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CCAMLR - Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition
CCAMLR - Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition

... Strange fish, with clear white blood and anti-freeze in their bodies, lurk throughout the water column. On the surface, penguins, flying seabirds, seals and whales abound amidst the ice, foraging in krill-rich waters. Many marine habitats, in deep water or under ice, have yet to be studied, but almo ...
IMOS National Reference Station (NRS) Network
IMOS National Reference Station (NRS) Network

... The coastal oceans are clearly in scope for IMOS.  To effectively address observing system  requirements in the coastal zone more broadly, which includes “the portion of the land adjacent to  the coast that influences coastal waters”, national collaboration between IMOS, State Governments  (e.g. via ...
Fast and slow spreading ridges - Archimer
Fast and slow spreading ridges - Archimer

... Different parts of the world ridge system have quite different morphologies, which reflect different constructional processes. It appears that hydrothermal circulation at all spreading centers is an important exchange process between the ocean and the newly formed oceanic crust. This hydrothermal ci ...
(pdf)
(pdf)

... events that approximate large-scale experiments in which the oceanic N budget responds to naturally imposed forcings. Although some studies have explored the nitrogen cycle of the distant past (e.g., Fennel et al., 2005; Jenkyns et al., 2001; Kuypers et al., 2004; Rau et al., 1987; Saltzman, 2005), ...
Biological Oceanography Committee - North Pacific Marine Science
Biological Oceanography Committee - North Pacific Marine Science

... Reports of BIO active groups Section on Climate Change Effects on Marine Ecosystems (S-CCME) S-CCME Co-Chair, Dr. Ito, presented the report of this joint PICES/ICES Section. He reviewed the activities carried out in 2015, which included participation of S-CCME members at: i) The 3rd Symposium on “Ef ...
towards an ocean governance framework and national ocean policy
towards an ocean governance framework and national ocean policy

... (Accessed 29 October 2005). ...
Workshop Brochure
Workshop Brochure

... The Joint International Workshop of OCCOS and CHOICE-C will bring together expertise and successful experience from the first international workshop of OCCOS (Ocean and Climate Changes Observed from Space) held in Dec. 2008 and the first international workshop on coastal ocean carbon cycling in Mar. ...
A mission concept for simultaneous measurements of marine winds
A mission concept for simultaneous measurements of marine winds

... products. The accuracy of the products is typically less than 0.20 m/s and independent on current regimes. Addressing the user needs set out in the previous section, requires repeated measurements of ocean currents at temporal and spatial scales compatible with the remote sensing mission. The envisa ...
A VISION FOR CIRCUMPOLAR PROTECTION
A VISION FOR CIRCUMPOLAR PROTECTION

... bursting with life – but mostly marine life. Below the icy ocean surface, bright-colored seastars, sponges and other bottomdwelling creatures of all shapes and sizes blanket the seafloor. Strange fish, with clear white blood and anti-freeze in their bodies, lurk throughout the water column. On the s ...
Antarctic Ocean Legacy: A Vision for Circumpolar
Antarctic Ocean Legacy: A Vision for Circumpolar

... bursting with life – but mostly marine life. Below the icy ocean surface, bright-colored seastars, sponges and other bottomdwelling creatures of all shapes and sizes blanket the seafloor. Strange fish, with clear white blood and anti-freeze in their bodies, lurk throughout the water column. On the s ...
Ocean storage
Ocean storage

... and ecological impact of CO2 released into seawater, generally as liquid drop­ lets, larger liquid masses, or liquid–hydrate–water composites. In situ experiments conducted at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI; see Key References), typically involving the release and observation of ...
7.0 Strategy for nesting with other existing classification systems
7.0 Strategy for nesting with other existing classification systems

... flora, fauna and the supporting geophysical environment contained within distinct but dynamic spatial boundaries). The pelagic and benthic bioregional classifications will need to undergo further peer review prior to being finalised in time for the CBD COP-9 in May 2007. New data, both biological an ...
Relationships between dinoflagellate cyst assemblages in surface
Relationships between dinoflagellate cyst assemblages in surface

... 3 The Bering Shelf Water (BSW) formed by waters from the North Pacific Current spreads on the shelf, which constitutes a more open ocean environment characterised by a salinity of approximately 32.5 in summer (Thomson, 1981; Reed and Stabeno, 1997). This water mass mixes with the AW in the north, wh ...
Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem
Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem

... surface waters of the subpolar North Pacific, aragonite and calcite undersaturation will occur later, when pCO2 reaches 740 and 1040 ppmv, respectively. The cold waters of the Arctic Ocean are also naturally low in CO22 3 concentration. Continuing research is evaluating how the Arctic Ocean’s change ...
Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem processes
Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem processes

... surface waters of the subpolar North Pacific, aragonite and calcite undersaturation will occur later, when pCO2 reaches 740 and 1040 ppmv, respectively. The cold waters of the Arctic Ocean are also naturally low in CO22 3 concentration. Continuing research is evaluating how the Arctic Ocean’s change ...
Influence of bacterial uptake on deep
Influence of bacterial uptake on deep

... the decay of the semilabile DOC of about 0.5 yr. Due to the short timescale for the decomposition of semilabile DOC into DIC they find that the deep-sea semilabile DOC concentration is only about 1 mM in the deep ocean with a maximum of about 3 mM in the deep northern Pacific. A similar timescale of ...
PLoS Biology Featured Image | Vol. 6(7) July 2008
PLoS Biology Featured Image | Vol. 6(7) July 2008

... (12,095 cumulative satellite tracking days) collected for leatherback turtles. Forty-six females were electronically tagged during three field seasons at Playa Grande, Costa Rica, the largest extant nesting colony in the eastern Pacific. After completing nesting, the turtles headed southward, traver ...
The Effects of Plastic Pollution on Aquatic Wildlife
The Effects of Plastic Pollution on Aquatic Wildlife

... traveling long distances; ending up in terrestrial environments, along shorelines, or floating in the open ocean (Zbyszewski and Corcoran 2011). For example, pill bottles from India along with oil and detergent containers from Russia, Korea, and China have been found on the southern parts of Hawaii ...
Page 1 of 14 Increasing frequency of extreme El Niño events due to
Page 1 of 14 Increasing frequency of extreme El Niño events due to

... pool (water with sea surface temperatures (SSTs) higher than 28°C) and associated convective rainfall extended far into the eastern equatorial Pacific3,4. This severely disrupted global weather patterns and led to major natural disasters. Catastrophic floods occurred in the eastern equatorial region ...
REVIVING THE OCEAN ECONOMY - WWF
REVIVING THE OCEAN ECONOMY - WWF

... The threats to the ocean are well documented. Even the solutions are fairly well known. It is political and corporate will that remain elusive. We continue to take the ocean for granted, perhaps because the poor communities that are most dependent on ocean resources lack power and influence, and tur ...
reviving the ocean economy
reviving the ocean economy

... The threats to the ocean are well documented. Even the solutions are fairly well known. It is political and corporate will that remain elusive. We continue to take the ocean for granted, perhaps because the poor communities that are most dependent on ocean resources lack power and influence, and tur ...
Information relevant to the identification of critical habitat for
Information relevant to the identification of critical habitat for

... Critical Habitat (DFO, 2012) detail a number of methods used to define the habitat necessary to support the population and distribution objectives for a species at risk. With many species, identification of habitat begins with the repeated observation of individuals associated with a geospatial loca ...
Attachment 1
Attachment 1

... o Does this image agree with our hypothesis? What do you notice about this picture? It turns out that the wind driven surface currents in the Atlantic form a ring around the basin, and all of those currents converge in the center of the basin. This area of convergence is called the North Atlantic Su ...
The role of marine biota
The role of marine biota

... deep ocean to the upper ocean, single-handedly accounting for about threequarters of the biological production north of 30°S as shown by Sarmiento et al. (2004) and in figure 4.4b. As shown in table 4.2, the change in production north of 30°S relative to the removal of CO2 from the atmosphere, ΔProd ...
NJ Ocean Acidification Charge Question
NJ Ocean Acidification Charge Question

... Calcareous plankton, including some phytoplankton at the base of oceanic food webs (such as coccolithophores) and foraminiferans (McIntyre-Wressnig et al. 2013), are threatened. Among the plankton in the oceans are tiny snails called pteropods that play an important role in ...
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Pacific Ocean



The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south and is bounded by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.At 165.25 million square kilometers (63.8 million square miles) in area, this largest division of the World Ocean—and, in turn, the hydrosphere—covers about 46% of the Earth's water surface and about one-third of its total surface area, making it larger than all of the Earth's land area combined. The equator subdivides it into the North Pacific Ocean and South Pacific Ocean, with two exceptions: the Galápagos and Gilbert Islands, while straddling the equator, are deemed wholly within the South Pacific. The Mariana Trench in the western North Pacific is the deepest point in the world, reaching a depth of 10,911 metres (35,797 ft).The eastern Pacific Ocean was first sighted by Europeans in the early 16th century when Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Panama in 1513 and discovered the great ""southern sea"" which he named Mar del Sur. The ocean's current name was coined by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan during the Spanish circumnavigation of the world in 1521, as he encountered favourable winds on reaching the ocean. He therefore called it Mar Pacifico in Portuguese, meaning ""peaceful sea"".
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