• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
LT1513
LT1513

Principles of Electronic Communication Systems
Principles of Electronic Communication Systems

229_1.PDF
229_1.PDF

... front end will include a charge balance converter, a counter and multiplexer part. The charge balance converter is most suiteable to cover the large dynamic range. The introduced error is smaller than few % in the required dynamic range. Six channels will be transmitted over one cable of up to 3 km ...
LATCHES AND FILP FLOPS
LATCHES AND FILP FLOPS

... stated in the form of maximum rating values on the manufacturer's datasheet. Typically, maximum ratings are given for collector-to-base voltage, collector-to-emitter voltage, baseto-emitter voltage, collector current, and power dissipation. The product of VCE and IC must not exceed the maximum power ...
DAC08 数据手册DataSheet 下载
DAC08 数据手册DataSheet 下载

... Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 18 2/02—Rev. A to Rev. B Edits to SPECIFICATIONS............................................................. 2 Edits to ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATING ................................ 3 Edits to ORDERING GUIDE............ ...
AD8133 - Analog Devices
AD8133 - Analog Devices

... cable. The AD8133 is a triple, low cost differential or singleended input to differential output driver, and each amplifier has a fixed gain of 2 to compensate for the attenuation of line termination resistors. The AD8133 is specifically designed for RGB signals but can be used for any type of analo ...
PE613010 - Peregrine Semiconductor
PE613010 - Peregrine Semiconductor

... date. Peregrine reserves the right to change specifications at any time without notice in order to supply the best possible product. Product Specification: The datasheet contains final data. In the event Peregrine decides to change the specifications, Peregrine will notify customers of the intended ...
GWS250 Series Instruction Manual
GWS250 Series Instruction Manual

AC Drives Selection
AC Drives Selection

Design, Construction and Characterization of a Line-Type
Design, Construction and Characterization of a Line-Type

... Fig. 4. Fundamental parts of the arbitrary pulse waveform. ...
An ultrasonic aid for the blind Wirtz, John Carl. 1966
An ultrasonic aid for the blind Wirtz, John Carl. 1966

MAX4450/MAX4451 Ultra-Small, Low-Cost, 210MHz, Single-Supply Op Amps with Rail-to-Rail Outputs General Description
MAX4450/MAX4451 Ultra-Small, Low-Cost, 210MHz, Single-Supply Op Amps with Rail-to-Rail Outputs General Description

... Output Capacitive Loading and Stability The MAX4450/MAX4451 are optimized for AC performance. They are not designed to drive highly reactive loads, which decrease phase margin and may produce excessive ringing and oscillation. Figure 2 shows a circuit that eliminates this problem. Figure 3 is a grap ...
LVC608/LVC623 and LVC2016
LVC608/LVC623 and LVC2016

... The dust filters remove large particles from the air drawn in by the cooling fans. Check the filters regularly to prevent clogging. The filter elements can be easily removed for cleaning by gently pulling them away from the front panel. B. Level Control The output level for each channel is set with ...
The Reverse Bias Requirement for PIN Diodes in High Power
The Reverse Bias Requirement for PIN Diodes in High Power

... or into avalanche breakdown. However, this requires that the applied DC voltage to be at least equal to the peak RF These higher voltages are oi%en not available or voltage. too expensive to employ in many applications. In the conditionally safe region there is an instantaneous If a reverse excursio ...
RSGB Review of ACOM 1000 and ACOM 2000A
RSGB Review of ACOM 1000 and ACOM 2000A

... RTTY, the blower engages a higher speed, but, even in this case, the increase in noise level is not particularly great. The amplifier follows well in QSK operation and the relays are virtually silent in operation due to their special mounting. The amplifier will not allow hot-switching, it will not ...
Exponential Carrier Wave Modulation
Exponential Carrier Wave Modulation

... SC can be used with all CW methods The RF stage provides image rejection The IF stage provides gain and interference rejection – note that the fractional BW= BT/fIF is selected by adjusting fIF Remember from the second lecture that system design is easier if the fractional bandwidth is kept relative ...
650V CoolMOS™ C7 Switch in a Kelvin Source Configuration
650V CoolMOS™ C7 Switch in a Kelvin Source Configuration

... results in the development of power switches. The latest generation superjunction MOSFETs [1, 2] and new technologies utilizing wide bandgap semiconductors including Silicon Carbide or Gallium Nitride, are able to switch several hundreds of volts and several tens of amperes within a few nanoseconds. ...
Document
Document

... is shown in Fig. 3 where uo, io, ug are PV grid-connected inverter output voltage, grid-connected current, grid voltage respectively, Kvp, Kvi are PI control parameters, Ks is the inverter gain, and Kg is the grid voltage tracking compensation factor. ...
AN1001 - PICList
AN1001 - PICList

... Comes from a fast rising voltage applied across the anode and cathode terminals of an SCR or the main terminals of a triac. Due to the nature of thyristor construction, a small junction capacitor is formed across each PN junction. Figure 14.14 shows how typical internal capacitors are linked in gate ...
AAT4670 数据资料DataSheet下载
AAT4670 数据资料DataSheet下载

... both power devices are switched off until the die temperature cools to a level below the thermal limit threshold. The device will thermal cycle indefinitely until the over-current or high temperature condition is removed. Due to the high thermal conductivity of silicon and the size of the die, the t ...
MDP-1 Vacuum Tube Mic/DI Preamp- Operating Manual Features
MDP-1 Vacuum Tube Mic/DI Preamp- Operating Manual Features

... (178mm). Do not mount the MDP-1 near other heat-producing equipment such as power amplifiers or other vacuum tube products. If possible, leave open at least one rack space above the unit, and use a rack spacer with a ventilation grille. Never operate the MDP-1 inside a road case where the side panel ...
Zener Diode
Zener Diode

... the voltage of the current supply provided by V+ to the desired Vref voltage required by this IC circuit. The small size (typically DO-35, SOT-23, or smaller) and low cost of the Zener (compared to other techniques, such as a linear regulator or reference chip) make it ideal in this type of applicat ...
OPA349, OPA2349 - Texas Instruments
OPA349, OPA2349 - Texas Instruments

... NOTES: (1) Stresses above these ratings may cause permanent damage. Exposure to absolute maximum conditions for extended periods may degrade device reliability. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these, or any other conditions beyond those specified, is not impl ...
New Efficient Bridgeless Cuk Rectifiers for PFC Applications
New Efficient Bridgeless Cuk Rectifiers for PFC Applications

... boost converter such as the dc output voltage is higher than the peak input voltage, lack of galvanic isolation, and high start-up inrush currents. Therefore, for low-output voltage applications, such as telecommunication or computer industry, an additional converter or an isolation transformer is r ...
How to use the Agilent N6700 Series Agilent 662xA
How to use the Agilent N6700 Series Agilent 662xA

< 1 ... 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 ... 1202 >

Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report