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OPA333A-EP OPA2333A-EP
OPA333A-EP OPA2333A-EP

... simultaneously provide very low offset voltage (10 µV max) and near-zero drift over time and temperature. These miniature, high-precision, low-quiescent-current amplifiers offer high-impedance inputs that have a common-mode range 100 mV beyond the rails, and rail-to-rail output that swings within 50 ...
Industrial Static Var Compensator (SVC)
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... harmonic currents. The fault level of the network is also checked, in case it is not already known. Based on these measurements, the size of the SVC is calculated, the parameters for the filters and flicker reduction are assessed. Since Nokian Capacitors manufactures the main components of the SVC, ...
Platforma mini robota edukacyjnego AMRobot - eCube
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... The information given in this document shall in no event be regarded as a guarantee of conditions or characteristics. With respect to any examples or hints given herein, any typical values stated herein and/or any information regarding the application of the device, Infineon Technologies hereby disc ...
DatasheetDirect.com
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... offer a variety of two-chip solutions, depending on your performance requirements. The TDA7057Q/57AQ amplifiers offer outputs as high as 3 W per channel while the TDA7053/53A offer 1.2 W per channel. All ICs can operate from a 3 to 12 V supply and require no peripheral components. Both the TEA5711 a ...
Industrial Static Var Compensator (SVC)
Industrial Static Var Compensator (SVC)

... harmonic currents. The fault level of the network is also checked, in case it is not already known. Based on these measurements, the size of the SVC is calculated, the parameters for the filters and flicker reduction are assessed. Since Nokian Capacitors manufactures the main components of the SVC, ...
TS1005 - Silicon Labs
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... excellent choice for this application. Since oxygen sensors typically exhibit an operating life of one to two years, an oxygen sensor amplifier built around a TS1005 can operate from a conventionally-available single 1.5-V alkaline AA battery for over 145 years! At such low power consumption from a ...
Instruction Manual
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Power Conversion, Measurement and Pulse Circuits
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... the kHz range. Figure 13, a very simplistic battery model, shows a resistive divider with a partial shunt capacitive term. This capacitive term introduces error in AC-based measurement. Additionally, the battery’s unloaded internal resistance may significantly differ from its loaded value. As such, a ...
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... voltage that reverse biases the varactor diode and determines the rest frequency of the oscillator. The external modulating signal voltages to and subtracts from the dc bias, which changes the capacitance and increases the frequency of oscillation. Positive alternations of the modulating signal incr ...
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... The TPS51220A is a dual synchronous buck regulator controller with two LDOs. It is optimized for 5-V/3.3-V system controller, enabling designers to cost effectively complete 2-cell to 4-cell notebook system power supply. The TPS51220A supports high efficiency, fast transient response, and 99% duty c ...
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... During the last decade, a substantial growth in renewable, distributed energy production has been observed in industrial countries. This phenomenon, coupled with the adoption of open energy markets has significantly complicated the powerflows on the distribution network, requiring advanced and intel ...
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... shipped with the standard 220 Volt connector appropriate for your location. In those areas where there are multiple 220 Volt connectors in common use, the VP-1000 is shipped without the power connector; one may be obtained at a local hardware or electrical supply store. Pictorial diagrams of the com ...
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Fishbone diagrams for a forward converter

... MOSFET, which can go into an avalanche condition. Observing the IQ waveform, the red circle highlights the presence of a reverse current that flows through the body diode of the power MOSFET. If T reset is close to Toff, this phenomenon can induce dv/dt stress. Still, the Treset must satisfy the fol ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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