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Regulation of the C. elegans molt by pqn-47
Regulation of the C. elegans molt by pqn-47

... et al., 2001). Even though non-parasitic nematodes have not been observed to respond to exogenous ecdysone, it is known that cholesterol is required for molting in C. elegans (Entchev and Kurzchalia, 2005; Martin et al., 2010), suggesting that steroid hormones could be ligands for receptors involved ...
Leukaemia Section 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS, eight p11 myeloproliferative syndrome)
Leukaemia Section 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS, eight p11 myeloproliferative syndrome)

... This translocation was described in 1983 but molecularly characterized by Guasch et al. in 2000 (Guasch et al., 2000). This translocation has been reported in more than ten cases until date (Mozziconazzi et al., 2008; Jackson et al., 2010) and the MPD caused by this aberration transforms rapidly and ...
A complete shikimate pathway in Toxoplasma gondii: an ancient
A complete shikimate pathway in Toxoplasma gondii: an ancient

... these areas could form exposed surface loops. The functions of these regions are not obvious although similar hydrophilic insertions have been noted in a number of apicomplexan enzymes including chorismate synthase (Roberts et al., 1998). Early studies established that, although the fungal AROM was ...
Biocatalytic potential of thermophilic bacteria and actinomycetes
Biocatalytic potential of thermophilic bacteria and actinomycetes

... antibiotics, hormones etc. have fascinated and focused attention in present scenario. The extremophiles majorly include; Halophiles, Thermophiles, Barophiles, Pscryophiles and Acidophiles [1, 2]. Among these, thermophilic bacteria and actinomycetes are the organisms which can grow and produce such c ...
annotation and analysis of newly discovered mycobacteriophage
annotation and analysis of newly discovered mycobacteriophage

... Identifying the Ends of the Dori Genome The assembled genome sequence for Dori did not show clearly defined ends, raising the possibilities that either we did not have a complete genome sequence for Dori or that it is a circularly permuted virus. We generated a restriction map for the Dori genome an ...
Use of Gene-Specific Primer Cocktails for First
Use of Gene-Specific Primer Cocktails for First

... the transcript. However, this technique will rarely bp). The primers for the dopamine receptors, generate full-length transcripts because the GAD, and CaMKII were described previously.1,2 chances are slim that priming will begin at the very The genes for α1-adrenoreceptors (α1ARs) con3′ end of the t ...
Tumour necrosis factor α -308G/A gene polymorphism
Tumour necrosis factor α -308G/A gene polymorphism

... have been too small to be detected in the present study sample, and a larger sample size may be required. Alternatively, a possible association may have been weakened by disease heterogeneity, environmental factors or gene-environment interactions. In fact, linkage disequilibrium is strong in this a ...
AP Biology Unit 4: Genetics - Chapter 14
AP Biology Unit 4: Genetics - Chapter 14

... • An organism with two identical alleles for a character is said to be homozygous for the gene controlling that character • An organism that has two different alleles for a gene is said to be heterozygous for the gene controlling that character • Unlike homozygotes, heterozygotes are not true-breedi ...
Kevin Ann Hunt Biol 509- Molecular Biology and Applications 1
Kevin Ann Hunt Biol 509- Molecular Biology and Applications 1

... The transfer of PRRs across plant families provides several advantages over current bacterial treatments. A reduction in agrochemical inputs is possible. Transgenic approaches can be done quickly and in crops where classical breeding is difficult. PRRs have the potential to confer broad-spectrum res ...
Hox patterning of the vertebrate axial skeleton
Hox patterning of the vertebrate axial skeleton

... Hoxb1, Hoxa2, Hoxb2) turn on during early gastrulation stages and more 5⬘ genes are expressed later in the tail bud, after anterior somites have formed. Comparisons between Hox gene expression patterns consistently demonstrated that the temporal delay of 5⬘ Hox gene expression, along with progressiv ...
Patterns of Inheritance
Patterns of Inheritance

... ¾ he simplified the problem by first examining just one trait at a time. ¾ he limited his study to traits that existed in 2 discrete forms. ¾ he kept quantitative data over several generations, using large sample sizes. ...
Genome-wide characteristics of sequence coverage by next
Genome-wide characteristics of sequence coverage by next

... • Majority of the data can be dominated by a small number of highly abundant transcripts • Ability to observe transcripts of smaller abundance is dependent upon sequence ...
Inheritance of Aldehyde Oxidase in Drosophila melanogaster
Inheritance of Aldehyde Oxidase in Drosophila melanogaster

... important eukaryotic genetic system for such studies because it has a very low chromosome number. The haploid (N) number of chromosomes is 4 and the chromosomes are designated X(1), 2, 3, and 4. The 2, 3, and 4 chromosomes are the same in both sexes and are referred to as autosomes to distinguish th ...
A method for measuring the non-random bias of a codon usage table
A method for measuring the non-random bias of a codon usage table

... strength of codon preference. For E. Coli we show that the strength of codon preference is related to levels of gene expression. The method can also be used to compare base triplet frequencies with those expected from the base composition. This second type of codon bias test is useful for distinguis ...
Solid Tumour Section Soft tissue tumors: an overview in Oncology and Haematology
Solid Tumour Section Soft tissue tumors: an overview in Oncology and Haematology

Acanthamoeba mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences: inferred
Acanthamoeba mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences: inferred

... but in some cases at least, strains with identical rns sequences also had different Rns sequences. For example, A. castellanii V042 had a mitochondrial sequence identical to A. polyphaga Jac/S2, A. castellanii Ma and A. castellanii Castellanii. However A. castellanii Castellanii and A. castellanii V ...
Unveiling the Transcriptome using High
Unveiling the Transcriptome using High

... Alternate transcription • multiple mRNA transcript “isoforms” within one gene – proteins with different functions may be produced – e.g. skipped exon in CYT-2 isoform of ERBB4 leads to increased cell proliferation ...
Regulation of Arabidopsis 14-3
Regulation of Arabidopsis 14-3

... determine whether the 14-3-3s themselves might be subject to regulation by N metabolites. We therefore examined the expression of all members of the 14-3-3 gene family in Arabidopsis seedlings grown with different forms of supplementary N. Amongst the different organic (amino acids) and inorganic (n ...
Lgi1 null mutant mice exhibit myoclonic seizures
Lgi1 null mutant mice exhibit myoclonic seizures

... and heterozygous littermates (Fig. 3). To examine temporal expression of Lgi1, we performed RT – PCR analysis on hippocampal mRNA from wild-type and heterozygous mutant littermates. Lgi1 expression was identified in all animals from 4 days old (P4) through 23 days old (P23) (Fig. 3). In this semi-qu ...
Integration of omics data with biochemical reaction
Integration of omics data with biochemical reaction

... The appearance of omics data sets has contributed to the rapid development of systems biology, which seeks the understanding of complex biological systems. Constraint-based modeling is one modeling formalism applied in systems biology, which relies on genome-scale network reconstructions. Metabolic ...
A G to C mutation in the CRYGD gamma crystallin gene associated
A G to C mutation in the CRYGD gamma crystallin gene associated

... positional candidate genes; most genes have been identified using this strategy. A second approach has been to screen DNA from large panels of patients with inherited cataract for mutation in the many candidate genes available [6]. In the low and middle income countries, an awareness for the need fo ...
Study of regulatory promoter polymorphism (
Study of regulatory promoter polymorphism (

... Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the polymorphism in Bax gene and its association with some clinical pathology traits in gastric cancer. Background: Gastric cancer is considered as the fourth most common cancer in the north and northwest of Iran. Bcl2 family has a key role in regulation of ...
Two homologous protein S-acyltransferases, PAT13 and PAT14
Two homologous protein S-acyltransferases, PAT13 and PAT14

... 2002; Roth et al., 2002). Given that, DHHC proteins are conserved in eukaryotes and that disruptions of DHHC genes are associated with various human diseases (Chavda et  al., 2014), the molecular function of this enzyme family has been studied for more than a decade. However, the role of this family ...
Multiple hypothesis testing
Multiple hypothesis testing

... differentially expressed. Expect 3 false positives. • B-H estimates that 94 genes are ...
Chromosomal Microarray Analysis
Chromosomal Microarray Analysis

... copy number in the distal and subtelomeric regions of the long arm of chromosome 18 suggestive of mosaicism. This deletion includes the critical region of chromosome 18q deletion syndrome (OMIM 601808). FISH analysis and partial chromosome analysis revealed mosaicism for a deletion in the long arm o ...
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Gene expression profiling



In the field of molecular biology, gene expression profiling is the measurement of the activity (the expression) of thousands of genes at once, to create a global picture of cellular function. These profiles can, for example, distinguish between cells that are actively dividing, or show how the cells react to a particular treatment. Many experiments of this sort measure an entire genome simultaneously, that is, every gene present in a particular cell.DNA microarray technology measures the relative activity of previously identified target genes. Sequence based techniques, like serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE, SuperSAGE) are also used for gene expression profiling. SuperSAGE is especially accurate and can measure any active gene, not just a predefined set. The advent of next-generation sequencing has made sequence based expression analysis an increasingly popular, ""digital"" alternative to microarrays called RNA-Seq. However, microarrays are far more common, accounting for 17,000 PubMed articles by 2006.
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