This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research
... by relaxations of capital controls, which enabled them to engage in outbound FDI. Consequently, FDI inflows are somewhat larger than the data for net inflows make them appear. While portfolio flows are sometimes considered volatile, in India’s experience, there has been no episode of a significant r ...
... by relaxations of capital controls, which enabled them to engage in outbound FDI. Consequently, FDI inflows are somewhat larger than the data for net inflows make them appear. While portfolio flows are sometimes considered volatile, in India’s experience, there has been no episode of a significant r ...
23 January 2002 - European Parliament
... Monetary Affairs within the annual research programme This study is published in the following languages: DE, EN (original), FR. Authors: ...
... Monetary Affairs within the annual research programme This study is published in the following languages: DE, EN (original), FR. Authors: ...
How Should the Foreign-directed Enterprises Face the Impact of RMB Appreciation?
... On June 30, 2008, the exchange rate of RMB reached USD1.00 : RMB 6.8591, has increased accumulatively by 17% since June 21, 2005. The appreciation is fateful to most exporting companies in Zhejiang Province, especially serious to the exporting companies with profit margin under 10%. The lighter prod ...
... On June 30, 2008, the exchange rate of RMB reached USD1.00 : RMB 6.8591, has increased accumulatively by 17% since June 21, 2005. The appreciation is fateful to most exporting companies in Zhejiang Province, especially serious to the exporting companies with profit margin under 10%. The lighter prod ...
Competitiveness and its leverage in a currency union
... balancing any country’s current account. The extent to which the exchange rate diverges from the one that is required to balance a country’s current account, depends on the extent to which its “essential” competitiveness diverges from the union’s WAEC. The wider the range of “essential” competitiven ...
... balancing any country’s current account. The extent to which the exchange rate diverges from the one that is required to balance a country’s current account, depends on the extent to which its “essential” competitiveness diverges from the union’s WAEC. The wider the range of “essential” competitiven ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SEPJES EXPLAINING THE DURATION OF EXCHANGE-RATE PEGS Michael W. Klein
... This paper is a theoretical and empirical investigation into the determinants of the duration of fixed exchange-raw pegs. The theoretical model in Section 2 portrays policy-makers ...
... This paper is a theoretical and empirical investigation into the determinants of the duration of fixed exchange-raw pegs. The theoretical model in Section 2 portrays policy-makers ...
Indian Currency, Exchange Rate Regime and Policy (PDF
... coins. The Indian Republic has been following the Saka era as its official calendar. The Kushan gold coins had portraits of Siva, Buddha and Kartikeya. The coins of Satavahana, who ruled India during 270 BC to 30 BC, were predominantly of copper, lead and silver. These coins had motifs of elephants, ...
... coins. The Indian Republic has been following the Saka era as its official calendar. The Kushan gold coins had portraits of Siva, Buddha and Kartikeya. The coins of Satavahana, who ruled India during 270 BC to 30 BC, were predominantly of copper, lead and silver. These coins had motifs of elephants, ...
Risky Business An Empirical Analysis of Foreign Exchange Risk
... the first empirical study to measure the volume, extent, and nature of MFIs’ foreign exchange risk. It presents a snapshot, based on 2008 financial data of over 300 MFIs worldwide, representing approximately 60% of the total assets in the industry. By coincidence, 2008 turned out to be one of the mo ...
... the first empirical study to measure the volume, extent, and nature of MFIs’ foreign exchange risk. It presents a snapshot, based on 2008 financial data of over 300 MFIs worldwide, representing approximately 60% of the total assets in the industry. By coincidence, 2008 turned out to be one of the mo ...
Regional currency areas and the use of foreign currencies
... parallel. While it was difficult to make a precise list of minimum requirements, in the absence of some of the other elements it was very possible that a negative shock would imperil the union by making it no longer attractive for one or several countries to remain in it. A currency board or unilate ...
... parallel. While it was difficult to make a precise list of minimum requirements, in the absence of some of the other elements it was very possible that a negative shock would imperil the union by making it no longer attractive for one or several countries to remain in it. A currency board or unilate ...
inflation and exchange rate depreciation: a
... The study of inflation is central to economists especially in less developed countries (LDCs). Inflation is perilous to a country’s economy because it undermines the ability of its currency to perform its traditional functions of unit of account, store of value and reliable medium of exchange. In th ...
... The study of inflation is central to economists especially in less developed countries (LDCs). Inflation is perilous to a country’s economy because it undermines the ability of its currency to perform its traditional functions of unit of account, store of value and reliable medium of exchange. In th ...
Forecasting Global Commodity Prices Using South
... This research explores whether five South American commodity currencies, those of Argentina, Brazil, Columbia, Paraguay and Peru, can be used to develop a model that predicts future prices for individual commodities, and aggregate commodities indices. All five countries in the sample have had flexib ...
... This research explores whether five South American commodity currencies, those of Argentina, Brazil, Columbia, Paraguay and Peru, can be used to develop a model that predicts future prices for individual commodities, and aggregate commodities indices. All five countries in the sample have had flexib ...
Exchange Rate Regimes of Developing Countries: Global Context
... The exchange and payments crises of the 1990s, the general increase in capital mobility, and the boom-bust character of capital flows to developing countries have raised anew the issue of appropriate exchange rate arrangements. In response to these developments, one popular view is that there should ...
... The exchange and payments crises of the 1990s, the general increase in capital mobility, and the boom-bust character of capital flows to developing countries have raised anew the issue of appropriate exchange rate arrangements. In response to these developments, one popular view is that there should ...
The IMF and Troika`s Greek bailout programs: an East
... The Troika’s bailout conditionality contained exactly opposite measures to this basic economic principle. The imposed standby agreement mandated the Greek government to achieve fiscal surpluses during the culminated period of the financial crisis and completely failed to address how to set up and ma ...
... The Troika’s bailout conditionality contained exactly opposite measures to this basic economic principle. The imposed standby agreement mandated the Greek government to achieve fiscal surpluses during the culminated period of the financial crisis and completely failed to address how to set up and ma ...
Exchange Rates
... • In touch with data and research: McParity – As a test of the PPP hypothesis, the Economist magazine periodically reports on the prices of Big Mac hamburgers in different countries – The prices, when translated into dollar terms using the nominal exchange rate, range from $1.62 in India to $6.81 in ...
... • In touch with data and research: McParity – As a test of the PPP hypothesis, the Economist magazine periodically reports on the prices of Big Mac hamburgers in different countries – The prices, when translated into dollar terms using the nominal exchange rate, range from $1.62 in India to $6.81 in ...
Real currency appreciation in accession countries
... movement seems to be diagnostic for transition economies: As a rule, they appreciate in real terms. Figure 1 shows the real effective exchange rate of all the central and east European transition countries which are currently negotiating accession to the European Union. The series are calculated usi ...
... movement seems to be diagnostic for transition economies: As a rule, they appreciate in real terms. Figure 1 shows the real effective exchange rate of all the central and east European transition countries which are currently negotiating accession to the European Union. The series are calculated usi ...
International monetary policy transmission
... between advanced and EME policy rates is largely direct and automatic. In China, notwithstanding capital controls and progressive liberalisation of the exchange rate regime over the past decade, the renminbi short-term interest rate has not deviated much from the US policy rate. The impact of advanc ...
... between advanced and EME policy rates is largely direct and automatic. In China, notwithstanding capital controls and progressive liberalisation of the exchange rate regime over the past decade, the renminbi short-term interest rate has not deviated much from the US policy rate. The impact of advanc ...
Exchange Rate Reform in South Sudan
... profitable, and therefore influencing where financial resources are invested and how economic agents spend their time. It therefore provides the basis for a particular type of development trajectory, and the nature of economic activities that evolve in the economy. Besides influencing the rate and p ...
... profitable, and therefore influencing where financial resources are invested and how economic agents spend their time. It therefore provides the basis for a particular type of development trajectory, and the nature of economic activities that evolve in the economy. Besides influencing the rate and p ...
International Economics, 10e (Krugman/Obstfeld/Melitz) Chapter 19
... stock may reduce domestic unemployment and therefore lead to higher national income; third, domestic investment by one firm may have beneficial technological spillover effects on other domestic producers that the investing firm does not capture. In addition, the country may in the future find itself ...
... stock may reduce domestic unemployment and therefore lead to higher national income; third, domestic investment by one firm may have beneficial technological spillover effects on other domestic producers that the investing firm does not capture. In addition, the country may in the future find itself ...
Assessing the Advantages of EMU-Enlargement for the
... face a dilemma. This is because high growth rates lead to the need for real appreciation which has to be achieved either by exchange rate revaluation or by higher inflation rates.7 This implies that countries which sped up convergence by fixing the Euro exchange rate will be likely to face inflation ...
... face a dilemma. This is because high growth rates lead to the need for real appreciation which has to be achieved either by exchange rate revaluation or by higher inflation rates.7 This implies that countries which sped up convergence by fixing the Euro exchange rate will be likely to face inflation ...
Weak Dollar, Strong Dollar: Causes and Consequences
... dollar depreciation could be expected to slow and then reverse the steady rise of the U.S. trade deficit. Also, a depreciating dollar tends to improve the U.S. net debt position by raising the value U.S. foreign assets. But a falling dollar also tends to raise the dollar price of commodities such as ...
... dollar depreciation could be expected to slow and then reverse the steady rise of the U.S. trade deficit. Also, a depreciating dollar tends to improve the U.S. net debt position by raising the value U.S. foreign assets. But a falling dollar also tends to raise the dollar price of commodities such as ...
Foreign Exchange Risk Management Practices
... Deregulations as well as currency partnerships in combination with a large expansion within the financial market has, according to Bennet (1996), evolved to increased volatility which in turn has made it more difficult for companies to predict future profits. The uncertainty regarding exchange rates ...
... Deregulations as well as currency partnerships in combination with a large expansion within the financial market has, according to Bennet (1996), evolved to increased volatility which in turn has made it more difficult for companies to predict future profits. The uncertainty regarding exchange rates ...
AbootalebiShahrooz1979
... of an appropriate exchange rate, the selection of appropriate methods of translation, and the treatment of exchange adjustment. In attempting to solve these problems, careful consideration should be given to the concept and the fundamen-· tal objectives underlying the translation for the specific us ...
... of an appropriate exchange rate, the selection of appropriate methods of translation, and the treatment of exchange adjustment. In attempting to solve these problems, careful consideration should be given to the concept and the fundamen-· tal objectives underlying the translation for the specific us ...