The Multivariate Resultant is NP-hard in any Characteristic
The Multivariate Resultant is NP-hard in any Characteristic

Artin E. Galois Theo..
Artin E. Galois Theo..

... is commutative, these four numbers are equal to each other and are called the rank of the matrix. Call the column vectors of the matrix Cl'. ...
Algebra for Digital Communication Test 2
Algebra for Digital Communication Test 2

Another Look at Square Roots and Traces (and Quadratic Equations
Another Look at Square Roots and Traces (and Quadratic Equations

Algebra Qualifying Exam Notes
Algebra Qualifying Exam Notes

(January 14, 2009) [08.1] Let R be a principal ideal domain. Let I be
(January 14, 2009) [08.1] Let R be a principal ideal domain. Let I be

Introduction to finite fields
Introduction to finite fields

Primitive permutation groups 1 The basics 2
Primitive permutation groups 1 The basics 2

A NOTE ON DIVIDED POWERS IN A HOPF ALGEBRA 547
A NOTE ON DIVIDED POWERS IN A HOPF ALGEBRA 547

FINITE FIELDS OF THE FORM GF(p)
FINITE FIELDS OF THE FORM GF(p)

FINITE FIELDS OF THE FORM GF(p)
FINITE FIELDS OF THE FORM GF(p)

mathematics
mathematics

Finite fields
Finite fields

Formulas for the Rayleigh wave speed in orthotropic elastic solids
Formulas for the Rayleigh wave speed in orthotropic elastic solids

Sicherman Dice
Sicherman Dice

ON CONSECUTIVE INTEGER PAIRS WITH THE SAME SUM
ON CONSECUTIVE INTEGER PAIRS WITH THE SAME SUM

William Stallings, Cryptography and Network Security 3/e
William Stallings, Cryptography and Network Security 3/e

On the Representation of Primes in Q( √ 2) as Sums of Squares
On the Representation of Primes in Q( √ 2) as Sums of Squares

Zassenhaus conjecture for central extensions of S5
Zassenhaus conjecture for central extensions of S5

Algebraic Numbers and Algebraic Integers
Algebraic Numbers and Algebraic Integers

Polynomial Rings
Polynomial Rings

Heptadecagon - Berkeley Math Circle
Heptadecagon - Berkeley Math Circle

AN INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY OF FIELD EXTENSIONS
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY OF FIELD EXTENSIONS

Polynomial Review Answer Section
Polynomial Review Answer Section

MATH 2112/CSCI 2112, Discrete Structures I Winter 2007 Toby
MATH 2112/CSCI 2112, Discrete Structures I Winter 2007 Toby

Root of unity



In mathematics, a root of unity, occasionally called a de Moivre number, is any complex number that gives 1 when raised to some positive integer power n. Roots of unity are used in many branches of mathematics, and are especially important in number theory, the theory of group characters, and the discrete Fourier transform.In field theory and ring theory the notion of root of unity also applies to any ring with a multiplicative identity element. Any algebraically closed field has exactly n nth roots of unity, if n is not divisible by the characteristic of the field.