• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
P Series Data Sheet
P Series Data Sheet

... conditions! The power supply is conservatively rated and the amplifiers run cool for greater reliability, but we didn’t stop there. These amplifiers feature our ALM (Advanced Load Monitoring) circuitry which protects sensitive output devices by constantly monitoring temperature, current and voltage ...
DQ12A
DQ12A

... delivered to your device? Hint- sketch the expression for

you obtained in part (d) as a function of X. Which value of X maximizes

? What frequency gives you that value for X? ...

Film capacitors - PowerFactor Correction - MMI7000
Film capacitors - PowerFactor Correction - MMI7000

... 1. Some parts of this publication contain statements about the suitability of our products for certain areas of application. These statements are based on our knowledge of typical requirements that are often placed on our products in the areas of application concerned. We nevertheless expressly poin ...
STN851-A
STN851-A

... Figure 13. Resistive load switching test circuit ...
Format of Papers (DOC)
Format of Papers (DOC)

... Mabcd, Rabcd, in February 1961. He received a five-year degree in electronic engineering from the University of Babcd, Rabcd, in 1986 and the Ph.D. degree in Automatic Systems and Control from the same university, in 1996. He is currently a Professor with the University of Pabcd, Rabcd. Previously, ...
• DC Standby Systems
• DC Standby Systems

novel voltage stability analysis of a grid connected – photovoltic
novel voltage stability analysis of a grid connected – photovoltic

... depletion of fossil fuel deposits, quality of fuels, heavy price to be paid for basic materials plus their transportation cost and above all the environmental degradation caused by the use of conventional energy sources. The alternatives to the conventional energy sources are environment friendly an ...
PDF version
PDF version

... is consumed in the comparator input stage, which uses about 9µA of bias current. Peak power during latching is between 0.5 and 1mW, generally in the lower end of that range. Variations in clock frequency of ±20% do not affect the output significantly. Increasing the clock frequency increases convers ...
Fluxmeter Measuring Procedures
Fluxmeter Measuring Procedures

... equipped with a memory chip, in which the relevant data of the probe are stored. By this, faulty measurements caused by improper parameter entries are impossible. Moreover, flux densities or field strengths can be directly displayed and conversion is not required. Even the standard model of this flu ...
RF2480
RF2480

... Same as pin 3. Same as pin 3. The input of the phase shifting network. This pin has an internal DC blocking capacitor. This port is voltage driven so matching at different frequencies is not required. Power supply for all circuits except the RF output stage. An external capacitor is needed if no oth ...
IEEE Conference Paper Template
IEEE Conference Paper Template

101a-NK_Technologies_Power_Transducers
101a-NK_Technologies_Power_Transducers

... is at the range maximum and power factor is at unity. For example, using the APT-480-5 A-120-420 with 400:5 current transformers, the transducer will produce 20 mA when there is 400 A through the CT and the primary voltage is 480. If the transducer is used to monitor a three-phase circuit using thre ...
MP3500 series user`s manual
MP3500 series user`s manual

... 2. Do not short-circuit. A short-circuit may cause severe damage to the battery 3. Do not drop, hit or abuse the battery as it may result in the exposure of the battery, which are corrosive. 4. Keep battery away from fire or other sources of extreme heat. Exposure of battery to extreme heat may resu ...
100 WATT, 20 – 520 MHz - ERF SFFPA0001
100 WATT, 20 – 520 MHz - ERF SFFPA0001

... Isolation in Mute Mode Output Noise Floor in Mute Mode [6] [7] Current Consumption in Mute Mode Gain Control Characteristics: Full-Scale Gain Reduction (Relative to Default) ...
Power ratings - Oxford International AQA Examinations
Power ratings - Oxford International AQA Examinations

... Guidelines and answers Activity one Task one Provide 10 appliances around the room as a ‘circus’. Ask students to find the power rating of each. Suitable examples would be hairdryer, toaster, kettle, hair straighteners, mobile phone charger, iron, desk lamp, printer, radio and fan heater. For safety ...
Electrophoresis - University of Guelph
Electrophoresis - University of Guelph

... electric field which is dependent on ratio of charge to mass. Electrical Shock: The effect produced on the body, and in particular the nerves, by an electrical current passing through it. The magnitude of the shock depends on the current flow, usually measured in milliamperes (mA) rather than by vol ...
Measuring Temperature and Testing BASIC Stamp
Measuring Temperature and Testing BASIC Stamp

... similar to the example shown in Figure 9 of the AD780 datasheet. Your BalloonSat may not have resistors installed at locations RV1, R5 or R6. These resistors set the gain of amplifier U6 according to the relationship Gain = 1 + R6/(RV1 + R5). What is the gain of the circuit of Figure 9 of the AD780 ...
Line Diagrams And The Per Unit System
Line Diagrams And The Per Unit System

... is a simplified notation for representing a three-phase power system. Electrical elements such as circuit breaker, transformer, capacitors, bus bars, and conductors are shown by standized schematic symbols. Instead of representing each of three phases with a separate line or terminal, only one condu ...
Project 2: Regulated Power Supply
Project 2: Regulated Power Supply

resume - gate4india.com
resume - gate4india.com

... My Role: Designing and Verification of the Bandgap circuit. The major blocks include Bandgap, Opamp1 (NMOS input) and Opamp2 (PMOS input).  Bandgap: Bandgap has designed to generate the Reference Voltage of 1.25V.  Opamp1: A folded cascode opamp has designed with NMOS differential input to buffer ...
Sample HTPD article for RSI - Narodowe Centrum Badań Jądrowych
Sample HTPD article for RSI - Narodowe Centrum Badań Jądrowych

... has been placed in a lightproof box with a small 137Cs source (used as reference) and an optical fiber. Basically, two types of measurements have been performed: 1) by using the 137Cs as reference source and the LED pulse as perturbation source (with amplitude and frequency variables). These measure ...
Interfacing the MPXM2053 Pressure Sensor to the MSP430F449
Interfacing the MPXM2053 Pressure Sensor to the MSP430F449

... VC  (100k / 1k ) * (V2  V4 ) VC  (100) * (V2  V4 ) VD  ((1  RF R1)  100) * (V2  V4 ) On Full Scale this output is: VD  ((1  82.5k 1k ))  100) *14.2mV  2.61V The range of the A/D converter is 0 to 4096 counts. The A/D values that the system can achieve depend on the maximum and minimum sy ...
R 1
R 1

... A 555 timer connected to operate as an astable multivibrator, which is ...
E-350 - Accuphase
E-350 - Accuphase

... the music signal does not have to pass through such devices, there is no adverse influence from changes in impedance. This means that the outstanding S/N ratio and low distortion of the amplifier are not compromised in any way, and the same superb sound quality will be obtained at any volume setting ...
C 325BEE Stereo Integrated Amplifier
C 325BEE Stereo Integrated Amplifier

< 1 ... 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 ... 1202 >

Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report