Unit B: Understanding Energy Conversion Technologies
... Later, his evidence helped develop the _________________________________. The concept of heat is commonplace; what causes heat is fairly abstract. Technically, heat is defined as the ______________________________________ ____________ and is identified by a difference in ______________________ ...
... Later, his evidence helped develop the _________________________________. The concept of heat is commonplace; what causes heat is fairly abstract. Technically, heat is defined as the ______________________________________ ____________ and is identified by a difference in ______________________ ...
United States Patent 6,964,168 Pierson , et al. November 15, 2005
... the working fluid is converted to a vapor via heat transfer from the heat contained in said fluid extracted from said intermediate stage of compression; at least one turbine adapted to receive said vapor and to drive at least one compressor of a refrigeration system to thereby produce refrigeration ...
... the working fluid is converted to a vapor via heat transfer from the heat contained in said fluid extracted from said intermediate stage of compression; at least one turbine adapted to receive said vapor and to drive at least one compressor of a refrigeration system to thereby produce refrigeration ...
SUPAPAC Plate Heat Exchangers
... A BHE can be mounted in any position providing that consideration is given to draining the exchanger. Smaller units can be mounted using a bracket around the exchanger. Larger units are supplied with fixed stud bolts. It is important not to stress the connections of a BHE. All pipework should be com ...
... A BHE can be mounted in any position providing that consideration is given to draining the exchanger. Smaller units can be mounted using a bracket around the exchanger. Larger units are supplied with fixed stud bolts. It is important not to stress the connections of a BHE. All pipework should be com ...
Folie 1
... Because the virial coefficients depend on the temperature (see table above), there may be a temperature at which Z1 with zero slope at low pressure p or high molar volume v. At this temperature, which is called the Boyle temperature, TB, the properties of a real gas coinicide with those of a perfec ...
... Because the virial coefficients depend on the temperature (see table above), there may be a temperature at which Z1 with zero slope at low pressure p or high molar volume v. At this temperature, which is called the Boyle temperature, TB, the properties of a real gas coinicide with those of a perfec ...
Heat Pumps and Refrigerators
... to run the heat pump. When you burn fuel to keep warm, you pay for all of it. The disadvantage is that the work input (required by the second law of thermodynamics) is sometimes more expensive than simply burning fuel, especially if the work is done by electrical energy. The basic components of a he ...
... to run the heat pump. When you burn fuel to keep warm, you pay for all of it. The disadvantage is that the work input (required by the second law of thermodynamics) is sometimes more expensive than simply burning fuel, especially if the work is done by electrical energy. The basic components of a he ...
Determination of the Vapor Pressure of Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP)
... over the temperature range 12 to 60oC. As a check on the experimental method, TNT vapor pressure was likewise computed. Values for TNT are in excellent agreement with previous published ones. For TATP the vapor pressure was found to be ~0.05 mm Hg at ambient conditions. This value translates to a fa ...
... over the temperature range 12 to 60oC. As a check on the experimental method, TNT vapor pressure was likewise computed. Values for TNT are in excellent agreement with previous published ones. For TATP the vapor pressure was found to be ~0.05 mm Hg at ambient conditions. This value translates to a fa ...
Investigation on Numerical Modeling of Water Vapour Condensation
... Moreover, the presence of even a small quantity of non-condensable gas significantly affects the heat transfer resistance in the region of the vapour-liquid interface. Experimental studies show that the non-condensable gases existence in the mixture has an unfavorable consequence on condensation pro ...
... Moreover, the presence of even a small quantity of non-condensable gas significantly affects the heat transfer resistance in the region of the vapour-liquid interface. Experimental studies show that the non-condensable gases existence in the mixture has an unfavorable consequence on condensation pro ...
Chapter 10: Vapor and Combined Power Cycles
... Deviation from Actual Cycles •Piping losses--frictional effects reduce the available energy content of the steam. •Turbine losses--turbine isentropic (or adiabatic) efficiency. ...
... Deviation from Actual Cycles •Piping losses--frictional effects reduce the available energy content of the steam. •Turbine losses--turbine isentropic (or adiabatic) efficiency. ...
Indiana University - Purdue University Fort Wayne Department of Engineering ENGR 411
... from freezing. A thermostatic expansion valve was chosen to be implemented into the design. To avoid freezing the evaporator outlet temperature was chosen to be 8°C and the cooling load was chosen to be 1.5 kW. From these specifications, the thermostatic valve that will be used is the TEA 20-1. A de ...
... from freezing. A thermostatic expansion valve was chosen to be implemented into the design. To avoid freezing the evaporator outlet temperature was chosen to be 8°C and the cooling load was chosen to be 1.5 kW. From these specifications, the thermostatic valve that will be used is the TEA 20-1. A de ...
Heat Effects - Association of Chemical Engineering Students
... example, the manufacture of ethylene glycol (an antifreeze agent) by the oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide and its subsequent hydration to glycol. The catalytic oxidation reaction is most effective when carried out at temperatures near 523.15 K (250°C). The reactants, ethylene and air, are the ...
... example, the manufacture of ethylene glycol (an antifreeze agent) by the oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide and its subsequent hydration to glycol. The catalytic oxidation reaction is most effective when carried out at temperatures near 523.15 K (250°C). The reactants, ethylene and air, are the ...
Thermochemistry
... Exothermic and Endothermic Thermochemistry is concerned with the flow of heat between a chemical system (reaction) and its surroundings. A system is the specific part of the universe on which you focus your attention. The surroundings include everything outside the system. The system and the ...
... Exothermic and Endothermic Thermochemistry is concerned with the flow of heat between a chemical system (reaction) and its surroundings. A system is the specific part of the universe on which you focus your attention. The surroundings include everything outside the system. The system and the ...
Heat demand for a building
... Usually the hot domestic water (HDW) is heated in one place for the whole building (a centralized heating and distribution system) ...
... Usually the hot domestic water (HDW) is heated in one place for the whole building (a centralized heating and distribution system) ...
Chapter 10: Vapor and Combined Power Cycles
... Deviation from Actual Cycles •Piping losses--frictional effects reduce the available energy content of the steam. •Turbine losses--turbine isentropic (or adiabatic) efficiency. ...
... Deviation from Actual Cycles •Piping losses--frictional effects reduce the available energy content of the steam. •Turbine losses--turbine isentropic (or adiabatic) efficiency. ...
972649 Quasi-Isothermal Expansion Engines for Liquid Nitrogen
... University of Washington as an alternative to electrochemical batteries for zero-emission vehicles (ZEV). It is anticipated that the use of an inert cryogen, such as liquid nitrogen (LN2), as an energy storage medium would not pose any environmental burden, and in particular would avoid the issues o ...
... University of Washington as an alternative to electrochemical batteries for zero-emission vehicles (ZEV). It is anticipated that the use of an inert cryogen, such as liquid nitrogen (LN2), as an energy storage medium would not pose any environmental burden, and in particular would avoid the issues o ...
First Progress Report.pdf
... TE modules onto personal computer microprocessors and operating the computers over various levels of processing. For electrical power generation, a TE module was able to generate a small amount of power in microwatts. Automobile manufacturers have also investigated the use of TE devices for waste he ...
... TE modules onto personal computer microprocessors and operating the computers over various levels of processing. For electrical power generation, a TE module was able to generate a small amount of power in microwatts. Automobile manufacturers have also investigated the use of TE devices for waste he ...
Mean evaporation and condensation coefficients based on energy
... distribution functions at the interface to compute and discuss expressions for j and Q. Our expressions turn out to be more general than expressions normally obtained from kinetic theory, but reduce to classical models—e.g., the classical Hertz-Knudsen expressions [5,6] or the Schrage correction [1] ...
... distribution functions at the interface to compute and discuss expressions for j and Q. Our expressions turn out to be more general than expressions normally obtained from kinetic theory, but reduce to classical models—e.g., the classical Hertz-Knudsen expressions [5,6] or the Schrage correction [1] ...
J154
... consumption of the data centers has accounted for 1% of total electricity consumption. Of this usage, the energy consumption by the electronic components of the IT made up about 50%, and cooling systems about 40%, while the remaining 10% (including humidifier equipment, lighting equipment, power sys ...
... consumption of the data centers has accounted for 1% of total electricity consumption. Of this usage, the energy consumption by the electronic components of the IT made up about 50%, and cooling systems about 40%, while the remaining 10% (including humidifier equipment, lighting equipment, power sys ...
Opportunities for low-grade heat recovery in the UK food processing
... then be used to heat the evaporator contents Food/beverages industry runs a lot of evaporation and distillation processes (concentration of fruit juices, brewing, distilleries etc) COP in the region of 10 are commonly reported. This may lead to small pay-back periods Common in whiskey distilleries i ...
... then be used to heat the evaporator contents Food/beverages industry runs a lot of evaporation and distillation processes (concentration of fruit juices, brewing, distilleries etc) COP in the region of 10 are commonly reported. This may lead to small pay-back periods Common in whiskey distilleries i ...
Numerical Analysis of Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of
... undergo a significant, which is almost vertical within a very narrow temperature range while the enthalpy undergoes a sharp increase near the critical point [2]. As the temperature of supercritical CO2 was increased in near-critical region, the pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient are increas ...
... undergo a significant, which is almost vertical within a very narrow temperature range while the enthalpy undergoes a sharp increase near the critical point [2]. As the temperature of supercritical CO2 was increased in near-critical region, the pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient are increas ...
Challenger Center Cooling Tower
... cooling the water once again. Refrigerant is then cooled by air flow which is measured during this experiment. The cooling and warming effects between the air, water, and refrigerant demonstrate principles in heat exchange. The purpose of this experiment was to determine a total energy balance for t ...
... cooling the water once again. Refrigerant is then cooled by air flow which is measured during this experiment. The cooling and warming effects between the air, water, and refrigerant demonstrate principles in heat exchange. The purpose of this experiment was to determine a total energy balance for t ...
Condensed Phase Ethanol Conversion to Higher Alcohols Tyler L
... and Schwartzentruber--Renon (SR-Polar) equations of state were chosen for initial model screening. These equations of state are known for accurate prediction of vapor pressures because they incorporate the acentric (ω) factor with the critical point (Tc, Pc).2 For the PRWS, three alpha functions wer ...
... and Schwartzentruber--Renon (SR-Polar) equations of state were chosen for initial model screening. These equations of state are known for accurate prediction of vapor pressures because they incorporate the acentric (ω) factor with the critical point (Tc, Pc).2 For the PRWS, three alpha functions wer ...
HEAT TRANSFER_012110043920_1
... vertically in still air at a temperature of 20oC. Neglecting radiation or making suitable assumption. Calculate time required for the plate to cool at 330oC. 17) Explain in brief Heat Pipe. 18) The outer surface of a vertical is tube which is of length 1.25 m and outer diameter 50 mm is exposed to s ...
... vertically in still air at a temperature of 20oC. Neglecting radiation or making suitable assumption. Calculate time required for the plate to cool at 330oC. 17) Explain in brief Heat Pipe. 18) The outer surface of a vertical is tube which is of length 1.25 m and outer diameter 50 mm is exposed to s ...
Word Document
... are usually made of a metal with high thermal conductivity such as aluminum or copper, and incorporate fins to increase surface area. Heat from a relatively small component is transferred to the larger heat sink; the equilibrium temperature of the component plus heat sink is much lower than the comp ...
... are usually made of a metal with high thermal conductivity such as aluminum or copper, and incorporate fins to increase surface area. Heat from a relatively small component is transferred to the larger heat sink; the equilibrium temperature of the component plus heat sink is much lower than the comp ...
Methods of Increasing Net Work Output of Organic - Purdue e-Pubs
... heat as possible into work. An organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is particularly well-suited to waste heat recovery because of its compactness relative to a steam Rankine cycle at typical waste heat temperatures. For a single-phase (sensible) waste heat stream with a finite capacity, maximization of therm ...
... heat as possible into work. An organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is particularly well-suited to waste heat recovery because of its compactness relative to a steam Rankine cycle at typical waste heat temperatures. For a single-phase (sensible) waste heat stream with a finite capacity, maximization of therm ...
An introduction to cryogenics
... give a very brief summary here. a. Pumped helium-4 systems Helium-4 boils at 4.2 K at one atmosphere, but like any gas, the boiling point will reduce as the pressure is reduced. Therefore, by pumping on the liquid we can reach a temperature of about 1 K (below this the vapour pressure become too sma ...
... give a very brief summary here. a. Pumped helium-4 systems Helium-4 boils at 4.2 K at one atmosphere, but like any gas, the boiling point will reduce as the pressure is reduced. Therefore, by pumping on the liquid we can reach a temperature of about 1 K (below this the vapour pressure become too sma ...
Vapor-compression refrigeration
Vapor-compression refrigeration, in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for air-conditioning of buildings and automobiles. It is also used in domestic and commercial refrigerators, large-scale warehouses for chilled or frozen storage of foods and meats, refrigerated trucks and railroad cars, and a host of other commercial and industrial services. Oil refineries, petrochemical and chemical processing plants, and natural gas processing plants are among the many types of industrial plants that often utilize large vapor-compression refrigeration systems.Refrigeration may be defined as lowering the temperature of an enclosed space by removing heat from that space and transferring it elsewhere. A device that performs this function may also be called an air conditioner, refrigerator, air source heat pump, geothermal heat pump or chiller (heat pump).