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MP4032-1 - Monolithic Power System
MP4032-1 - Monolithic Power System

... the AC line. The half-wave sinusoid signal on this pin provides a reference signal for the internal current control loop. Zero Current Detection Input. A negative going-edge triggers the turn-on signal of the internal MOSFET. Connect this pin to a resistor divider between the auxiliary winding to GN ...
PDF
PDF

... applications due to their relative low cost and high reliability. Conventionally, these machines are fed from a single-phase ac mains supply. To achieve variable speed operation a power electronics inverter can be used. Although in this case a configuration with a single phase input / three phase ou ...
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... e. g. for the position indicator or the tachometer. A special feature is the possibility of displaying an information text in the display, e. g. for the surveillance of maintenance cycles. In this case the desired information is shown in the display after reaching the fixed preset value. You can dis ...
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... 1) Minimize the area of the high current switching loop of the rectifier diode and output capacitor to avoid excessive switching noise. 2) Connect high-current input and output components with short and wide connections. The high-current input loop goes from the positive terminal of the input capaci ...
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... NMP-8602 PLUS-S is a mini-PCI type III B High-Power card supporting dual-band (2.4GHz & 5GHz) radio operation. It provides high-speed wireless connection with data rate up to 54Mbps. The shirking dimension and light weight can easily integrate into a wide range of AP/Bridge device. The 802.11g stand ...
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... characteristic frequencies of schemes relying on the saturation of the carrier density should be of the order of a few gigahertz at most. It has been recently demonstrated, however, that long waveguides offer responses with speeds in the range of tens of gigahertz [3], [8]. The large gain of long am ...
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... • Indirect (try and test) • Direct • measurement of Irr and T • V scannering ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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