboniferous period.