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Speed Control of Induction Machines
Speed Control of Induction Machines

2PCA-1000 - Terraplus
2PCA-1000 - Terraplus

... pulses up the cable line for the first frequency, and negative pulses for the second frequency. An anticoincidence algorithm insures that a positive and negative pulse will not occur simultaneously. The microprocessor also controls the motor that opens and closes the caliper mechanism. The mechanism ...
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... can be used to calculate a value for a term referred to as ESR. However, since the DF formula is usually at a much lower frequency than the range listed above, it will give an unrealistically high value. If good quality X5R or X7R ceramic capacitors are used, the actual ESR in the 50 kHz to 200 kHz ...
LTC3600 - 15V, 1.5A Synchronous Rail-to-Rail
LTC3600 - 15V, 1.5A Synchronous Rail-to-Rail

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dimming facts for led products
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... • Some manufacturers do not follow the IES standard. This leads to LED drivers and lamps that claim 0-10V compatibility but drop out or pop on, or dim backwards with the lowest output at the top and the highest output at the bottom. • The control signal is a small analog voltage and long wire runs c ...
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TLE7185-1E - Infineon Technologies

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ee2353 high voltage engineering

... • A switching surge is a short duration transient voltage produced in the system due to a sudden opening or closing of a switch or c.b or due to an arcing at a fault in the system. • Impulse generator circuit is modified to give longer duration wave shape,100/1000 μs,R1 is increased to very high val ...
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... Yao, Demers and Shenker [31] have provided the optimal preemptive static scheduling algorithm for a set of independent tasks with arbitrary arrival times and deadlines. The algorithm is based on the concept of critical regions and the tasks in critical regions are scheduled by the earliest deadline ...
PDF
PDF

Digital Electronics - Dr. Imtiaz Hussain
Digital Electronics - Dr. Imtiaz Hussain

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... Electronic or “non-linear” loads, such as variable frequency and dc motor drives, computers, and automation equipment, draw current from the power system that is not sinusoidal. The resulting non-linear current may be expressed as a series of sinusoidal waves with frequencies equal to integer multip ...
Product Data and Specifications-Specification Data for
Product Data and Specifications-Specification Data for

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... Fig. 1 shows individual phase of a hybrid multilevel VSC with n cells per phase. It can generate 4n+1 voltage levels between converter terminal ‘Ca’ and supply midpoint ‘0’. As a result, with increase in number of H-bridge cells per phase, it gives near pure sinusoidal voltage as shown in Fig. 1[1], ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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