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D_LKAT2_P
D_LKAT2_P

... PE adds a second, fully isolated analog output which is independently configured and scaled. This allows one system to have two measurement ranges. PE also adds 2 additional alarms for a total of 3. Each can be configured to visually signal reverse or various current levels. ...
How to Tame the Power Beast in Consumer Handheld MPUs
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svc
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AN-9743 FAN5345 and FAN5346 in LED Applications Programming LED Current
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... Input Capacitor and Return Trace The input capacitor is the first priority in a switching buck or boost regulator PCB layout. A stable input source (VIN) enables a switching regulator to deliver its best performance. During the regulator’s operation, it is switching at a high frequency, which makes ...
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... MAX8550 Evaluation Kit falling transitions and may interfere with circuit performance and generate EMI. To dampen this ringing, an optional series RC snubber circuit is added across the low-side switch. Below is a simple procedure for selecting the value of the series RC for the snubber circuit: 1) ...
Stresa, Italy, 26-28 April 2006
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... fabrication. Testing has normally been achieved by measuring dissipated power in a resistor. Little work has been reported on the power processing electronics, one of the functions of which is to form the interface between the transducer and the load; load circuitry requires a steady DC voltage rail ...
Hybrid Photovoltaic-Fuel Cell System with Voltage Control
Hybrid Photovoltaic-Fuel Cell System with Voltage Control

... PVG or FCG IS decided in order to adapt the DC bus voltage to the required voltage load. The validity of the proposed model has been tested for different scenarios of output environmental conditions. The hybrid system works well. Besides, the proposed control structure is capable to supply the elect ...
Transil™ clamping protection mode
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Owner`s Guide for the Bass Amplifier
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... • The amplifier is equipped with a three-prong AC power cord. To reduce the risk of electrical shock, NEVER remove or otherwise attempt to defeat the ground pin of the power cord. • Connect the amplifier ONLY to a properly grounded AC outlet of the proper voltage for your amp. If no grounded outlet ...
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Elec467 Power Machines & Transformers

... 140% torque over rated load; the motor would start to turn if the load doesn’t exceed 140% of rated load. If you had a rated load of 100% then the motor increase speed up to s=.7 Thus for any given constant load, such as 100% rated load (in bold on figure) changing the rheostat changes the slip whic ...
An Introduction to AC Signals and Their Measurement
An Introduction to AC Signals and Their Measurement

... 2. Press the “magical” AUTO button. You will hear a number of relays clicking and popping inside the device. When that all stops, you should see a number of cycles of a sinusoidal waveform on the display. 3. Play with the knobs! Start with the Horizontal knobs on the upper right. The larger knob aff ...
Ground Fault Protection
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... A Ground Fault Detection and Protection method is typically used to continuously monitor an AC electrical circuit for fault conditions, instantly disconnecting the power in order to minimize loss of life or equipment damage. This is particularly pertinent in 115V, 400Hz, three phase aircraft power d ...
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... A well creative and well organized “page” based navigation helps operators quickly get to the information they need, without having to search around. The GUI is “Read-Only” unless a user has logged on. A walk-up user may examine the state of the switch, but can not change that state. This is “USER” ...
review copy not for distribution - Iramis
review copy not for distribution - Iramis

Shield mini 40W Temperature Control
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... SOFT: The ratio of output power is 0.2 times lower than set power at the first 3 seconds, then output according to set power. STANDARD: Normal power’s output. POWERFU+: Output is 1.2 times of set power at the first 3 seconds, then output according to set power. POWERFUL:Output is 1.3 times of set po ...
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... The MAX16806 EV kit demonstrates a high outputcurrent linear LED driver with accurate current control based on the MAX16806 current regulator. This EV kit is capable of supplying regulated output currents up to a total of 350mA and operates at supply voltages between 5.5V to 40V. Note: If the supply ...
Development of Economical Maximum Power Point Tracking System
Development of Economical Maximum Power Point Tracking System

... light from the light sources. The solar cell will then generate voltage. The analog generated voltage will be fed into the controller to be processed and convert into digital signals. The conversion is done by a built-in ADC function inside the controller. The MPPT test bed is designed around the PI ...
Low-Volume PFC Rectifier Based on Non
Low-Volume PFC Rectifier Based on Non

Chapter 5 Electrical Motor Controls
Chapter 5 Electrical Motor Controls

... 20. What logic function is used for multiple stop pushbuttons? NOR 21. What logic function is used for multiple start pushbuttons? OR 22. What is the meaning of the term “Cascade Control” or “Sequence Control”? One motor or more not starting unless another one is already operating 23. Which part of ...
multilevel power converters: a survey
multilevel power converters: a survey

... The field of high power devices has been one of the most active area in research and development of power electronics in the last decades. Several industrial processes have increased their power level needs, triggering the development of new power semiconductors, converter topologies, and control me ...
Specifications
Specifications

... 29.- Results comparison between manual and automatic compensation. Some Practical exercises posibilities with SCADA: 30.- Recording of load profiles. 31.- Real Time electrical parameters visualization. 32.- Remote active power display. 33.- Remote reactive power display. 34.- Monitoring of energy wa ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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