The Impact of RMB Appreciation on Shandong Foreign Trade Enterprises
... China’s GDP value reached 20.9407 trillion yuan in 2006,and increase 10.7 percent. And 3.9 trillion yuan of fiscal revenue has provided effective protection for the appreciation of the RMB exchange rate in 2006, China’s economic growth reached to 11.1 percent in 2008 a quarter, showing a rapid growt ...
... China’s GDP value reached 20.9407 trillion yuan in 2006,and increase 10.7 percent. And 3.9 trillion yuan of fiscal revenue has provided effective protection for the appreciation of the RMB exchange rate in 2006, China’s economic growth reached to 11.1 percent in 2008 a quarter, showing a rapid growt ...
International Monetary Review
... should be taken. Secondly, both price control and volume control can be market oriented or non-market oriented. Without volume changing in pace of price control measures, price control would just be a way of reallocation losing its inherent efficiency as a market oriented method. Thirdly, labor prod ...
... should be taken. Secondly, both price control and volume control can be market oriented or non-market oriented. Without volume changing in pace of price control measures, price control would just be a way of reallocation losing its inherent efficiency as a market oriented method. Thirdly, labor prod ...
China Africa ...17 juin
... manufactured goods to Africa, contrary to its imports of raw materials, are significantly influenced by the real bilateral exchange rates. The real appreciation of African currencies stimulates China’s exports of manufactured goods. Then the reasons for the appreciation of the real exchange rates o ...
... manufactured goods to Africa, contrary to its imports of raw materials, are significantly influenced by the real bilateral exchange rates. The real appreciation of African currencies stimulates China’s exports of manufactured goods. Then the reasons for the appreciation of the real exchange rates o ...
Risk Perception and Foreign Exchange Risk Management in
... The additional information allowed us to form suitable subsamples for a deeper investigation. First, small MFIs are suspected of lacking deeper knowledge on risk management. Therefore one might expect differences regarding the perception of risks and the risk management between small and large, esta ...
... The additional information allowed us to form suitable subsamples for a deeper investigation. First, small MFIs are suspected of lacking deeper knowledge on risk management. Therefore one might expect differences regarding the perception of risks and the risk management between small and large, esta ...
The Interactions of Strength of Governments and Alternative
... known as the “bipolar” or “two corners” hypothesis (Eichengreen 1994, Obstfeld and Rogoff 1995, Summers 2000, Fischer 2001, and Bubula and Otker Robe 2003). Other economists argued that it wasn’t necessary to go all the way to a corner and that crawling bands, for example, could still be an effecti ...
... known as the “bipolar” or “two corners” hypothesis (Eichengreen 1994, Obstfeld and Rogoff 1995, Summers 2000, Fischer 2001, and Bubula and Otker Robe 2003). Other economists argued that it wasn’t necessary to go all the way to a corner and that crawling bands, for example, could still be an effecti ...
del06 mundaca 2762891 en
... in future transfer payments (i.e. bailouts). We believe that only when liquidity transfers are determined optimally (by welfare maximising agents), one can demonstrate formally the consequences of bailing out. Also, in contrast to previous work in the subject, the government is here concerned with ...
... in future transfer payments (i.e. bailouts). We believe that only when liquidity transfers are determined optimally (by welfare maximising agents), one can demonstrate formally the consequences of bailing out. Also, in contrast to previous work in the subject, the government is here concerned with ...
DP2014/01 Exchange rates, expected returns and risk Anella Munro April 2014
... across currency areas. Lustig and Verdelhan (2007) extend that analysis and show that portfolios of high interest currencies depreciate when consumption is low, while portfolios of low interest currencies provide hedging of consumption risk. Those papers support the idea that risk needs to be endog ...
... across currency areas. Lustig and Verdelhan (2007) extend that analysis and show that portfolios of high interest currencies depreciate when consumption is low, while portfolios of low interest currencies provide hedging of consumption risk. Those papers support the idea that risk needs to be endog ...
ge07 Egert 4676541 en
... Most of the currencies of Central and Eastern European economies (CEE economies) have experienced substantial real appreciation since the outset of the transition process. The real exchange rate appreciated sharply in some countries already during the early years of transition, perhaps to correct an ...
... Most of the currencies of Central and Eastern European economies (CEE economies) have experienced substantial real appreciation since the outset of the transition process. The real exchange rate appreciated sharply in some countries already during the early years of transition, perhaps to correct an ...
Review of Exchange Arrangements, Restrictions, and Controls
... To identify better the nature of the de facto exchange arrangements of currency unions, countries in these unions have been classified as of April 1, 2007 based on the exchange rate policies of the union, rather than the country, to reflect the external exchange arrangement of the union. In other wo ...
... To identify better the nature of the de facto exchange arrangements of currency unions, countries in these unions have been classified as of April 1, 2007 based on the exchange rate policies of the union, rather than the country, to reflect the external exchange arrangement of the union. In other wo ...
Trade Network Centrality and Currency Risk Premia
... trade normalized by pair-wise total GDP and only the top half are displayed. The position and size of each circle corresponds to the country’s overall importance in the trade network — its trade network centrality. Countries are more central if they have many strong links to countries that are thems ...
... trade normalized by pair-wise total GDP and only the top half are displayed. The position and size of each circle corresponds to the country’s overall importance in the trade network — its trade network centrality. Countries are more central if they have many strong links to countries that are thems ...
China`s exchange rate policy
... growth and depreciation evolved over time. In the early 1980s, that relationship was very close but became loose gradually later on. Over the 1981±1997 period, the simple correlation coefficients between export growth and depreciation of the nominal and real exchange rates were .26 and .03, respecti ...
... growth and depreciation evolved over time. In the early 1980s, that relationship was very close but became loose gradually later on. Over the 1981±1997 period, the simple correlation coefficients between export growth and depreciation of the nominal and real exchange rates were .26 and .03, respecti ...
INTL303chpt4
... 4X markets react to news that might effect future events eg. News of possible inflation in a country - due to some crisis, may cause currency traders to dump that currency before it declines in value Slides developed by Jeff Madura, with additions and enhancements by Tim Richardson ...
... 4X markets react to news that might effect future events eg. News of possible inflation in a country - due to some crisis, may cause currency traders to dump that currency before it declines in value Slides developed by Jeff Madura, with additions and enhancements by Tim Richardson ...
Much Appreciated: The Rise of the Canadian Dollar, 2002-2008
... above parity up to 1976. But after the Quebec election of 1976, with increased political uncertainty, there was a sharp drop in the currency. This begins the fourth chapter in the dollar’s history – a long, gradual weakening between 1976 and 1985. During the first half of the 1980’s, the dollar lost ...
... above parity up to 1976. But after the Quebec election of 1976, with increased political uncertainty, there was a sharp drop in the currency. This begins the fourth chapter in the dollar’s history – a long, gradual weakening between 1976 and 1985. During the first half of the 1980’s, the dollar lost ...
LEADING INDICATORS OF CURRENCY CRISES IN EMERGING
... autoregressive effects and possibly complicated lag structures. By using quarterly data, we are able to overcome these difficulties, or at least alleviate them. We can also consider questions, which would otherwise be out of reach or more difficult to analyze. Is there a monotonic evolution of leadi ...
... autoregressive effects and possibly complicated lag structures. By using quarterly data, we are able to overcome these difficulties, or at least alleviate them. We can also consider questions, which would otherwise be out of reach or more difficult to analyze. Is there a monotonic evolution of leadi ...
Emerging countries` foreign exchange reserves and accumulation
... These reserves have enabled the countries that have accumulated them to withstand the crisis rather better than the developed countries. This protective effect probably stems more from the confidence born of holding large reserves than from their actual use. Capital flows to the emerging countri ...
... These reserves have enabled the countries that have accumulated them to withstand the crisis rather better than the developed countries. This protective effect probably stems more from the confidence born of holding large reserves than from their actual use. Capital flows to the emerging countri ...