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MAX9377/MAX9378 Anything-to-LVPECL/LVDS Translators with Pin-Selectable Divide-by-Four General Description
MAX9377/MAX9378 Anything-to-LVPECL/LVDS Translators with Pin-Selectable Divide-by-Four General Description

... high when powering up the device with SEL high prevents the unknown states with the divider from being propagated to the outputs. If the device is powered up with SEL high but without asserting RST, the outputs are only guaranteed to be 1/4th the input frequency after 2.5 cycles have been applied to ...
Utility Static Var Compensator (SVC)
Utility Static Var Compensator (SVC)

... such as computers, are becoming more sophisticated and at the same time more vulnerable to disturbances. Less energy is produced by the use of fossil fuels and more renewable energy sources are being taken into use around the world, for example wind farm usage is increasing especially rapidly. Distu ...
API 4000 G - Absolute Process Instruments
API 4000 G - Absolute Process Instruments

... Excessive low-end-to-span ratio (offset greater than the span) ...
SLO-SYN_SS2000MD4M
SLO-SYN_SS2000MD4M

A Summary of Single Phase Motor Characteristics
A Summary of Single Phase Motor Characteristics

... Both of these motors share similar electrical characteristics and exhibit relatively high running efficiencies (around 60%). Both of these motors use run capacitors to achieve high efficiency by bringing voltage and current into phase with each other. PSC motors have moderate starting torque and do ...
AFR 10_Manual_English-5
AFR 10_Manual_English-5

... 2,5 mm2 cross-section. The connection wiring schema is shown below. Terminal b or n or dn of the load must be grounded preferably to the terminal of the transformer. Before commission make sure that this grounding is present and is not duplicate (at the transformer sec. output and at the protection ...
IBP1011L900 - Integra Technologies, Inc.
IBP1011L900 - Integra Technologies, Inc.

... Stress above one or more of the maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are maximum ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the characteristics sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum values f ...
HMC241QS16
HMC241QS16

... • Test Equipment ...
STP 3 & 4 8.3  Onsite Power Systems
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MIL-STD-1275 Rev. E

... tolerance or limit. Some variation in voltage is reasonable and expected; however, this variation remains within pre-defined limits of operation. 3.5 Transient waveform characteristics. A transient waveform represents a time-varying electrical signal defined by characteristics such as rise/fall time ...
µPMICs for Multimedia Application Processors in a 3.0mm x 2.5mm WLP MAX8893A/MAX8893B/MAX8893C
µPMICs for Multimedia Application Processors in a 3.0mm x 2.5mm WLP MAX8893A/MAX8893B/MAX8893C

... converter, five low-dropout linear regulators (LDOs) with programmable output voltages, individual power-on/ off control inputs, a load switch, and a USB high-speed switch. These devices maintain high efficiency with a low no-load supply current, and the small 3.0mm x 2.5mm WLP package makes them id ...
Aalborg Universitet Sun, Libing
Aalborg Universitet Sun, Libing

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AP7313

... Mobile Communications (GSM) have a transmit/receive duty factor of only 12.5 percent, enabling power savings by putting much of the baseband circuitry into standby mode in between transmit cycles. In baseband circuits, the load often transitions virtually instantaneously from 100µA to 100mA. To meet ...
MAX77231 2.75V to 4.8V Input, 10mA Output, 35µVRMS Ultra
MAX77231 2.75V to 4.8V Input, 10mA Output, 35µVRMS Ultra

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ABB drives in chemical, oil and gas

... Converter transformers are available for nearly all ratings and primary voltages of more than 100 kV. Secondary voltages are optimized to match the converter and motor voltage. Oil or dry types for indoor or outdoor mounting are available. Transformers with a fourth winding for connecting harmonic f ...
LME49610 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
LME49610 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

Using the TPS40170EVM-578 Evaluation Module
Using the TPS40170EVM-578 Evaluation Module

... header and shunt. Installing a shunt in J3 in the Master position connects the M/S (master/slave) pin to VIN and programs the Master synchronization mode. The TPS40170 controller outputs a 50% duty cycle 3.3V SYNC signal to the SYNC I/O connector (J4). The rising edge of the SYNC signal is synchroni ...
Question Bank - Saraswathi Velu College of Engineering
Question Bank - Saraswathi Velu College of Engineering

... 7. If the rise time of BJT is 35nS, what is the bandwidth that can be obtained using this BJT? 8. For an amplifier, mid band gain is 100 & lower cutoff frequency is 20KHz. Find the gain of an amplifier at frequency 20Hz. 9. For an amplifier, 3dB gain is 200 & higher cutoff frequency is 20KHz. Find t ...
LTC4444-5 - Linear Technology
LTC4444-5 - Linear Technology

... will rise to VIN very rapidly. This high frequency positive voltage transient will couple through the CGD capacitance of the low side power MOSFET to the BG pin. If there is an insufficient pull-down on the BG pin, the voltage on the BG pin can rise above the threshold voltage of the low side power ...
SN74CBTD3306C 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
SN74CBTD3306C 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... VIN and IIN refer to control inputs. VI, VO, II, and IO refer to data pins. † All typical values are at VCC = 5 V (unless otherwise noted), TA = 25°C. ‡ For I/O ports, the parameter IOZ includes the input leakage current. § This is the increase in supply current for each input that is at the specifi ...
Phasor Measurement (Estimation) Units
Phasor Measurement (Estimation) Units

... control center functions and provide new functionalities. •  Phasor measurement data with GPS signal can provide synchronized voltage and current phasor measurements across a wide region •  By measuring the phase directly, the power transfer between buses can be computed directly •  High sampling ra ...
Digilent Nexys2 Board Reference Manual
Digilent Nexys2 Board Reference Manual

... A scanning display controller circuit can be used to show a four-digit number on this display. This circuit drives the anode signals and corresponding cathode patterns of each digit in a repeating, continuous succession, at an update rate that is faster than the human eye can detect. Each digit is i ...
Typical Power Supply Diagram
Typical Power Supply Diagram

... We have seen that the ripple content in the rectified output of half wave rectifier is 121% or that of full-wave or bridge rectifier or bridge rectifier is 48% such high percentages of ripples is not acceptable for most of the applications. Ripples can be removed by one of the following methods of f ...
- University of Bolton Institutional Repository (UBIR)
- University of Bolton Institutional Repository (UBIR)

... of requiring no power supplies. All energy into and out of the gate is through the signal lines. The power dissipation characteristics of this family of reversible logic gates and ...
DE23640646
DE23640646

... threshold voltage for achieving high performance and low dynamic power dissipation has largely contributed to the increase in leakage power dissipation. We have presented an efficient design methodology for reducing the leakage power in CMOS inverter circuit. Implications of technology scaling on th ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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