Dear Mr. ferran: 1lftt`l`pJl - Oregon Department of Environmental
... which is an alternative action that the Federal agency could take which would not violate section 7(a)(2). NMFS has developed an RPA, which, if implemented, will change the action such that NMFS would conclude no jeopardy or destruction or adverse modification of critical habitat. This opinion asses ...
... which is an alternative action that the Federal agency could take which would not violate section 7(a)(2). NMFS has developed an RPA, which, if implemented, will change the action such that NMFS would conclude no jeopardy or destruction or adverse modification of critical habitat. This opinion asses ...
LINALOOL BIOTRANSFORMATION WITH FUNGI
... components of Syringa vulgaris L. flowers. Recently biogenetic studies with stable isotope labelled precursors have shown that S. vulgaris L. converts linalool into lilac aldehydes and lilac alcohols (1, 2). Due to the evidence of a plant biosynthetic pathway we hypothesized that there are also othe ...
... components of Syringa vulgaris L. flowers. Recently biogenetic studies with stable isotope labelled precursors have shown that S. vulgaris L. converts linalool into lilac aldehydes and lilac alcohols (1, 2). Due to the evidence of a plant biosynthetic pathway we hypothesized that there are also othe ...
Guidance on tiered risk assessment for plant protection products for
... the derivation of regulatory acceptable concentrations (RACs) on the basis of two options: (1) the ecological threshold option (ETO), accepting negligible population effects only, and (2) the ecological recovery option (ERO), accepting some population-level effects if ecological recovery takes place ...
... the derivation of regulatory acceptable concentrations (RACs) on the basis of two options: (1) the ecological threshold option (ETO), accepting negligible population effects only, and (2) the ecological recovery option (ERO), accepting some population-level effects if ecological recovery takes place ...
4-chloroaniline - World Health Organization
... The primary objective of CICADs is characterization of hazard and dose–response from exposure to a chemical. CICADs are not a summary of all available data on a particular chemical; rather, they include only that information considered critical for characterization of the risk posed by the chemical. ...
... The primary objective of CICADs is characterization of hazard and dose–response from exposure to a chemical. CICADs are not a summary of all available data on a particular chemical; rather, they include only that information considered critical for characterization of the risk posed by the chemical. ...
Advice Summary - Product No. 63651, Application No. 49642
... Toxicological studies on three major metabolites (M650F02, M650F03 and M650F04) indicated they were not mutagenic or genotoxic with and without metabolic activation in vitro, genotoxic in vivo and/or no adverse treatment-related effects were seen at doses close to or exceeding the limit dose of 1000 ...
... Toxicological studies on three major metabolites (M650F02, M650F03 and M650F04) indicated they were not mutagenic or genotoxic with and without metabolic activation in vitro, genotoxic in vivo and/or no adverse treatment-related effects were seen at doses close to or exceeding the limit dose of 1000 ...
Human and Environmental Toxicity of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS
... foods can be classified as toxic. For example, sodium chloride (table salt) has an LD50 of 3,000 mg/kg, making it moderately toxic by definition.31 Chronic toxicity. Carcinogenicity. The most egregious claim by far is that SLS is carcinogenic.16,32 The origin of this claim is uncertain, but it is li ...
... foods can be classified as toxic. For example, sodium chloride (table salt) has an LD50 of 3,000 mg/kg, making it moderately toxic by definition.31 Chronic toxicity. Carcinogenicity. The most egregious claim by far is that SLS is carcinogenic.16,32 The origin of this claim is uncertain, but it is li ...
Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and its Effects on
... 4. Belpoggi, F. , Soffritti, M. , & Maltoni, C. (1995). Methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (mtbe)--a gasoline additive--causes testicular and lymphohaematopoietic cancers in rats. Toxicology and Industrial Health, 11(2), 119-149. 5. Bird, M.G., Burleigh-Flayer, H.D., Chun, J.S., Douglas, J.F., Kneiss, J.J. ...
... 4. Belpoggi, F. , Soffritti, M. , & Maltoni, C. (1995). Methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (mtbe)--a gasoline additive--causes testicular and lymphohaematopoietic cancers in rats. Toxicology and Industrial Health, 11(2), 119-149. 5. Bird, M.G., Burleigh-Flayer, H.D., Chun, J.S., Douglas, J.F., Kneiss, J.J. ...
Cellular responses and disease expression in oysters (Crassostrea
... Exposure of oysters to water soluble fractions derived from field-contaminated sediments (FCS) containing predominantly lower molecular weight organic aromatic compounds, has been previously demonstrated to enhance pre-existing infections caused by the protozoan parasite, Perkinsus marinus (Dermo), a ...
... Exposure of oysters to water soluble fractions derived from field-contaminated sediments (FCS) containing predominantly lower molecular weight organic aromatic compounds, has been previously demonstrated to enhance pre-existing infections caused by the protozoan parasite, Perkinsus marinus (Dermo), a ...
N-oxidation - WordPress.com
... • Methemoglobinemia toxicity is caused by several aromatic amines, including aniline and dapsone, and is a result of the bioconversion of the aromatic amine to its N-hydroxy derivative. • The N-hydroxylamine oxidizes the Fe2+ form of hemoglobin to its Fe3+ form. This oxidized (Fe3+) state of hemoglo ...
... • Methemoglobinemia toxicity is caused by several aromatic amines, including aniline and dapsone, and is a result of the bioconversion of the aromatic amine to its N-hydroxy derivative. • The N-hydroxylamine oxidizes the Fe2+ form of hemoglobin to its Fe3+ form. This oxidized (Fe3+) state of hemoglo ...
EURL ECVAM strategy to replace, reduce and refine the use of
... "The methods selected should avoid, as far as possible, death as an end-point due to the severe suffering experienced during the period before death. Where possible, it should be substituted by more humane end-points using clinical signs that determine the impending death, thereby allowing the anima ...
... "The methods selected should avoid, as far as possible, death as an end-point due to the severe suffering experienced during the period before death. Where possible, it should be substituted by more humane end-points using clinical signs that determine the impending death, thereby allowing the anima ...
REDUCTIONS AND REDUCING AGENTS
... ketone with lithium or sodium in liquid ammonia at low temperature. Usually one equivalent of an alcohol or NH4Cl is added to the reaction medium at the end to serve as a proton source / donor to the enolate. ...
... ketone with lithium or sodium in liquid ammonia at low temperature. Usually one equivalent of an alcohol or NH4Cl is added to the reaction medium at the end to serve as a proton source / donor to the enolate. ...
Phenols
... OH The antiseptic property of phenol was discovered in 1865 by Joseph Lister, a physician in Scotland. Listerine, named after him, contains phenol as the active ingredient. Today, over two million tons of phenol are made each year in the US alone. Phenol is used for resins, glue to make plywood, pla ...
... OH The antiseptic property of phenol was discovered in 1865 by Joseph Lister, a physician in Scotland. Listerine, named after him, contains phenol as the active ingredient. Today, over two million tons of phenol are made each year in the US alone. Phenol is used for resins, glue to make plywood, pla ...
Triclopyr - Oregon State University
... Is triclopyr a carcinogen? Animals There is no evidence that triclopyr causes unscheduled DNA synthesis or acts as a mutagen (1). In feeding studies with mice and rats, no compound-related tumors are observed in male animals. However, there is a significant increase in the presence of mammary gland ...
... Is triclopyr a carcinogen? Animals There is no evidence that triclopyr causes unscheduled DNA synthesis or acts as a mutagen (1). In feeding studies with mice and rats, no compound-related tumors are observed in male animals. However, there is a significant increase in the presence of mammary gland ...
Glutathione-Related Enzyme Activity in Liver and Kidney of Rats
... [6]. Since the rate of EtOH oxidation in rats is three times faster than in humans (0.1 g/kg body wt./h), the animals need a higher dose of EtOH than humans to produce a comparable toxic effect [6]. Thus the level of EtOH treatment used in this study may be tantamount to its misuse by people. After ...
... [6]. Since the rate of EtOH oxidation in rats is three times faster than in humans (0.1 g/kg body wt./h), the animals need a higher dose of EtOH than humans to produce a comparable toxic effect [6]. Thus the level of EtOH treatment used in this study may be tantamount to its misuse by people. After ...
PERSPECTIVE Rationale and Procedures for Using the Tissue
... Assessing the toxicity response as a function of whole-body or specific organ tissue concentrations has been employed for many years, but only recently has emerged as an important area of research in aquatic environmental toxicology (Friant and Henry 1985; McCarty 1986; McCarty and Mackay 1993). For ...
... Assessing the toxicity response as a function of whole-body or specific organ tissue concentrations has been employed for many years, but only recently has emerged as an important area of research in aquatic environmental toxicology (Friant and Henry 1985; McCarty 1986; McCarty and Mackay 1993). For ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS)
... enzyme lipid peroxidation is increased. Therefore, the results indicated that the atrazine might generate free radicals that reacted with membrane lipids and induced oxidative damage of membrane structure. The present study reveals that AP treatment results decreased lipid peroxidation in the liver ...
... enzyme lipid peroxidation is increased. Therefore, the results indicated that the atrazine might generate free radicals that reacted with membrane lipids and induced oxidative damage of membrane structure. The present study reveals that AP treatment results decreased lipid peroxidation in the liver ...
Chapter 5.10 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
... dioxin-like compounds in relation to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) (i.e. toxic equivalency factors, TEFs) are determined from in vitro and in vivo studies. This approach is based on the evidence that there is a common, receptor-mediated mechanism of action for these compounds, but it ha ...
... dioxin-like compounds in relation to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) (i.e. toxic equivalency factors, TEFs) are determined from in vitro and in vivo studies. This approach is based on the evidence that there is a common, receptor-mediated mechanism of action for these compounds, but it ha ...
9. evaluation of toxicological data
... from the test substance for 4 hours (whole body exposure). Due to small proportion of particles of respirable size (<2% less than 6 m), the highest attainable atmospheric concentration of MicroLite in the experiment was 0.053 mg/L. ...
... from the test substance for 4 hours (whole body exposure). Due to small proportion of particles of respirable size (<2% less than 6 m), the highest attainable atmospheric concentration of MicroLite in the experiment was 0.053 mg/L. ...
Can highly hydrophobic organic substances cause aquatic baseline
... Another difficulty arises from the fact that toxic responses often are related to nominal concentrations or to total measured concentrations, both of which can be substantially higher than actual dissolved concentrations [31,32]. Most of these experimental errors are easily made when testing highly ...
... Another difficulty arises from the fact that toxic responses often are related to nominal concentrations or to total measured concentrations, both of which can be substantially higher than actual dissolved concentrations [31,32]. Most of these experimental errors are easily made when testing highly ...
Phenol: Hazards and Precautions
... Phenol can pose a severe health hazard and should be handled with extreme caution. Phenol is highly corrosive to the skin and readily absorbed through it, whereupon it can affect the central nervous system and cause damage to the liver and kidneys. It is also a mutagen, and there is some evidence th ...
... Phenol can pose a severe health hazard and should be handled with extreme caution. Phenol is highly corrosive to the skin and readily absorbed through it, whereupon it can affect the central nervous system and cause damage to the liver and kidneys. It is also a mutagen, and there is some evidence th ...
RES15_c2_wp
... Suggest an equation for the reaction between phenol and ethanoic acid. Name the product – is the reaction more or less likely to happen than with an alcohol? Suggest or research the conditions. Suggest five reactions that would be expected of the hypothetical molecule cyclohexa-1,3,5-triene. Give eq ...
... Suggest an equation for the reaction between phenol and ethanoic acid. Name the product – is the reaction more or less likely to happen than with an alcohol? Suggest or research the conditions. Suggest five reactions that would be expected of the hypothetical molecule cyclohexa-1,3,5-triene. Give eq ...
Glufosinate ammonium poisoning
... It is for glufosinate is about the same as for oral exposures. However, through the skin, glufosinate formulations can be 2.5 times more toxic than glufosinate alone. Glufosinate was first considered by the UK Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF) Scientific Sub-Committee in 1984. The h ...
... It is for glufosinate is about the same as for oral exposures. However, through the skin, glufosinate formulations can be 2.5 times more toxic than glufosinate alone. Glufosinate was first considered by the UK Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF) Scientific Sub-Committee in 1984. The h ...
A Mild and Convenient Conversion of Ketones to the Corresponding
... compared to the large excesses required in the other procedures), (b) mild reaction conditions (room temperature, neutral pH, and the use of common aprotic solvents), (c) the inertness of most functional groups toward catecholborane (only aldehydes are reduced faster than tosylhydrazones), and (d) f ...
... compared to the large excesses required in the other procedures), (b) mild reaction conditions (room temperature, neutral pH, and the use of common aprotic solvents), (c) the inertness of most functional groups toward catecholborane (only aldehydes are reduced faster than tosylhydrazones), and (d) f ...
NA/320 - NICNAS
... Priazul 2118 will be transported by road from Australian wharves to customer warehouses and manufacturing plants for formulation. Transport workers and warehouse workers could only be exposed in the event of accidental spillage. The notifier has not provided specific information on the number of cus ...
... Priazul 2118 will be transported by road from Australian wharves to customer warehouses and manufacturing plants for formulation. Transport workers and warehouse workers could only be exposed in the event of accidental spillage. The notifier has not provided specific information on the number of cus ...
Effects of xenobiotics on total antioxidant capacity
... Goraca et al., 2010). Exposure to eletromagnetic radiation of 900MHz from mobile phones induced lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus and brain cortex of rats as well as oxidative stress and histopathological changes in the rats’ endometrium, effects which were reversed by antioxidants (Köylü et al. ...
... Goraca et al., 2010). Exposure to eletromagnetic radiation of 900MHz from mobile phones induced lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus and brain cortex of rats as well as oxidative stress and histopathological changes in the rats’ endometrium, effects which were reversed by antioxidants (Köylü et al. ...
Citrinin
Citrinin is a mycotoxin originally isolated in 1931 by Hetherington and Raistrick from a culture of Penicillium citrinum. It has since been found to be produced by a variety of other fungi that are found or used in the production of human foods, such as grain, cheese, sake, and red pigments. Citrinin has also been found in commercial red yeast rice supplements.