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Activities • Walter Geibert (Alfred-Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven
Activities • Walter Geibert (Alfred-Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven

... other scientists and to enhance the possibilities for trace metal analyses in Russian shelf seas. In this respect, two agreements were made: 1. The Shirshov Institute participants announced that 2-3 foreign participants were welcome on their 2017 expedition to the Laptev/Kara/Barents Sea. And 2. It ...
MSCI 101 - University of South Carolina
MSCI 101 - University of South Carolina

... Marine science is inherently integrative, encompassing four main scientific subdisciplines: biological, chemical, geological, ad physical oceanography. Therefore, in order to understand the oceans and become a marine scientist, one must first know the fundamental concepts within each of these areas. ...
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... So who oversees the high seas? The answer is a host of groups, each of which handles only a very specific issue. The International Maritime Organization, for example, regulates shipping. The International Seabed Authority is in charge of deep-sea mining. And various regional organizations manage fi ...
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... cold deep water results in relatively [(high)(low)] SSTs in the eastern Pacific compared to the western Pacific. 8. Cold surface water cools the air above it, which leads to increases in the surface air pressure. Warm surface water adds heat and water vapor to the atmosphere, lowering surface air pr ...
049539193X_177835
049539193X_177835

... beams radiating from a ship’s hull. 3. Satellites cannot measure ocean depths directly, but they can measure small variations in the elevation of surface water using radar beams. This is useful because the pull of gravity varies across Earth’s surface depending on the nearness (or distance away) of ...
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Ch 15 - FCUSD.org

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Physical Oceanography
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... fossil fuel CO2 emissions are currently contained in the world's ocean. The Atlantic, especially in its northern part, shows higher column inventories of anthropogenic carbon than the Indian and Pacific Ocean, illustrating the role of North Atlantic Deep Water for the storage of CO2 emissions from t ...
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... • ¾ of the earth’s surface lies submerged beneath salt water called global ocean. • Earth alone is called the water planet. • 97 % of all the water on earth is contained by the global ocean. • Mass of the ocean is 1/4000 of the mass of the earth as a whole. • Volume is about 800 times greater than t ...
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... • He did not complete his final, westward voyage; he was killed during the Battle of Mactan in the Phillipines (April 27, 1521). He did, however, die farther west than the Spice Islands of Indonesia, which he had visited from the west on earlier voyages, making him one of the 1st individuals to cros ...
Ocean Floor
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... ¤ Ocean waters that travel in huge circular patters ¤ Mix the ocean waters of the world together ¤ Impact where ocean plants and animals live ¤ Impact movement of ships around the world ¤ Three things cause currents: n Wind Patterns n Temperature n Salinity ...
Earth Science Common Assessment #8
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... • Many of the world's major fisheries are located in areas where strong persistent upwelling occurs. ...
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... During the Celtic Explorer expedition, the vessel will stop every 30 nautical miles and sample water from at least 24 different depths. At each depth, samples for a dozen different measurements will be collected, resulting in thousands of individual water samples that must be recorded and tracked. ...
Sea Floor Spreading Barrows
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... Sea-Floor spreading and subduction can change the size and shape of the oceans. Ocean floor is renewed every 200 million years – the time it takes for the floor to travel from ridge to trench. The Pacific Ocean is shrinking. More crust is being subducted than is being formed. The Atlantic Ocean is e ...
Slide 1
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... the world’s oceans. With an average depth of about 3,900 meters, it is the deepest ocean in the world as well. ...
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Australasian Regional IODP Workshop in 2017 for building new
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... Cenozoic (the other being India) with resulting fundamental changes in the tectonic and climatic development of Earth and its biota. Tectonic questions to be addressed include 1) the formation of ancient and modern compressional island arc complexes and subduction zones extending from Papua New Guin ...
Sea-floor Spreading Section 4-4
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... • Mid-ocean ridge- Undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced. ...
White Cliffs
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... about 400 meters thick (1,300 feet). It is the same kind of chalk used with chalkboards found in many classrooms. Most of the chalk is made up of the shells of long extinct tiny ocean floating organisms called coccoliths, which are about .001 millimeters in size. Their shells are made up of calcium ...
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... An opening in the sea floor where super-heated water and other material are discharged into the surrounding seawater. The area that lies between the low-tide and the high-tide line. A chain of undersea mountains that circles the earth through every ocean. Free-swimming organisms whose movements are ...
Hydrothermal Vents
Hydrothermal Vents

... The first hydrothermal vent was discovered in 1977. They are known to exist in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Most are found at an average depth of about 2,100 meters (7,000 ft) in areas of seafloor spreading along the Mid-Ocean Ridge system- the underwater mountain chain that snakes its way aroun ...
Earth`s Oceans
Earth`s Oceans

... 360 million square km. • Ocean water is different than fresh water; How? It is salty. The ocean has many dissolved salts in it with the greatest amount coming from sodium and chlorine. • When Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl) combine it forms a salt called halite, which is the common table salt used to ...
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Pacific Ocean



The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south and is bounded by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.At 165.25 million square kilometers (63.8 million square miles) in area, this largest division of the World Ocean—and, in turn, the hydrosphere—covers about 46% of the Earth's water surface and about one-third of its total surface area, making it larger than all of the Earth's land area combined. The equator subdivides it into the North Pacific Ocean and South Pacific Ocean, with two exceptions: the Galápagos and Gilbert Islands, while straddling the equator, are deemed wholly within the South Pacific. The Mariana Trench in the western North Pacific is the deepest point in the world, reaching a depth of 10,911 metres (35,797 ft).The eastern Pacific Ocean was first sighted by Europeans in the early 16th century when Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Panama in 1513 and discovered the great ""southern sea"" which he named Mar del Sur. The ocean's current name was coined by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan during the Spanish circumnavigation of the world in 1521, as he encountered favourable winds on reaching the ocean. He therefore called it Mar Pacifico in Portuguese, meaning ""peaceful sea"".
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