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OPA336 OPA2336 OPA4336 SINGLE-SUPPLY,
OPA336 OPA2336 OPA4336 SINGLE-SUPPLY,

... Exposure to absolute maximum conditions for extended periods may degrade device reliability. These are stress ratings only. Functional operation of the device at these conditions, or beyond the specified operating conditions, is not implied. (2) Input terminals are diode-clamped to the power supply ...
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... 2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user. B. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failur ...
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256-Position, Ultralow Power 1.8 V Logic
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... The AD5165 provides a compact 2.9 mm × 2.8 mm packaged solution for 256-position adjustment applications. These devices perform the same electronic adjustment function as mechanical potentiometers or variable resistors, with enhanced resolution, solid-state reliability, and superior low temperature ...
256-Position, Ultralow Power 1.8 V Logic-Level Digital Potentiometer AD5165
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... NOTICE: The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Users should warrant and guarantee that third party Intellectual Property rights are not infringed upon when integrating MPS products into any application. MPS will not assume any legal responsibility for any said applicat ...
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... 1. are intended to implant into the body, or 2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user. B. A critical component is any component in ...
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... For locos WITHOUT flywheels, they would stop as soon as the decoder lost power. With a multimeter selected to “Diode Test” I found “conductivity” in only ONE direction between the Blue wire and Red capacitor wire. This is represented by a large Black Diode in my schematics of a Tsunami decoder. This ...
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... The posting of documents on this Web site is done for the convenience of market participants and other interested visitors to the IESO Web site. Please be advised that, while the IESO attempts to have all posted documents conform to the original, changes can result from the original, including chang ...
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... cycle before the gated cycle. This leads to using the fewest registers necessary for generation of LCB activation signals and the least AC power for clock-gating control logic. Figure 7 shows the clock-gating control generation timing diagram. In our SPE microarchitecture implementation, the registe ...
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... has no other connection to the power supply other than through the output tubes. Thus, if the chain (the electrical circuit) is broken at any point, the current ceases to flow. For example, imagine removing one output tube while the amplifier is in use. Furthermore, since there is but one current pa ...
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... The Ocarina and Castanet series of servo-amplifiers was designed to deliver “the highest possible power density”. The Ocarina can deliver up to 1.4 kW of continuous power or 2.8 kW of peak power in a matchbox size (2.25 in³ or 38cc) package. The Castanet delivers up to 240 W of continuous power or 4 ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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