Inflation and monetary policy in the twentieth century
... knowledge about the mechanics of avoiding high inflation are not the key reason for the bad inflation outcomes that have occurred in the past. This view implicitly assumes that achieving a given inflation target over the medium run is not a problem from a technical standpoint. The problem, according ...
... knowledge about the mechanics of avoiding high inflation are not the key reason for the bad inflation outcomes that have occurred in the past. This view implicitly assumes that achieving a given inflation target over the medium run is not a problem from a technical standpoint. The problem, according ...
Monetary Policy Goals for Inflation in Australia
... has yet operated with an inflation target through an entire business cycle, these differences are, almost certainly, not yet as apparent as they will become over the next few years. In Australia, there is also an announced inflation objective. It is in some ways somewhat less ambitious and hard-edge ...
... has yet operated with an inflation target through an entire business cycle, these differences are, almost certainly, not yet as apparent as they will become over the next few years. In Australia, there is also an announced inflation objective. It is in some ways somewhat less ambitious and hard-edge ...
Security Scenarios And The Global Economy
... • Asia is likely to be the fastest-growing region in the world for the foreseeable future and to increasingly provide the bulk of incremental global demand. • This means that intra-Asian trade will continue to outpace trade with the rest of the world • Countries in the region have undertaken investm ...
... • Asia is likely to be the fastest-growing region in the world for the foreseeable future and to increasingly provide the bulk of incremental global demand. • This means that intra-Asian trade will continue to outpace trade with the rest of the world • Countries in the region have undertaken investm ...
Structural transformation, services deepening
... bundle of intermediate inputs of manufactured goods and services. The two sectors differ in the durability of the produced good and in the relative use of labor and intermediates. Importantly, the two sectors differ also in the degree of price stickiness. To model the process of services deepening, we ...
... bundle of intermediate inputs of manufactured goods and services. The two sectors differ in the durability of the produced good and in the relative use of labor and intermediates. Importantly, the two sectors differ also in the degree of price stickiness. To model the process of services deepening, we ...
Asset price booms and monetary policy
... Historically, asset price crashes have often been associated with sharp declines in economic activity and financial instability. Large falls in asset prices can not only have substantial wealth effects on consumption. They also reduce collateral values, which may lead to cuts in bank lending, thereb ...
... Historically, asset price crashes have often been associated with sharp declines in economic activity and financial instability. Large falls in asset prices can not only have substantial wealth effects on consumption. They also reduce collateral values, which may lead to cuts in bank lending, thereb ...
FREE Sample Here
... 5) Yves took a class in macroeconomics, which meant that he was studying A) individual businesses. B) limited resources. C) the overall economy. D) individual purchasing decisions. Answer: C Explanation: C) Macroeconomics is the study of the overall economy, so Yves will be studying a large holistic ...
... 5) Yves took a class in macroeconomics, which meant that he was studying A) individual businesses. B) limited resources. C) the overall economy. D) individual purchasing decisions. Answer: C Explanation: C) Macroeconomics is the study of the overall economy, so Yves will be studying a large holistic ...
A Foundation of Dust: Analyzing the Relationship between Famine
... “In the case of famine, … [in China], consists in the primitive organization, and absence of surplus resources over daily needs, which turn the misfortune of individuals into a general catastrophe… (pg. 77 as quoted in Rahmato 1991, pg. 99) It is this semi-colonialist perspective that was deeply inf ...
... “In the case of famine, … [in China], consists in the primitive organization, and absence of surplus resources over daily needs, which turn the misfortune of individuals into a general catastrophe… (pg. 77 as quoted in Rahmato 1991, pg. 99) It is this semi-colonialist perspective that was deeply inf ...
Preview Sample 2
... 5) Yves took a class in macroeconomics, which meant that he was studying A) individual businesses. B) limited resources. C) the overall economy. D) individual purchasing decisions. Answer: C Explanation: C) Macroeconomics is the study of the overall economy, so Yves will be studying a large holisti ...
... 5) Yves took a class in macroeconomics, which meant that he was studying A) individual businesses. B) limited resources. C) the overall economy. D) individual purchasing decisions. Answer: C Explanation: C) Macroeconomics is the study of the overall economy, so Yves will be studying a large holisti ...
... The annual Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific is a valuable instrument for disseminating information and sharing experience on socio-economic performance and related policy responses. Given the dynamic role which the region is playing in an increasingly globalized world economy, this ...
Macroeconomics: Introduction
... We hope that understanding these can help us implement better policies---policies that can improve human well-being by promoting growth, moderating business cycles, constraining inflation. Question: Do you think there are other major macroeconomic inquiries? Alan G. Isaac ...
... We hope that understanding these can help us implement better policies---policies that can improve human well-being by promoting growth, moderating business cycles, constraining inflation. Question: Do you think there are other major macroeconomic inquiries? Alan G. Isaac ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research Volume Title: The Inflation-Targeting Debate
... so much with the way in which inflation and other variables should evolve under an optimal policy—although a position on that question is a necessary starting point for their analysis—but rather with the question of the implementation of optimal policy, by which they mean the design of a decision pr ...
... so much with the way in which inflation and other variables should evolve under an optimal policy—although a position on that question is a necessary starting point for their analysis—but rather with the question of the implementation of optimal policy, by which they mean the design of a decision pr ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research
... However, in order to cope with the bad situation of macroeconomy, 1.8 trillion yen of the advance tax cuts were employed with a view to strengthening the competitiveness of industry, facilitating a smooth transference of assets to the next generation, promoting a shift from saving to investment, adv ...
... However, in order to cope with the bad situation of macroeconomy, 1.8 trillion yen of the advance tax cuts were employed with a view to strengthening the competitiveness of industry, facilitating a smooth transference of assets to the next generation, promoting a shift from saving to investment, adv ...
From Periphery to Core: Measuring Agglomeration Effects Using High-Speed Rail
... (Duranton and Turner, 2012), counterfactual least-cost networks (Faber, 2014) or straight-line connections among regional centers (Banerjee et al., 2012) have emerged as a standard approach to establishing a causal relationship. A complementary approach is to exploit the fact that the main purpose o ...
... (Duranton and Turner, 2012), counterfactual least-cost networks (Faber, 2014) or straight-line connections among regional centers (Banerjee et al., 2012) have emerged as a standard approach to establishing a causal relationship. A complementary approach is to exploit the fact that the main purpose o ...
How Important is Money in the Conduct of Monetary Policy?
... the runaway inflation experienced in many countries in the 1970s.1 But is this fear well-founded? Monetarism did surely represent an important advance over prior conventional wisdom, and it would indeed be a grave mistake to forget the lessons learned from the monetarist controversy. Yet I would arg ...
... the runaway inflation experienced in many countries in the 1970s.1 But is this fear well-founded? Monetarism did surely represent an important advance over prior conventional wisdom, and it would indeed be a grave mistake to forget the lessons learned from the monetarist controversy. Yet I would arg ...
The Monetary Policy Decision Process in the Federal Republic of Germany
... liquidity ratio of commercial banks served as the main intermediate target variable. The Bundesbank interpreted an increase of this ratio as an expansionary situation and a decrease as a restrictive situation. In periods of relatively stable interest rates bank liquidity was a relatively reliable in ...
... liquidity ratio of commercial banks served as the main intermediate target variable. The Bundesbank interpreted an increase of this ratio as an expansionary situation and a decrease as a restrictive situation. In periods of relatively stable interest rates bank liquidity was a relatively reliable in ...
CA NP 4 - Board of Commissioners of Public Utilities
... another €200 billion with the International Monetary Fund to provide last-resort lending to member countries having trouble financing their debt. This effort by European ...
... another €200 billion with the International Monetary Fund to provide last-resort lending to member countries having trouble financing their debt. This effort by European ...
Australia to 2050: future challenges Circulated by
... Population ageing reduces the proportion of working age people supporting people aged over 65 years. The rate of improvement in average living standards is projected to fall, placing pressure on Australia’s capacity to fund the spending pressures associated with an ageing population, particularly in ...
... Population ageing reduces the proportion of working age people supporting people aged over 65 years. The rate of improvement in average living standards is projected to fall, placing pressure on Australia’s capacity to fund the spending pressures associated with an ageing population, particularly in ...
Essays on Macroeconomic Theory: Technology Adoption, the Informal Economy, and Monetary Policy
... income differences across countries, when these costs are combined with distortions to the efficiency of the investment sector, they have the potential to explain an even larger part of the observed international income differences. This is a relevant result because these two distortions are likely ...
... income differences across countries, when these costs are combined with distortions to the efficiency of the investment sector, they have the potential to explain an even larger part of the observed international income differences. This is a relevant result because these two distortions are likely ...
Monetary Policy and the Economy Q3/04 – Expansionary Fiscal
... government expenditure, in a neoclassical framework. In a neoclassical setup where consumers are infinitely lived and government consumption is pure waste, every cut in government spending increases private consumption. Reduced government spending in these models implies a decrease in the expected f ...
... government expenditure, in a neoclassical framework. In a neoclassical setup where consumers are infinitely lived and government consumption is pure waste, every cut in government spending increases private consumption. Reduced government spending in these models implies a decrease in the expected f ...
Toronto as a Global City: Scorecard on Prosperity
... Seattle. Closing the gap will be difficult as it requires not only speeding up, but also sustaining it for an extended period of time. Improving the Toronto region’s performance is imperative because productivity growth is essential to maintaining and raising living standards. Essentially, productiv ...
... Seattle. Closing the gap will be difficult as it requires not only speeding up, but also sustaining it for an extended period of time. Improving the Toronto region’s performance is imperative because productivity growth is essential to maintaining and raising living standards. Essentially, productiv ...
why inflation rose and fell: policymakers` beliefs
... in Orphanides and Williams [2003]). Furthermore, the explanations based on the misperception of potential output fail to address the Volcker disinflation, unless an exogenous shift in policymakers’ preferences is specified (for example, as in Bullard and Eusepi [2003]). While there is clearly some ...
... in Orphanides and Williams [2003]). Furthermore, the explanations based on the misperception of potential output fail to address the Volcker disinflation, unless an exogenous shift in policymakers’ preferences is specified (for example, as in Bullard and Eusepi [2003]). While there is clearly some ...
A-level Economics Mark scheme Unit 04 - The National and
... Are growth and living standards always necessarily directly linked? How can living standards be judged and what factors need to be considered in their measurement? (This could include HDI or other suitable measurements). The role of the state and the effects of merit and public goods on living stand ...
... Are growth and living standards always necessarily directly linked? How can living standards be judged and what factors need to be considered in their measurement? (This could include HDI or other suitable measurements). The role of the state and the effects of merit and public goods on living stand ...
Productivity measures and analysis: ONS work plan
... form of computer software was fully capitalised in the National Accounts from Blue Book 2007, and as noted above, R&D was capitalised in Blue Book 2014. Capitalisation impacts on labour productivity because it increases the level of economic output and may also affect growth rates. The impact on MFP ...
... form of computer software was fully capitalised in the National Accounts from Blue Book 2007, and as noted above, R&D was capitalised in Blue Book 2014. Capitalisation impacts on labour productivity because it increases the level of economic output and may also affect growth rates. The impact on MFP ...
The impact of hyperinflation on the Zimbabwean construction industry
... to inflation because it represents an increase in money balances without a corresponding increase in the quantity of goods in the economy (Harriott, 2000: online). Krois (2002: 1) resolves that inflation is the result of ‘weak’ governments who simply print more money in an effort to finance quasi-fi ...
... to inflation because it represents an increase in money balances without a corresponding increase in the quantity of goods in the economy (Harriott, 2000: online). Krois (2002: 1) resolves that inflation is the result of ‘weak’ governments who simply print more money in an effort to finance quasi-fi ...
Post–World War II economic expansion
""Golden Age of capitalism"" redirects here. Other periods this term may refer to are Gilded Age and Belle Époque.The post–World War II economic expansion, also known as the postwar economic boom, the long boom, and the Golden Age of Capitalism, was a period of economic prosperity in the mid-20th century which occurred, following the end of World War II in 1945, and lasted until the early 1970s. It ended with the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in 1971, the 1973 oil crisis, and the 1973–1974 stock market crash, which led to the 1970s recession. Narrowly defined, the period spanned from 1945 to 1952, with overall growth lasting well until 1971, though there are some debates on dating the period, and booms in individual countries differed, some starting as early as 1945, and overlapping the rise of the East Asian economies into the 1980s or 1990s.During this time there was high worldwide economic growth; Western European and East Asian countries in particular experienced unusually high and sustained growth, together with full employment. Contrary to early predictions, this high growth also included many countries that had been devastated by the war, such as Greece (Greek economic miracle), West Germany (Wirtschaftswunder), France (Trente Glorieuses), Japan (Japanese post-war economic miracle), and Italy (Italian economic miracle).