• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Analog Floating-Gate, On-Chip Auditory Sensing System Interfaces
Analog Floating-Gate, On-Chip Auditory Sensing System Interfaces

... Fig. 2. Guidelines on using ASP or DSP depending upon required resolution (signal-to-noise). (a) As discussed elsewhere [2], the computation cost of digital computation varies linearly with the required bits of resolution, while the computation cost of digital computation varies exponentially with t ...
HMC284MS8G / 284MS8GE
HMC284MS8G / 284MS8GE

... 1. Set A/B control to 0/+5V, Vdd = +5V and use HCT series logic to provide a TTL driver interface. 2. Control inputs A/B can be driven directly with CMOS logic (HC) with Vdd = +5 Volts applied to the CMOS logic gates. 3. DC blocking capacitors are required for each RF port as shown. Capacitor value ...
HMC284MS8G(E)
HMC284MS8G(E)

... 1. Set A/B control to 0/+5V, Vdd = +5V and use HCT series logic to provide a TTL driver interface. 2. Control inputs A/B can be driven directly with CMOS logic (HC) with Vdd = +5 Volts applied to the CMOS logic gates. 3. DC blocking capacitors are required for each RF port as shown. Capacitor value ...
Online Casino Paysafe - Craps Virtual Player
Online Casino Paysafe - Craps Virtual Player

... where R is the radius of the coil in inches S is the length of the coil winding in inches N is the number of turns These calculations have been simplified in the ARRL type-A "Lightning Calculator," which is a sim- ...
NTD20N06 - Power MOSFET, 20 A, 60 V, N-Channel DPAK
NTD20N06 - Power MOSFET, 20 A, 60 V, N-Channel DPAK

... components. Most power electronic loads are inductive; the data in the figure is taken with a resistive load, which approximates an optimally snubbed inductive load. Power MOSFETs may be safely operated into an inductive load; however, snubbing reduces switching losses. ...
Transistor Introduction, Simulation and optional
Transistor Introduction, Simulation and optional

... One way to consider the operation of a transistor is to think of it as an electrically controlled switch or valve that can be gradually enabled to allow continuously more current through the switch until it is completely conducting. For our purposes, we will consider current flowing into the collect ...
PAM2321 Description Pin Assignments
PAM2321 Description Pin Assignments

... Input power supply tied to the source of the high side P-Channel MOSFET. Power supply; supplies power for the internal circuitry. Feedback input pin. This pin is connected directly to the converter output for the 1.2V fixed output version, or connected to an external resistor divider for the adjusta ...
ADS809 analog-to-digital converter with large input pulse signal
ADS809 analog-to-digital converter with large input pulse signal

... Input shown in Figure 4. Pulse In the first method, the step signal (pulse edge in this case) is applied to the input of the S/H circuit directly during the tracking phase. By delaying the input pulse or sampling clock, we can find the minimum time of the ADC should be less than or close to half of ...
Comparative Measurements on Loudspeaker Distortion: Current vs
Comparative Measurements on Loudspeaker Distortion: Current vs

... from one driver; and the intermodulation test signal used, that consisted of bass and middle tones (50 Hz & 1000 Hz) in equal proportion, revealed only a few decibels decrease in the modulation products on CC. In (Bortoni et al., 2007, p. 13), the THD of a 8-in woofer was compared over the whole ran ...
LTC1069-7 - Linear Phase 8th Order Lowpass Filter
LTC1069-7 - Linear Phase 8th Order Lowpass Filter

... surrounding the package is recommended. The analog ground plane should be connected to any digital ground at a single point. For dual supply operation, Pin 1 should be connected to the analog ground plane. For single supply operation, Pin 1 should be bypassed to the analog ground plane with a capaci ...
Bollman-etal-IEEE-ESARS-2015-Development-of-voltage
Bollman-etal-IEEE-ESARS-2015-Development-of-voltage

... and operations. This requirement does not specify that the voltage at each propulsor motor must be continuous all the time, rather that no single point failure in the system will lead to a steady state loss in thrust power below the minimum required power requirement. The aircraft thrust will not be ...
Low-power, high-intercept interface to the
Low-power, high-intercept interface to the

... matched load for proper operation, while the output can (thus far) drive into the converter input impedance with no consideration of source matching. The output transformer provides 1.4-V/V gain that is removed from the THS4509 gain setting to still hit the target gain of 10 V/V. We intended to test ...
ENHANCING FUEL BURNING EFFICIENCY BY REGULATE SPARK
ENHANCING FUEL BURNING EFFICIENCY BY REGULATE SPARK

AN10361 Philips BISS loadswitch solutions and the SOT666 BISS loadswitch demo board
AN10361 Philips BISS loadswitch solutions and the SOT666 BISS loadswitch demo board

... The lower the forced current gain IC/IB the lower the voltage drop VCEsat. Table 5: exemplarily shows that VCEsat decreases from 159 mV to 127 mV if IC/IB decreases from 46 to 10. In turn, the circuit needs more drive power (Pdrive = Vin x IB) which reduces the efficiency. As a consequence the user ...
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

... In the upper spectral diagram 10 nonoverlapping subcarrier frequency signals arranged in parallel depicting conventional FDM are shown, each being separated by a finite guard band. OFDM is displayed in the bottom spectral diagram where the peak of one signal coincides with the trough of another sign ...
The Common Source JFET Amplifier - IDC
The Common Source JFET Amplifier - IDC

RAIN/SNOW SENSOR CONTROLLER AUTOMATED SYSTEMS
RAIN/SNOW SENSOR CONTROLLER AUTOMATED SYSTEMS

... The main relays are dry contacts and do not supply power directly to your load The Yellow and Red load leads connect to main relays 1 & 2 respectively. Both relays in the DS-9C activate together at all times. These relays act as normally open switches and are fully isolated from each other. Switchin ...
Improvement of the Electric Power Quality Using Series Active and
Improvement of the Electric Power Quality Using Series Active and

IOSR Journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSR-JVSP)
IOSR Journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSR-JVSP)

CD4541B (Rev. E) - Texas Instruments
CD4541B (Rev. E) - Texas Instruments

... Input Voltage Range, All Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.5V to VDD +0.5V DC Input Current, Any One Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±10mA ...
ASNT1012 Reconfigurable MUX CMU
ASNT1012 Reconfigurable MUX CMU

... 27 Via Porto Grande, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA 90275 Offices: 310-377-6029 / 310-803-9284 Fax: 310-377-9940 www.adsantec.com ...
REF3240-EP 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
REF3240-EP 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... Supply voltages below the specified levels can cause the REF32xx to momentarily draw currents greater than the typical quiescent current. This momentary current draw can be prevented by using a power supply with a fast rising edge and low output impedance. For optimal startup when the IN pin and ENA ...
Wind Power Plant Dynamic Reactive Power
Wind Power Plant Dynamic Reactive Power

... …”The Reactive Power requirements shall be available at all MW output levels and may be met through a combination of the Generation Resource’s Unit Reactive Limit (URL), which is the generating unit’s dynamic leading and lagging operating capability, and/or dynamic VAR capable devices.” ...
Document
Document

... • Maintain outputs at desired level even at low input voltages • High starting torque is required ...
Aalborg Universitet three-phase Voltage Source Inverters
Aalborg Universitet three-phase Voltage Source Inverters

< 1 ... 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 ... 1202 >

Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report