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... medicine (which drug and at what dosage), esp. for long term application of certain drugs (hypertension, analgesics, anti-psychotics) and those that possess a narrow ...
Chapter 16 Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Chapter 16 Cholinesterase Inhibitors

... Differ from the NRTIs in structure and mechanism of action NNRTIs bind to the active center of reverse transcriptase and cause direct inhibition Active as they are administered See Table 93-4 ...
Chapter 16 Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Chapter 16 Cholinesterase Inhibitors

... Differ from the NRTIs in structure and mechanism of action NNRTIs bind to the active center of reverse transcriptase and cause direct inhibition Active as they are administered See Table 93-4 ...
4.Geetha T. S and Geetha N - International Journal of Pharmacy and
4.Geetha T. S and Geetha N - International Journal of Pharmacy and

... effects. Whereas synthetic drugs and antibiotics often cause wide spread toxicity and harmful side effects to the end user other than targeted health condition pathogen carrier. Compounds isolated from plants are safer and have a lot of potential than the chemical drugs(1). In search of novel active ...
Lorem Ipsum - HIV Care Management Initiative
Lorem Ipsum - HIV Care Management Initiative

... 17/20 completed combined standard TB therapy and ART TB was cured in 17/19 (89%) patients with drugsusceptible TB and 17/20 (85%) enrolled patients 15/17 (88%) who completed TB therapy and ART achieved VL < 50 copies/ml and CD4+ T cell increase of 148 cells/µL CASE 1 #21 ...
Histamine and Antihistaminic Agents
Histamine and Antihistaminic Agents

... The term antihistamine historically has referred to drugs that antagonize the actions of histamine at H1-receptors rather than H2-receptors. The development of antihistamine drugs began more than 5 decades ago with the discovery that piperoxan was able to protect animals from the bronchial spasm ind ...
Penicillins
Penicillins

... II. lipopeptide antibiotic(环脂肽类) Daptomycin(达托霉素) ...
Distribution of drugs
Distribution of drugs

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Nat Rev Drug Discov 2006 5 993
Nat Rev Drug Discov 2006 5 993

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The lead compound

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From fragment to clinical candidate—a historical perspective
From fragment to clinical candidate—a historical perspective

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Lewis 2013
Lewis 2013

... was approved (see below), the last class of narrowspectrum antibiotics (acting against a specific target) to be discovered were the streptogramins (in 1964), but these compounds were only introduced to the clinic ~30 years later. By the 1990s, it became clear that our victory over bacterial pathogen ...
Saquinavir/low dose ritonavir - WHO archives
Saquinavir/low dose ritonavir - WHO archives

... Application for Inclusion of saquinavir/low dose ritonavir (SQV/ r) combination on WHO Model List of Essential Medicines Drugs are members of the therapeutic class of HIV protease inhibitors Summary of Proposal Since the first clinical evidence of AIDS was reported over twenty years ago, an estimate ...
Modern Methods in Drug Discovery WS06/07
Modern Methods in Drug Discovery WS06/07

... medicine (which drug and at what dosage), esp. for long term application of certain drugs (hypertension, analgesics, anti-psychotics) and those that possess a narrow ...
treatmentexperienced.. - University of Washington
treatmentexperienced.. - University of Washington

... combinations ATV/r and LPV/r are the preferred boosted PI options • Same options for HIV/TB (dropping SQV) and HIV/HBV ...
May 2015 ToxTidbits - Maryland Poison Center
May 2015 ToxTidbits - Maryland Poison Center

... thought to have mul ple  mes the receptor affinity and longer half-lives compared to THC. The CB1 receptor is predominant throughout the CNS and causes the majority of psychoac ve effects of synthe c cannabinoids. CB1 receptors are located presynap cally on both glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses, su ...
vitekta - Gilead
vitekta - Gilead

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Biomedical aspects of chiral molecules
Biomedical aspects of chiral molecules

... means hand. Just like a hands, chiral molecules are not possible to match by a shift in the surface. Chiral molecules are mutually as an object and its mirror image (Fig. 1). Such space isomers are known as enantiomers. A synonym is antipodes. ...
Rapid Identification of New Psychoactive Substances by
Rapid Identification of New Psychoactive Substances by

... - Amphetamines eg ICE & Ecstacy, are the most commonly trafficked fully synthetic drugs, but there is an increasing trend towards other so-called ‘designer drugs’. - Typically, analogues are of prohibited psychoactive drugs; structural changes are aimed at circumventing legal controls whilst retaini ...
epanova
epanova

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Antiretroviral Use for Prevention and Other Factors - IAS-USA
Antiretroviral Use for Prevention and Other Factors - IAS-USA

... that 3 studies of oral tenofovir/emtricitabine (iPrEx, Partners PrEP, and TDF2 [FHI TDF West African trial]) and one of vaginal tenofovir gel (CAPRISA [Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa] 004) have demonstrated efficacy in preventing HIV infection in MSM and heterosexuals, and ...
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4-Antimalarial drugs..

... Mechanism of resistance  The development of resistance is thought to be a spontaneous gene mutation leading to enhanced drug efflux thus leading to rapid removal of the drug from the organism and hence reduce the effectiveness of the drugs  Rapid metabolism of the antimalarial by resistant strain ...
Vaginitis Presentation
Vaginitis Presentation

... is effective against dermatophytes but yeast-like fugi are less susceptible. Tinea capitis (ringworm of the scalp) Tinea cruris (ringworm of the high) Tinea corporis (ringworm of the body( ...
the role of the medicinal chemist in drug discovery — then and now
the role of the medicinal chemist in drug discovery — then and now

... compound in vitro, then finding a related compound with in vivo activity in an appropriate animal model, followed by maximizing this activity through the preparation of analogous structures, and finally selecting one compound as the drug development candidate. This drug candidate then undergoes toxi ...
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Discovery and development of non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors



Non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are antiretroviral drugs used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). NNRTIs inhibit reverse transcriptase (RT), an enzyme that controls the replication of the genetic material of HIV. RT is one of the most popular targets in the field of antiretroviral drug development.Discovery and development of NNRTIs began in the late 1980s and in the end of 2009 four NNRTI had been approved by regulatory authorities and several others were undergoing clinical development. Drug resistance develops quickly if NNRTIs are administered as monotherapy and therefore NNRTIs are always given as part of combination therapy, the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
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