(HIV) in pregnancy: a review of the guidelines for preventing mother
... during the onset of labour has been adopted by WHO in many resource limited settings. Its long half-life contributes to the development of resistance seen after nevirapine monotherapy which can impact on the response of subsequent NNRTI containing HAART.21,22 Adding zidovudine (AZT) and lamivudine ( ...
... during the onset of labour has been adopted by WHO in many resource limited settings. Its long half-life contributes to the development of resistance seen after nevirapine monotherapy which can impact on the response of subsequent NNRTI containing HAART.21,22 Adding zidovudine (AZT) and lamivudine ( ...
313-1A (1)
... 2.2.2. Angiotensin II Antagonists Inhibition of Angiotensin II to produce a vasoconstrictor effect can be achieved by administration of competitive antagonists such as Saralasin. The newly introduced class of hypotensive drugs known as Sartans. Cl ...
... 2.2.2. Angiotensin II Antagonists Inhibition of Angiotensin II to produce a vasoconstrictor effect can be achieved by administration of competitive antagonists such as Saralasin. The newly introduced class of hypotensive drugs known as Sartans. Cl ...
An Update on New HIV Antiretroviral Agents
... All deaths in the ETR group were considered not or doubtfully related to trial medication. One death in the pooled placebo group was considered possibly related to the background regimen (BR); AE = adverse event; ETR = etravirine Richard Haubrich et al. CROI 2008; abstract 790. Reprinted with permis ...
... All deaths in the ETR group were considered not or doubtfully related to trial medication. One death in the pooled placebo group was considered possibly related to the background regimen (BR); AE = adverse event; ETR = etravirine Richard Haubrich et al. CROI 2008; abstract 790. Reprinted with permis ...
Lecture 10a
... It was known to reduce fever (Hippocrates, 5th century BC) It was isolated from the bark of willow trees Problem: It causes nausea and vomiting ...
... It was known to reduce fever (Hippocrates, 5th century BC) It was isolated from the bark of willow trees Problem: It causes nausea and vomiting ...
Molecular and Pharmacological Review of Cannabimimetics factsheet
... to date13. CB1 receptors are widely distributed in the human body14 but with a high density in the central nervous system (CNS). The central CB1 receptor is associated with psychotropic effects including hallucinations euphoria sedation and cognitive dysfunction. The CB2 receptor is almost exclusive ...
... to date13. CB1 receptors are widely distributed in the human body14 but with a high density in the central nervous system (CNS). The central CB1 receptor is associated with psychotropic effects including hallucinations euphoria sedation and cognitive dysfunction. The CB2 receptor is almost exclusive ...
TREATMENT bulletin . 4 - HIV i-Base
... inhibitors that were detectable in 19% of mothers and 46% of the 16% of infants infected despite nevirapine prophylaxis. Given the 6-week absence of nevirapine exposure (and therefore of selective pressure favouring replication of resistant virus), the reported resistance underestimates the true rat ...
... inhibitors that were detectable in 19% of mothers and 46% of the 16% of infants infected despite nevirapine prophylaxis. Given the 6-week absence of nevirapine exposure (and therefore of selective pressure favouring replication of resistant virus), the reported resistance underestimates the true rat ...
penicillins
... 2) substitute for penicillin in prophylaxis of rheumatic fever 3) prophylaxis against susceptible meningococcal strains, in ulcerative colitis (as sulfasalazine), in burns (as silver sulfadiazine or mafenide), in chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum infection, and in combination with trimetho ...
... 2) substitute for penicillin in prophylaxis of rheumatic fever 3) prophylaxis against susceptible meningococcal strains, in ulcerative colitis (as sulfasalazine), in burns (as silver sulfadiazine or mafenide), in chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum infection, and in combination with trimetho ...
Welcome to Week 6 Chapter 10 - Lead Discovery 10.1 In Vitro
... short Schoolhouse Rock cartoons taught about topics like grammar and history. One particular cartoon was called I'm Just a Bill and followed a congressional bill through the long and winding approval process of becoming a federal law. Only after significant modification and editing can a bill b ...
... short Schoolhouse Rock cartoons taught about topics like grammar and history. One particular cartoon was called I'm Just a Bill and followed a congressional bill through the long and winding approval process of becoming a federal law. Only after significant modification and editing can a bill b ...
A guide to drug discovery — opinion: Finding the sweet spot: the
... Box 1 | The drug discovery ‘sweet spot’ defined in the molecular mass–logP space A key challenge in medicinal chemistry can be illustrated by highlighting the ‘sweet spot’ in the chemical space defined by the two key (although not fully independent) physicochemical properties: molecular mass and cLo ...
... Box 1 | The drug discovery ‘sweet spot’ defined in the molecular mass–logP space A key challenge in medicinal chemistry can be illustrated by highlighting the ‘sweet spot’ in the chemical space defined by the two key (although not fully independent) physicochemical properties: molecular mass and cLo ...
Role of Biopathways- Drug Repositioning and Determining side
... Finding Secondary Binding Sites for Major Pharmaceuticals • Scan known binding sites for major pharmaceuticals bound to their receptors against the human and other “druggable” proteomes • Try and correlate strong hits with known data from the literature, databases, clinical trials etc. and now path ...
... Finding Secondary Binding Sites for Major Pharmaceuticals • Scan known binding sites for major pharmaceuticals bound to their receptors against the human and other “druggable” proteomes • Try and correlate strong hits with known data from the literature, databases, clinical trials etc. and now path ...
Receptor-based virtual screening solution. SELENE is a
... physicochemical properties during the fitting of a molecule into the pocket, resulting in the simulation of a molecular interaction. SELENE can treat the molecules and the target as flexible. SELENE yields a list of ranked compounds according to the binding free energy of each compound with the ...
... physicochemical properties during the fitting of a molecule into the pocket, resulting in the simulation of a molecular interaction. SELENE can treat the molecules and the target as flexible. SELENE yields a list of ranked compounds according to the binding free energy of each compound with the ...
“Strategies for the Discovery of Novel Anti-Infective Agents”
... Strategies for the Discovery of Novel Antiinfective Agents ...
... Strategies for the Discovery of Novel Antiinfective Agents ...
ccr5 antagonists in the treatment of treatment
... infection. This is the first medication belonging to the new class of CCR5 antagonists, and the first approval of an oraly available drug in a new class since 1996. Yet another new class, the integrase inhibitors, are available in expanded access programs and are likely to become approved in 2007. T ...
... infection. This is the first medication belonging to the new class of CCR5 antagonists, and the first approval of an oraly available drug in a new class since 1996. Yet another new class, the integrase inhibitors, are available in expanded access programs and are likely to become approved in 2007. T ...
Nelfinavir mesylate - WHO archives
... were given triple combination antiretroviral therapy (2 nucleoside analogues + 1 protease inhibitor). After 18 months of treatment, participants gained a median of 180 CD4+ cells and showed a median drop in plasma viral load of 2.8 log10 copies/ml. During the study period, there were 7 clinical AIDS ...
... were given triple combination antiretroviral therapy (2 nucleoside analogues + 1 protease inhibitor). After 18 months of treatment, participants gained a median of 180 CD4+ cells and showed a median drop in plasma viral load of 2.8 log10 copies/ml. During the study period, there were 7 clinical AIDS ...
Fluoroquinolone resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis strains
... Methods: A total of 216 first-line Drug Susceptibility Testing (DST) pre-tested MTB strains were used including 78 resistant to one or more drugs, and randomly selected 138 susceptible to all four drugs. Of the 78 resistant strains, 25 were MDR-TB. The strains were subjected to drug susceptibility t ...
... Methods: A total of 216 first-line Drug Susceptibility Testing (DST) pre-tested MTB strains were used including 78 resistant to one or more drugs, and randomly selected 138 susceptible to all four drugs. Of the 78 resistant strains, 25 were MDR-TB. The strains were subjected to drug susceptibility t ...
Anti-tuberculous drugs
... • Taken 30 min before the breakfast as absorption of rifampicin is influenced by food ...
... • Taken 30 min before the breakfast as absorption of rifampicin is influenced by food ...
Perlast
... Perlast ® – in a class of its own For some applications there is no alternative to a perfluoroelastomer (FFKM/FFPM). In these cases it is good to know that you can trust in the extraordinary Perlast® compound from COG. As a state-of-the-art product Perlast® combines the chemical and thermal resistan ...
... Perlast ® – in a class of its own For some applications there is no alternative to a perfluoroelastomer (FFKM/FFPM). In these cases it is good to know that you can trust in the extraordinary Perlast® compound from COG. As a state-of-the-art product Perlast® combines the chemical and thermal resistan ...
SuperTarget goes quantitative: update on drug–target interactions
... targets related to about 7000 compounds, including 1500 FDA-approved drugs. Another notable database is the Therapeutic Target Database (TTD) (5), which holds target information on approximately 2000 classified targets linked to 5000 compounds, including 1500 approved drugs. Surprisingly, the overlap ...
... targets related to about 7000 compounds, including 1500 FDA-approved drugs. Another notable database is the Therapeutic Target Database (TTD) (5), which holds target information on approximately 2000 classified targets linked to 5000 compounds, including 1500 approved drugs. Surprisingly, the overlap ...
View Full Text-PDF
... The purpose of this study was to explore the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of some synthesized 2-substituted acetamido-5-aryl-1,3,4-thiadiazoles (sixteen compounds). Analgesic activity was determined by using hot wire analgesiometer. The in-vivo anti-inflammatory effects of the thiadiazol ...
... The purpose of this study was to explore the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of some synthesized 2-substituted acetamido-5-aryl-1,3,4-thiadiazoles (sixteen compounds). Analgesic activity was determined by using hot wire analgesiometer. The in-vivo anti-inflammatory effects of the thiadiazol ...
Structure-based development of target
... docked into putative binding sites in the search for leads with improved potency [30]. Docking, followed by detailed analysis of the ligand in the binding pocket and the subsequent design of a library based on this pose, can lead to the development of an enriched library of binders. Wu et al. [32] h ...
... docked into putative binding sites in the search for leads with improved potency [30]. Docking, followed by detailed analysis of the ligand in the binding pocket and the subsequent design of a library based on this pose, can lead to the development of an enriched library of binders. Wu et al. [32] h ...
New drug development and approval process
... The initial bioassays may be performed in vitro using cell cultures to test the new agent’s effect against enzyme systems or tumor cells, whereas subsequent bioassays may be performed in vivo and may use more expensive and disease specific animal models. Newer methods, such as high-throughput sc ...
... The initial bioassays may be performed in vitro using cell cultures to test the new agent’s effect against enzyme systems or tumor cells, whereas subsequent bioassays may be performed in vivo and may use more expensive and disease specific animal models. Newer methods, such as high-throughput sc ...
Novel Antimicrobial Agents
... antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria (MIC ~ mol) and remarkably low toxicity to mammalian cells. Some compounds are also active against Gram negative bacteria but are less potent. The key strategy in developing these compounds was to increase the hydrophobic content of the minor g ...
... antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria (MIC ~ mol) and remarkably low toxicity to mammalian cells. Some compounds are also active against Gram negative bacteria but are less potent. The key strategy in developing these compounds was to increase the hydrophobic content of the minor g ...
Zidovudine - Practical Diabetes
... zidovudine examined its effects as a monotherapy. These were later followed by trials assessing its effects in combination with other drugs, with combination ART now being standard. A double-blind, randomised controlled trial (published in 1990) followed on from the initial Phase II ...
... zidovudine examined its effects as a monotherapy. These were later followed by trials assessing its effects in combination with other drugs, with combination ART now being standard. A double-blind, randomised controlled trial (published in 1990) followed on from the initial Phase II ...
Oral contraceptives: 50 years ago introduction of Enovid
... Phenytoin and OCs • Remember I said phenytoin will induce CYP3A4, but OCs increase levels of phenytoin through CYP2C19 inhibition- thus the strategy of increasing OC dosage to overcome phenytoin induction will lead to ...
... Phenytoin and OCs • Remember I said phenytoin will induce CYP3A4, but OCs increase levels of phenytoin through CYP2C19 inhibition- thus the strategy of increasing OC dosage to overcome phenytoin induction will lead to ...
Phytochemistry 1
... Hyperforin is now thought to be the main active factor in St. John’s Wort that has beneficial effects on anxiety and depression. Hyperforin has strong reuptake inhibitor effects on all four of the mood neurochemicals (serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine and GABA). It is also believed that Hyperforin ...
... Hyperforin is now thought to be the main active factor in St. John’s Wort that has beneficial effects on anxiety and depression. Hyperforin has strong reuptake inhibitor effects on all four of the mood neurochemicals (serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine and GABA). It is also believed that Hyperforin ...
Discovery and development of non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors
Non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are antiretroviral drugs used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). NNRTIs inhibit reverse transcriptase (RT), an enzyme that controls the replication of the genetic material of HIV. RT is one of the most popular targets in the field of antiretroviral drug development.Discovery and development of NNRTIs began in the late 1980s and in the end of 2009 four NNRTI had been approved by regulatory authorities and several others were undergoing clinical development. Drug resistance develops quickly if NNRTIs are administered as monotherapy and therefore NNRTIs are always given as part of combination therapy, the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).