• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
LT3956 - 80VIN, 80VOUT Constant-Current, Constant
LT3956 - 80VIN, 80VOUT Constant-Current, Constant

... It is ideally suited for driving high current LEDs. It features an internal low side N-channel power MOSFET rated for 84V at 3.3A and driven from an internal regulated 7.15V supply. The fixed frequency, current-mode architecture results in stable operation over a wide range of supply and output volt ...
Introduction to Power Management
Introduction to Power Management

... Which control mode to use for various applications? – COT  cheap and easy, always stable but variable frequency & ripple – Voltage mode  most common in Buck, cheap and easy low component count – Current mode  most common for CCM in Boost, Buck-Boost, SEPIC, Flyback, very good performance but need ...
Digital multimeters DMG 100-110
Digital multimeters DMG 100-110

... Alarms and messages with flashing display Four user-programmable alarms with descriptive text can be configured for each limit threshold. When an alarm is triggered, a programmable message is displayed on a dedicated page. A dedicated parameter is provided for users to select flashing of the display ...
Pulse Generator
Pulse Generator

IADE 1400 Lecture Notes 2014.pptx
IADE 1400 Lecture Notes 2014.pptx

... time-varying waveforms Although peak or peak-to-peak amplitude might seem like the most obvious descriptions of a time-varying waveform, there are two reasons to want something different. 1.  What we often care most about is the average power we can extract, not instantaneous voltage or current. 2.  ...
THE ha fler P505 PROFESSIONAL POWER AMPLIFIER
THE ha fler P505 PROFESSIONAL POWER AMPLIFIER

Chapter 2
Chapter 2

... bandwidth, telephone systems can digitize voice into either 128 or 256 levels • These are called quantization levels • If 128 levels, then each sample is 7 bits (2 ^ 7 = ...
isscc 2010 / session 5 / processors / 5.5
isscc 2010 / session 5 / processors / 5.5

... management techniques. These include static voltage scaling, multi-voltage design, multi-clocking, extensive clock gating, multiple threshold voltage devices, dynamic thermal control, eDRAM caches and circuit design to enable low voltage operation. In aggregate the implementation techniques reduce p ...
“conducted immunity” mean?
“conducted immunity” mean?

... RF oscilloscope must be used. The output level can be determined either by measuring the power from the amp output, or by the signal generator output – as long as the stability of the system can be guaranteed. (6.4) This was not mentioned in ed ...
1|l llll ||l|l
1|l llll ||l|l

... windings. One winding appears in series with the boost inductor during the on time. whereas the other winding appears in series with the same inductor during the off time. By connecting the windings so that the voltages across them when they conduct the inductor current are in opposition to the inpu ...
LM3691 - Texas Instruments
LM3691 - Texas Instruments

... The LM3691, a high-efficiency, step-down DC-DC switching buck converter, delivers a constant voltage from either a single Li-Ion or three cell NiMH/NiCd battery to portable devices such as cell phones and PDAs. Using a voltage mode architecture with synchronous rectification, the LM3691 can deliver ...
Ch 6
Ch 6

... The trade-off is that Zin is very low, on the order of 50 Ohms. But in a high-frequency amplifier, it’s usually required that Zin and Zout be around 50 Ohms. ...
Controls - gbeshop.com
Controls - gbeshop.com

... Output current = Rated current of your stepper motors * quantity + 2A (For example, if you want to drive 3 * 3A Nema 23 stepper motors, theoretically 24V 11A DC power supply is recommended, but higher power such as 24V 15A also will be good. If you are not sure about the selection of power supply, p ...
AC Direct Off-Line Power Supplies
AC Direct Off-Line Power Supplies

... To analyze an AC li ne-derived power supply you must test the input AC voltage and the output DC voltage. The input AC voltage to the bridge rectifier is applied to the bridge rectifier at the junction of D2 and D3 and junction of D4 and Dl as shown in figure 24. At these junctions the anode of a di ...
2016 China International Conference on Electricity Distribution
2016 China International Conference on Electricity Distribution

... The photovoltaic cell P-V curves show that under different environmental conditions, the VM of PV array is approximately proportional to change when the Voc of PV array change. Approximate linear relationship exists between Vm and Voc, namely VM≈k1×Voc, in this paper k1=0.78*Voc is affected by illum ...
Power Switch Training Module - E
Power Switch Training Module - E

DC-DC converter control circuits
DC-DC converter control circuits

... controlled oscillator with an active current limit circuit, driver and high current output switch. Output voltage is adjustable through two external resistors with a 2% reference accuracy. ...
APL Subwoofer Manual
APL Subwoofer Manual

... state-of-the-art drivers housed in rugged, roadworthy loudspeaker enclosures. They are suitable for a wide variety of applications, ranging from portable use for shows and events in all types of venues to permanent installations in auditoriums, churches, theaters, stadiums, meeting rooms, boardrooms ...
Krell Audio Components MRA
Krell Audio Components MRA

... with no drop in current or voltage. Only the Master Reference Amplifier has this feature, which continually monitors and adjusts the power source to compensate for even the smallest variation in current or voltage. A new Krell technology contributes to the Master Reference Amplifier's superiority an ...
EFL series datasheet
EFL series datasheet

LM22670,LM22671,LM22672,LM22673,LM22674, LM22675,LM22676,LM22677,LM22678,LM22679, LM25005,LM3578A,LM5000,LM5001,LM5002,
LM22670,LM22671,LM22672,LM22673,LM22674, LM22675,LM22676,LM22677,LM22678,LM22679, LM25005,LM3578A,LM5000,LM5001,LM5002,

... not be modified by the introduction of the 20Ω resistor. A sound mechanical measurement structure is shown in Figure 2. The feedback path is broken on the PCB and a 20Ω resistor is soldered on the PCB. Some of evaluation boards may already have the spot for the stability measurement resistor prepare ...
a 750 MHz, 3.8 mA 10 ns Switching Multiplexers AD8180/AD8182*
a 750 MHz, 3.8 mA 10 ns Switching Multiplexers AD8180/AD8182*

... for RL > 10 kΩ. For heavier loads, the dc gain is approximately that of the voltage divider formed by the output impedance of the mux (typically 27 Ω) and RL. High speed disable clamp circuits at the bases of Q5–Q8 (not shown) allow the buffers to turn off quickly and cleanly without dissipating muc ...
Ham Radio Glossary Alternating current (AC) -
Ham Radio Glossary Alternating current (AC) -

LUMARK®
LUMARK®

MAX9715 2.8W, Low-EMI, Stereo, Filterless Class D Audio Amplifier General Description
MAX9715 2.8W, Low-EMI, Stereo, Filterless Class D Audio Amplifier General Description

... dielectrics, such as tantalum or aluminum electrolytic. Capacitors with high-voltage coefficients, such as ceramics, may result in increased distortion at low frequencies. The inability of small diaphragm speakers to reproduce low frequencies can be exploited to improve click-andpop performance. Set ...
< 1 ... 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 ... 1202 >

Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report